Biol 2457 (A&P 1) Final Exam Second Half Questions
with Correct Answers 2026/2027
1. Epithelial - CORRECT ANSWER -A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside
and out
2. connective tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -A body tissue that provides support for the body
and connects all of its parts, stores energy as fat, provides nonspecific immunity
3. muscular tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -Generates the physical force needed to make body
structures move and generate body heat
4. Nervous tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects bodily changes and responds by generating
nerve impulses
5. Endoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the
digestive and respiratory systems
6. Mesoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much of
the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems
7. Ectoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -the outer germ layer that develops into skin and nervous
tissue
8. Tight junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that
fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways
between adjacent cells, fuse cells together
,9. Adherens junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -contain plaque, a dense layer of proteins on
the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and to
microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
10. Desmosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -Anchoring junctions that prevents cells subjected to
mechanical stress from being pulled apart; button like thickenings of adjacent plasma
membranes connected by fine protein filaments
11. Hemidesmosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -attach epithelial cells to the basement
membrane
12. Gap junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from one
cell to another with special membrane proteins. Also called communicating junctions.
13. basal lamina - CORRECT ANSWER -thin extracellular layer that lies underneath epithelial
cells and separates them from other tissues
14. reticular lamina - CORRECT ANSWER -a layer of extracellular material containing a fine
network of collagen protein fibers that "belongs to" the underlying connective tissue
15. simple epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -a single layer of cells;
16. functions: diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption
17. psuedostratified epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -appears to have multiple layers
because the cell nuclei are at different levels, all cells do not reach the apical surface
18. stratified epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Multiples tiers of cells.
19. Squamous - CORRECT ANSWER -flat cells, allows rapid passage of substance
, 20. Cuboidal - CORRECT ANSWER -cube-shaped cells, as tall as they are wide
21. Columnar - CORRECT ANSWER -column-shaped cells, taller than they are wide
22. Transitional - CORRECT ANSWER -found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that slide
over one another, transition from flat to cuboidal
23. Location: urinary bladder
24. simple squamous epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Function: Allows passage of materials
by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating
substances in serosae.
25. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic
vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
26. endothelium - CORRECT ANSWER -the specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood
and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
27. Mesothelium - CORRECT ANSWER -the epithelium found in serous membranes lining the
ventral body cavity and covering its organs
28. simple cuboidal epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Function: secretion and absorption
29. Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
with Correct Answers 2026/2027
1. Epithelial - CORRECT ANSWER -A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside
and out
2. connective tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -A body tissue that provides support for the body
and connects all of its parts, stores energy as fat, provides nonspecific immunity
3. muscular tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -Generates the physical force needed to make body
structures move and generate body heat
4. Nervous tissue - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects bodily changes and responds by generating
nerve impulses
5. Endoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the
digestive and respiratory systems
6. Mesoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much of
the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems
7. Ectoderm - CORRECT ANSWER -the outer germ layer that develops into skin and nervous
tissue
8. Tight junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that
fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways
between adjacent cells, fuse cells together
,9. Adherens junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -contain plaque, a dense layer of proteins on
the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and to
microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
10. Desmosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -Anchoring junctions that prevents cells subjected to
mechanical stress from being pulled apart; button like thickenings of adjacent plasma
membranes connected by fine protein filaments
11. Hemidesmosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -attach epithelial cells to the basement
membrane
12. Gap junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from one
cell to another with special membrane proteins. Also called communicating junctions.
13. basal lamina - CORRECT ANSWER -thin extracellular layer that lies underneath epithelial
cells and separates them from other tissues
14. reticular lamina - CORRECT ANSWER -a layer of extracellular material containing a fine
network of collagen protein fibers that "belongs to" the underlying connective tissue
15. simple epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -a single layer of cells;
16. functions: diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption
17. psuedostratified epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -appears to have multiple layers
because the cell nuclei are at different levels, all cells do not reach the apical surface
18. stratified epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Multiples tiers of cells.
19. Squamous - CORRECT ANSWER -flat cells, allows rapid passage of substance
, 20. Cuboidal - CORRECT ANSWER -cube-shaped cells, as tall as they are wide
21. Columnar - CORRECT ANSWER -column-shaped cells, taller than they are wide
22. Transitional - CORRECT ANSWER -found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that slide
over one another, transition from flat to cuboidal
23. Location: urinary bladder
24. simple squamous epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Function: Allows passage of materials
by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating
substances in serosae.
25. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic
vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
26. endothelium - CORRECT ANSWER -the specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood
and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
27. Mesothelium - CORRECT ANSWER -the epithelium found in serous membranes lining the
ventral body cavity and covering its organs
28. simple cuboidal epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER -Function: secretion and absorption
29. Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
