The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client diagnosed with 4.Dysphagia is a common problem of clients diagnosed with multiple
multiple sclerosis. Which clinical manifestation warrants sclerosis,and this places the client at risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients
immediate intervention? diagnosed with multiple sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk for
pneumonia.
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity. 1. These are clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis and are expected.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia. 2. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
3. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) 1.The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow virus is
states, "I don't understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may also beat fault.
it genetic?" On which statement should the nurse base the A genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X may be
response? involved.
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but
the disease may be caused by a virus. 2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in developing
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any MS.
chromosomal involvement in developing MS. 3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive or
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so dominant.
both parents had to have the gene for the client to get MS. 4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant
gene on the Y chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on.
, The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints 3.These are clinical manifestation of MS and can go un diagnosed for years be-
of numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the cause of the remitting-relapsing nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty
extremities, and double vision which has occurred two(2) swallowing are other symptoms of MS.
times in the month. Which question is most important for
the nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your 1. MS does not affect the menstrual cycle.
menstrual cycle?" 2. A rash across the bridge of the nose suggests systemic lupus erythematosus
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your 4. Taking birth control medications should not produce these symptoms or the
nose?" pattern of occurrence.
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems
swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent
conception?"
The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute 2.This is stating a fact and offering self. Both are therapeutic techniques for
exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client conversations.
crying. Which statement is the most therapeutic response
for the nurse to make?
1. "Why are you crying?The medication will help the 1. "Why" is requesting an explanation, and the client does not owe the nurse an
disease." explanation.
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for 3. The client did not ask about the nature of MS. The client needs to be able to
awhile." verbalize feelings.
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and 4. This is "passing the buck." Therapeutic communication is an integral part of
bad times." nursing.
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a
while."
multiple sclerosis. Which clinical manifestation warrants sclerosis,and this places the client at risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients
immediate intervention? diagnosed with multiple sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk for
pneumonia.
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity. 1. These are clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis and are expected.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia. 2. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
3. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) 1.The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow virus is
states, "I don't understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may also beat fault.
it genetic?" On which statement should the nurse base the A genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X may be
response? involved.
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but
the disease may be caused by a virus. 2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in developing
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any MS.
chromosomal involvement in developing MS. 3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive or
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so dominant.
both parents had to have the gene for the client to get MS. 4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant
gene on the Y chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on.
, The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints 3.These are clinical manifestation of MS and can go un diagnosed for years be-
of numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the cause of the remitting-relapsing nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty
extremities, and double vision which has occurred two(2) swallowing are other symptoms of MS.
times in the month. Which question is most important for
the nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your 1. MS does not affect the menstrual cycle.
menstrual cycle?" 2. A rash across the bridge of the nose suggests systemic lupus erythematosus
2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your 4. Taking birth control medications should not produce these symptoms or the
nose?" pattern of occurrence.
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems
swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent
conception?"
The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute 2.This is stating a fact and offering self. Both are therapeutic techniques for
exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client conversations.
crying. Which statement is the most therapeutic response
for the nurse to make?
1. "Why are you crying?The medication will help the 1. "Why" is requesting an explanation, and the client does not owe the nurse an
disease." explanation.
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for 3. The client did not ask about the nature of MS. The client needs to be able to
awhile." verbalize feelings.
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and 4. This is "passing the buck." Therapeutic communication is an integral part of
bad times." nursing.
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a
while."
