NSG 122 Fundamental Concepts HESI Final Exam Q&A 2026
| Complete Study Resource | Exam Prep | Graded A+ Herzing
University
1. What are some common barriers to effective communication when assessing
chronic pain in older adults?
Physical disabilities
Communication barriers
Inadequate training
Lack of medical history
2. In a scenario where a patient is bedridden for an extended period, what
positioning strategies should a nurse implement to prevent complications?
Only reposition the patient when they request it.
Keep the patient in a single position to avoid discomfort.
Use restraints to keep the patient in place for safety.
Regularly reposition the patient and use supportive devices to
maintain proper alignment.
3. Nursing interventions are:
steps to complete the evaluations process.
actions selected or prescribed by a nurse to achieve the desired
patient outcome.
part of the patient problem statement
broad, general statements.
4. A patient is experiencing constipation and has a low-fiber diet. What
combination of interventions would you recommend to improve their
, condition?
Only recommend medication without dietary changes.
Encourage bed rest and decrease fluid intake.
Increase dietary fiber intake, ensure adequate fluid consumption,
and encourage regular exercise.
Reduce dietary fiber intake and limit fluid consumption.
5. What is the primary purpose of the Z-track technique in intramuscular
injections?
To increase the speed of medication absorption
To prevent medication leakage into subcutaneous tissues
To ensure proper needle disposal
To reduce the risk of infection at the injection site
6. A patient in the end stages of a terminal illness exhibits Cheyne-Stokes
respirations. What should the nursing intervention focus on?
Administering antibiotics to treat a potential infection.
Providing comfort measures and support for the patient and family.
Increasing the patient's fluid intake.
Monitoring vital signs for improvement.
7. What are the primary reasons for patient positioning in nursing care?
To maintain patient confidentiality and privacy.
To prevent pressure ulcers, promote comfort, and ensure proper
body alignment and respiratory function.
, To enhance medication absorption and improve patient mobility.
To facilitate communication between healthcare providers and
patients.
8. Describe how adherence to protocols contributes to patient safety in nursing
practice.
Adherence to protocols allows for more flexibility in patient care.
Adherence to protocols helps standardize care and reduces the risk
of errors.
Adherence to protocols is less important than personal judgment.
Adherence to protocols is only necessary in emergency situations.
9. In a scenario where a patient is bedridden and has limited mobility, what
positioning strategy should a nurse implement to prevent pressure ulcers and
promote circulation?
Keep the patient in one position for extended periods.
Regularly reposition the patient every two hours.
Use a single position for all patients regardless of their condition.
Only reposition the patient when they request it.
10. Describe the importance of the five rights of medication administration in
nursing practice.
The five rights ensure that patients receive the correct medication
safely and effectively, minimizing the risk of errors.
The five rights are only important for medication administration in
hospitals.
, The five rights are a checklist that nurses must follow to avoid legal
issues.
The five rights focus solely on the timing of medication administration.
11. The nurse is instructing the client with chronic renal failure to maintain
adequate nutritional intake. Which of the following diets would be most
appropriate?
High-calcium, high-potassium, high-protein.
Low-protein, low-sodium, low-potassium.
Low-protein, high-potassium.
High-carbohydrate, high-protein.
12. What type of tissue loss is associated with a stage 2 pressure injury?
Superficial abrasion
Partial-thickness loss of dermis
Complete tissue necrosis
Full-thickness loss of skin
13. Which of the following is a factor that affects the risk for infection?
Heart rate
Respiratory rate
Nutritional status
Blood pressure
14. Describe the importance of hand hygiene in infection control measures
within nursing practice.
| Complete Study Resource | Exam Prep | Graded A+ Herzing
University
1. What are some common barriers to effective communication when assessing
chronic pain in older adults?
Physical disabilities
Communication barriers
Inadequate training
Lack of medical history
2. In a scenario where a patient is bedridden for an extended period, what
positioning strategies should a nurse implement to prevent complications?
Only reposition the patient when they request it.
Keep the patient in a single position to avoid discomfort.
Use restraints to keep the patient in place for safety.
Regularly reposition the patient and use supportive devices to
maintain proper alignment.
3. Nursing interventions are:
steps to complete the evaluations process.
actions selected or prescribed by a nurse to achieve the desired
patient outcome.
part of the patient problem statement
broad, general statements.
4. A patient is experiencing constipation and has a low-fiber diet. What
combination of interventions would you recommend to improve their
, condition?
Only recommend medication without dietary changes.
Encourage bed rest and decrease fluid intake.
Increase dietary fiber intake, ensure adequate fluid consumption,
and encourage regular exercise.
Reduce dietary fiber intake and limit fluid consumption.
5. What is the primary purpose of the Z-track technique in intramuscular
injections?
To increase the speed of medication absorption
To prevent medication leakage into subcutaneous tissues
To ensure proper needle disposal
To reduce the risk of infection at the injection site
6. A patient in the end stages of a terminal illness exhibits Cheyne-Stokes
respirations. What should the nursing intervention focus on?
Administering antibiotics to treat a potential infection.
Providing comfort measures and support for the patient and family.
Increasing the patient's fluid intake.
Monitoring vital signs for improvement.
7. What are the primary reasons for patient positioning in nursing care?
To maintain patient confidentiality and privacy.
To prevent pressure ulcers, promote comfort, and ensure proper
body alignment and respiratory function.
, To enhance medication absorption and improve patient mobility.
To facilitate communication between healthcare providers and
patients.
8. Describe how adherence to protocols contributes to patient safety in nursing
practice.
Adherence to protocols allows for more flexibility in patient care.
Adherence to protocols helps standardize care and reduces the risk
of errors.
Adherence to protocols is less important than personal judgment.
Adherence to protocols is only necessary in emergency situations.
9. In a scenario where a patient is bedridden and has limited mobility, what
positioning strategy should a nurse implement to prevent pressure ulcers and
promote circulation?
Keep the patient in one position for extended periods.
Regularly reposition the patient every two hours.
Use a single position for all patients regardless of their condition.
Only reposition the patient when they request it.
10. Describe the importance of the five rights of medication administration in
nursing practice.
The five rights ensure that patients receive the correct medication
safely and effectively, minimizing the risk of errors.
The five rights are only important for medication administration in
hospitals.
, The five rights are a checklist that nurses must follow to avoid legal
issues.
The five rights focus solely on the timing of medication administration.
11. The nurse is instructing the client with chronic renal failure to maintain
adequate nutritional intake. Which of the following diets would be most
appropriate?
High-calcium, high-potassium, high-protein.
Low-protein, low-sodium, low-potassium.
Low-protein, high-potassium.
High-carbohydrate, high-protein.
12. What type of tissue loss is associated with a stage 2 pressure injury?
Superficial abrasion
Partial-thickness loss of dermis
Complete tissue necrosis
Full-thickness loss of skin
13. Which of the following is a factor that affects the risk for infection?
Heart rate
Respiratory rate
Nutritional status
Blood pressure
14. Describe the importance of hand hygiene in infection control measures
within nursing practice.
