Chapter 17: Substance Use and Abuse – Drug Use Prevention | Study Guide, Key Concepts &
Practice Questions
How Serious Is the Problem of
Drug Dependence? - correct answer ✔✔In 2008, an estimated 22.2 million persons aged 12 or
older were classified with substance dependence or abuse in the past year (8.9% of the
population aged 12 or older).
Marijuana was the illicit drug with the highest rate of past year dependence or abuse in 2008,
followed by pain relievers and cocaine (highest to lowest).
In 2008, among persons aged 12 or older: - correct answer ✔✔the rate of substance
dependence or abuse was the lowest among Asians (4.2%). Racial/ethnic groups with similar
rates included American Indians or Alaska Natives (11.1%), persons reporting two or more races
(9.8%), whites (9.0%), blacks (8.8%), and Hispanics (9.5%). (These rates in 2008 were similar to
the rates in 2002 through 2007.)
Rates of substance dependence or abuse were associated with __________ in 2008. - correct
answer ✔✔level of education
Among adults aged 18 or older: - correct answer ✔✔those who graduated from a college or
university had a lower rate of dependence or abuse (7.0%)
than those who graduated from high school (9.4%)
those who did not graduate from high school (9.5%), and those with some college (10.5%).
Rates of substance dependence or abuse were associated with age - correct answer ✔✔the rate
of substance dependence or abuse among adults aged 18 to 25 (20.8%)
, was higher
than that among youths aged 12 to 17 (7.6%) and among adults aged 26 or older (7.0%).
Prevention Programs - correct answer ✔✔Enhance protective factors (such as self-control,
parental monitoring, anti-drug use policies) and reverse or reduce risk factors (such as
aggressive behavior, lack of parental supervision, lure of gang membership, drug availability, and
poverty).
Address all forms of drug abuse (underage, young adult, mature adult, and senior citizen drug
use).
Prevention programs have to be tailored to the characteristics of the audience (e.g., age,
gender, ethnicity, extent of drug use).
Levels of Drug Prevention
Level 1: Primary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔Primary drug prevention programs refer to a
very broad range of activities aimed at reducing the risk of drug use among non-users and
assuring continued non-use. The emphasis of primary drug prevention programs are aimed at
either nonusers who need to be "inoculated" against potential drug use and helping at-risk
individuals avoid the development of addictive behaviors. Often targeted to at-risk individuals,
neighborhoods, communities, and families.
Levels of Drug Prevention
Level 1 Factors: - correct answer ✔✔Intrapersonal factors: Affective education, values
clarification, personal and social skills development (assertiveness and refusal skills), drug
information and education
Practice Questions
How Serious Is the Problem of
Drug Dependence? - correct answer ✔✔In 2008, an estimated 22.2 million persons aged 12 or
older were classified with substance dependence or abuse in the past year (8.9% of the
population aged 12 or older).
Marijuana was the illicit drug with the highest rate of past year dependence or abuse in 2008,
followed by pain relievers and cocaine (highest to lowest).
In 2008, among persons aged 12 or older: - correct answer ✔✔the rate of substance
dependence or abuse was the lowest among Asians (4.2%). Racial/ethnic groups with similar
rates included American Indians or Alaska Natives (11.1%), persons reporting two or more races
(9.8%), whites (9.0%), blacks (8.8%), and Hispanics (9.5%). (These rates in 2008 were similar to
the rates in 2002 through 2007.)
Rates of substance dependence or abuse were associated with __________ in 2008. - correct
answer ✔✔level of education
Among adults aged 18 or older: - correct answer ✔✔those who graduated from a college or
university had a lower rate of dependence or abuse (7.0%)
than those who graduated from high school (9.4%)
those who did not graduate from high school (9.5%), and those with some college (10.5%).
Rates of substance dependence or abuse were associated with age - correct answer ✔✔the rate
of substance dependence or abuse among adults aged 18 to 25 (20.8%)
, was higher
than that among youths aged 12 to 17 (7.6%) and among adults aged 26 or older (7.0%).
Prevention Programs - correct answer ✔✔Enhance protective factors (such as self-control,
parental monitoring, anti-drug use policies) and reverse or reduce risk factors (such as
aggressive behavior, lack of parental supervision, lure of gang membership, drug availability, and
poverty).
Address all forms of drug abuse (underage, young adult, mature adult, and senior citizen drug
use).
Prevention programs have to be tailored to the characteristics of the audience (e.g., age,
gender, ethnicity, extent of drug use).
Levels of Drug Prevention
Level 1: Primary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔Primary drug prevention programs refer to a
very broad range of activities aimed at reducing the risk of drug use among non-users and
assuring continued non-use. The emphasis of primary drug prevention programs are aimed at
either nonusers who need to be "inoculated" against potential drug use and helping at-risk
individuals avoid the development of addictive behaviors. Often targeted to at-risk individuals,
neighborhoods, communities, and families.
Levels of Drug Prevention
Level 1 Factors: - correct answer ✔✔Intrapersonal factors: Affective education, values
clarification, personal and social skills development (assertiveness and refusal skills), drug
information and education
