NETWORK SECURITY CYBER DEFENSE
PRINCIPLES EXAM PAPER 2026
◉ Which OSI layer is responsible for organizing how bits are passed
over the physical layer between devices within the same collision
domain?
a. Frame
b. Connection
c. Transport
d. Data Link
Answer: Data Link
◉ Which OSI layer would define the scope of a protocol that makes
sure packets of data are received correctly and resends them if they
are not?
a. Validation
b. Transmission
c. Transport
d. Connection
,Answer: Transport
◉ Which protocol suite performs functions of OSI layer 4?
a. IPX
b. MAC
c. CSMA/CD
d. TCP
Answer: TCP
◉ Which type of Ethernet cable can maintain 10Gbps transmission
speeds through the course of its maximum 100-meter length?
a. CAT 5e
b. CAT 5
c. CAT 3
d. CAT 6a
Answer: CAT 6a
◉ Which Internet access technology uses ordinary telephone wires
for data transmission?
,a. DSL
b. Cable
c. Wi-Fi
d. Hotspot
Answer: DSL
◉ Which device is used to organize network cables as they run
between switches and other network devices?
a. Jack
b. Hub
c. Patch Panel
d. Router
Answer: Patch Panel
◉ Which network device is used to connect two or more network
segments by performing OSI layer 3 functions like packet-
forwarding?
a. Router
b. Repeater
c. Wire
, d. Switch
Answer: Router
◉ Which network device is used to convert between digital
information from a LAN and analog signals for transmission over a
standard telephone wire?
a. Repeater
b. Modem
c. Signal Generator
d. Bit Stretcher
Answer: Modem
◉ Which device could be used to send commands to the mainframe
for remote execution in early mainframe installations?
a. Distributed Screens
b. Dumb Terminals
c. Execution Displays
d. Command Receivers
Answer: Dumb Terminals
PRINCIPLES EXAM PAPER 2026
◉ Which OSI layer is responsible for organizing how bits are passed
over the physical layer between devices within the same collision
domain?
a. Frame
b. Connection
c. Transport
d. Data Link
Answer: Data Link
◉ Which OSI layer would define the scope of a protocol that makes
sure packets of data are received correctly and resends them if they
are not?
a. Validation
b. Transmission
c. Transport
d. Connection
,Answer: Transport
◉ Which protocol suite performs functions of OSI layer 4?
a. IPX
b. MAC
c. CSMA/CD
d. TCP
Answer: TCP
◉ Which type of Ethernet cable can maintain 10Gbps transmission
speeds through the course of its maximum 100-meter length?
a. CAT 5e
b. CAT 5
c. CAT 3
d. CAT 6a
Answer: CAT 6a
◉ Which Internet access technology uses ordinary telephone wires
for data transmission?
,a. DSL
b. Cable
c. Wi-Fi
d. Hotspot
Answer: DSL
◉ Which device is used to organize network cables as they run
between switches and other network devices?
a. Jack
b. Hub
c. Patch Panel
d. Router
Answer: Patch Panel
◉ Which network device is used to connect two or more network
segments by performing OSI layer 3 functions like packet-
forwarding?
a. Router
b. Repeater
c. Wire
, d. Switch
Answer: Router
◉ Which network device is used to convert between digital
information from a LAN and analog signals for transmission over a
standard telephone wire?
a. Repeater
b. Modem
c. Signal Generator
d. Bit Stretcher
Answer: Modem
◉ Which device could be used to send commands to the mainframe
for remote execution in early mainframe installations?
a. Distributed Screens
b. Dumb Terminals
c. Execution Displays
d. Command Receivers
Answer: Dumb Terminals
