Biol 1108 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions
with Correct Answers 2026
population - CORRECT ANSWER -
all the individuals of a single species in a given place that interact (meaning they can mate
with one another, they can have gene flow)
metapopulation - CORRECT ANSWER -individual--population---
then this! a network of populations where individuals travel between or interact with other
populations only rarely; only interact sometimes
-a collection of different populations of the same species but separated spatially
-
ex bunch of parrots of the same species in a forest but they live on opposite ends of the f
orest, so the collection of all the groups of parrots would be a THIS
-same species living in separate spaces
species - CORRECT ANSWER -
not really one definition; very hard to define ; a group of individuals/organisms that have si
milar characteristics that can mate
-there is the BSC and morphological species concept
community - CORRECT ANSWER -all the living organisms that interact in a common location
ecosystem - CORRECT ANSWER -
includes both biotic and abiotic factors ; combination of the two interacting in a place ["pla
ce' is loosely defined]
biome (landscpe) - CORRECT ANSWER -ecosystems that interact
,gene - CORRECT ANSWER -
a piece of DNA that codes for a specific trait (can be 100s or 1000s of bases) ; place on ch
romosome
allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
one state of a gene (each one would have a different base sequence) aka a single letter in
a genotype
dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
trait expressed when a single copy is present ; denoted with a capital letter
recessive allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
only expressed when no dominant allele is present ; requires two lowercase letters
NOTE! dominant alleles are not more common!! dominance has nothing to do with frequen
cy
allele frequency - CORRECT ANSWER -
how common a is a single letter/ allele ; the prevalence of an allele in a population
- a probability between 0 and 1
genotype - CORRECT ANSWER -
the collection of alleles present in the genome (assume organisms are diploid = 2)
phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER -the expressed traits/physical and visual
co-dominant - CORRECT ANSWER -
heterozygotes display BOTH dominant alleles in their phenotype ; multiple states of a gene
and they are equally "persuasive" in terms of phenotypes
-think "both at the same time"
, -ex. calico cat has patches of both patches of black and orange
incomplete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER -
heterozygotes display an intermediate (blended/mixed) phenotype
ex red and white flowers mate to produce a pink flower
polygenic traits - CORRECT ANSWER -traits controlled by more than one gene ex hair color
phenotypic plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER -
the range of phenotypes that are possible given different environment conditions
-plants have this higher than humans
- ex plants having different amounts of growth depending on the amount of light it has
-ex flower color in Hydrangea depends on the pH of the soil
(micro) evolution - CORRECT ANSWER -
a change in the frequency of alleles over time (generations) in a population (on species in
one place)
-NOTE! individuals cannot evolve ; cannot occur in a single generation
two requirements for evolution - CORRECT ANSWER -1) heritability of that trait-
controlled by genes, not by groomers! (like dog ex) ; phenotypes that are acquired cannot
evolve
2) variation in the population-
genetic variation at a given gene ; its necessary in order for that trait to evolve
-
bc there are no alleles that can shift back and forth SO if there are no alternatives, allele f
requencies cannot shift from generation to generation
with Correct Answers 2026
population - CORRECT ANSWER -
all the individuals of a single species in a given place that interact (meaning they can mate
with one another, they can have gene flow)
metapopulation - CORRECT ANSWER -individual--population---
then this! a network of populations where individuals travel between or interact with other
populations only rarely; only interact sometimes
-a collection of different populations of the same species but separated spatially
-
ex bunch of parrots of the same species in a forest but they live on opposite ends of the f
orest, so the collection of all the groups of parrots would be a THIS
-same species living in separate spaces
species - CORRECT ANSWER -
not really one definition; very hard to define ; a group of individuals/organisms that have si
milar characteristics that can mate
-there is the BSC and morphological species concept
community - CORRECT ANSWER -all the living organisms that interact in a common location
ecosystem - CORRECT ANSWER -
includes both biotic and abiotic factors ; combination of the two interacting in a place ["pla
ce' is loosely defined]
biome (landscpe) - CORRECT ANSWER -ecosystems that interact
,gene - CORRECT ANSWER -
a piece of DNA that codes for a specific trait (can be 100s or 1000s of bases) ; place on ch
romosome
allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
one state of a gene (each one would have a different base sequence) aka a single letter in
a genotype
dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
trait expressed when a single copy is present ; denoted with a capital letter
recessive allele - CORRECT ANSWER -
only expressed when no dominant allele is present ; requires two lowercase letters
NOTE! dominant alleles are not more common!! dominance has nothing to do with frequen
cy
allele frequency - CORRECT ANSWER -
how common a is a single letter/ allele ; the prevalence of an allele in a population
- a probability between 0 and 1
genotype - CORRECT ANSWER -
the collection of alleles present in the genome (assume organisms are diploid = 2)
phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER -the expressed traits/physical and visual
co-dominant - CORRECT ANSWER -
heterozygotes display BOTH dominant alleles in their phenotype ; multiple states of a gene
and they are equally "persuasive" in terms of phenotypes
-think "both at the same time"
, -ex. calico cat has patches of both patches of black and orange
incomplete dominance - CORRECT ANSWER -
heterozygotes display an intermediate (blended/mixed) phenotype
ex red and white flowers mate to produce a pink flower
polygenic traits - CORRECT ANSWER -traits controlled by more than one gene ex hair color
phenotypic plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER -
the range of phenotypes that are possible given different environment conditions
-plants have this higher than humans
- ex plants having different amounts of growth depending on the amount of light it has
-ex flower color in Hydrangea depends on the pH of the soil
(micro) evolution - CORRECT ANSWER -
a change in the frequency of alleles over time (generations) in a population (on species in
one place)
-NOTE! individuals cannot evolve ; cannot occur in a single generation
two requirements for evolution - CORRECT ANSWER -1) heritability of that trait-
controlled by genes, not by groomers! (like dog ex) ; phenotypes that are acquired cannot
evolve
2) variation in the population-
genetic variation at a given gene ; its necessary in order for that trait to evolve
-
bc there are no alleles that can shift back and forth SO if there are no alternatives, allele f
requencies cannot shift from generation to generation
