National Pilates Certification Exam Latest
Questions and Answers | Professional Prep |
Grade A+
• hyaline cartilage . ANSWER: Most common type of cartilage; it is found on the
ends of long bones, ribs, and nose
• elastic cartilage . ANSWER: cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible
than hyaline cartilage. EARS
• fibro cartilage . ANSWER: JOINTS/LIGAMENTS
• Ligaments . ANSWER: Connect bone to bone
• Tendon . ANSWER: Connects muscle to bone
• fascia . ANSWER: a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers,
supports, and separates muscle. CONNECTIVE TISSUE HOLDING ORGANS,
BLOOD VESSEL, NERVE FIBER, MUSCLES IN PLACE
• Muscle functions . ANSWER: producing movement, maintaining posture,
stabilizing joints, generating heat
• MUSCLE FUNCTION AGAINST . ANSWER: MUSCLE DOING WORK
• MUSCLE FUNCTION ANTAGONISTS . ANSWER: DOES OPPOSITE
ACTION. EX: GLUE MAX AGAINST FLEXORS
• SYNERGIST . ANSWER: MUSCLES THAT WORK TOGETHER
• muscle contraction . ANSWER: the tensioning of the muscle during shortening
(concentric), lengthening (eccentric), or no motion (isometric)
• CONCENTRIC . ANSWER: BICEP CURL - MUSCLE SHORTENED
• ESSENTRIC . ANSWER: LOWERING BICEP CURL. MUSCLE
LENGTHENED
, • lordosis . ANSWER: abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back
condition)
• kyphosis . ANSWER: excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing
hunching of the back. HUNCHBACK
• Swayback . ANSWER: common term for lordosis
• Hyperlordosis . ANSWER: exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature (swayback)
• scolisis . ANSWER: abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
• Cobb angle . ANSWER: Measured to define scoliosis. > 10° is needed for dx.
• vargus deformity . ANSWER: BOWLEGGED
• vulgus and varus . ANSWER: a deformity involving oblique displacement of part
of a limb away from the midline.
• Valgus . ANSWER: Outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint,
as in knock-knees (TIP: VALGUM)
• anterior cruciate ligament . ANSWER: A ligament in the knee that attaches to the
anterior aspect of the tibial plateau. restricting anterior movement of the tibia on
the femur
• ACL INJURY . ANSWER: 10 WEEK PT, NO FEET IN STRAPS OR LEG
SPRINGS
• Facet Joint Syndrome . ANSWER: ARTHITIS. Degeneration of the facet joints
may be of mechanical or inflammatory origin and can be a major source of back
pain
• FACET JOINT SYNDROME - ARTHRITIS . ANSWER: NO SPINAL
FLEXION OR VERTICAL LOADING. NO STRAIGHT LEG RAISE OR
STRONG SPINAL ROTATION
• spondylolisthesis . ANSWER: forward slipping of one vertebra over another
• spondylolisthesis PRECAUTIONS . ANSWER: AVOID EXTENSION
Questions and Answers | Professional Prep |
Grade A+
• hyaline cartilage . ANSWER: Most common type of cartilage; it is found on the
ends of long bones, ribs, and nose
• elastic cartilage . ANSWER: cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible
than hyaline cartilage. EARS
• fibro cartilage . ANSWER: JOINTS/LIGAMENTS
• Ligaments . ANSWER: Connect bone to bone
• Tendon . ANSWER: Connects muscle to bone
• fascia . ANSWER: a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers,
supports, and separates muscle. CONNECTIVE TISSUE HOLDING ORGANS,
BLOOD VESSEL, NERVE FIBER, MUSCLES IN PLACE
• Muscle functions . ANSWER: producing movement, maintaining posture,
stabilizing joints, generating heat
• MUSCLE FUNCTION AGAINST . ANSWER: MUSCLE DOING WORK
• MUSCLE FUNCTION ANTAGONISTS . ANSWER: DOES OPPOSITE
ACTION. EX: GLUE MAX AGAINST FLEXORS
• SYNERGIST . ANSWER: MUSCLES THAT WORK TOGETHER
• muscle contraction . ANSWER: the tensioning of the muscle during shortening
(concentric), lengthening (eccentric), or no motion (isometric)
• CONCENTRIC . ANSWER: BICEP CURL - MUSCLE SHORTENED
• ESSENTRIC . ANSWER: LOWERING BICEP CURL. MUSCLE
LENGTHENED
, • lordosis . ANSWER: abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back
condition)
• kyphosis . ANSWER: excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing
hunching of the back. HUNCHBACK
• Swayback . ANSWER: common term for lordosis
• Hyperlordosis . ANSWER: exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature (swayback)
• scolisis . ANSWER: abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
• Cobb angle . ANSWER: Measured to define scoliosis. > 10° is needed for dx.
• vargus deformity . ANSWER: BOWLEGGED
• vulgus and varus . ANSWER: a deformity involving oblique displacement of part
of a limb away from the midline.
• Valgus . ANSWER: Outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint,
as in knock-knees (TIP: VALGUM)
• anterior cruciate ligament . ANSWER: A ligament in the knee that attaches to the
anterior aspect of the tibial plateau. restricting anterior movement of the tibia on
the femur
• ACL INJURY . ANSWER: 10 WEEK PT, NO FEET IN STRAPS OR LEG
SPRINGS
• Facet Joint Syndrome . ANSWER: ARTHITIS. Degeneration of the facet joints
may be of mechanical or inflammatory origin and can be a major source of back
pain
• FACET JOINT SYNDROME - ARTHRITIS . ANSWER: NO SPINAL
FLEXION OR VERTICAL LOADING. NO STRAIGHT LEG RAISE OR
STRONG SPINAL ROTATION
• spondylolisthesis . ANSWER: forward slipping of one vertebra over another
• spondylolisthesis PRECAUTIONS . ANSWER: AVOID EXTENSION
