Terms in this set (105)
chemistry The study of matter and its interactions.
biochemistry The branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and
related to living organisms.
matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
compound A substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded
together.
four most abundant elements in the human body Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
elements and atoms relationship Elements are pure substances that consist of only one type of atom.
major parts of an atom Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, while electrons are found
in the electron shells.
,protons and neutrons Protons are positively charged particles, while neutrons have no charge.
complete atom neutrality A complete atom is electrically neutral because it has an equal number of
protons and electrons.
atomic number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
atomic weight The average mass of an atom of an element, measured in atomic mass
units (amu).
isotope Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but
different numbers of neutrons.
atomic radiation Energy emitted from the nucleus of an unstable atom as it decays.
molecules and compounds relationship Molecules are formed when two or more atoms bond together, and
compounds are specific types of molecules that contain at least two
different elements.
, electron distribution in shells Electrons are distributed in energy levels or shells around the nucleus of
an atom.
chemically inert atoms Atoms that have a full outer shell of electrons and do not readily react
with other atoms.
ionic bond An ionic bond forms when ions with opposite electrical charges attract.
covalent bond A covalent bond forms when atoms share electrons.
single vs double covalent bond A single covalent bond involves one pair of shared electrons, while a
double covalent bond involves two pairs of shared electrons.
molecular formula vs structural formula A molecular formula shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule,
while a structural formula shows the arrangement of those atoms.
hydrogen bond formation A hydrogen bond forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an
electronegative atom is attracted to another electronegative atom.
chemistry The study of matter and its interactions.
biochemistry The branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and
related to living organisms.
matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
compound A substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded
together.
four most abundant elements in the human body Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
elements and atoms relationship Elements are pure substances that consist of only one type of atom.
major parts of an atom Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, while electrons are found
in the electron shells.
,protons and neutrons Protons are positively charged particles, while neutrons have no charge.
complete atom neutrality A complete atom is electrically neutral because it has an equal number of
protons and electrons.
atomic number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
atomic weight The average mass of an atom of an element, measured in atomic mass
units (amu).
isotope Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but
different numbers of neutrons.
atomic radiation Energy emitted from the nucleus of an unstable atom as it decays.
molecules and compounds relationship Molecules are formed when two or more atoms bond together, and
compounds are specific types of molecules that contain at least two
different elements.
, electron distribution in shells Electrons are distributed in energy levels or shells around the nucleus of
an atom.
chemically inert atoms Atoms that have a full outer shell of electrons and do not readily react
with other atoms.
ionic bond An ionic bond forms when ions with opposite electrical charges attract.
covalent bond A covalent bond forms when atoms share electrons.
single vs double covalent bond A single covalent bond involves one pair of shared electrons, while a
double covalent bond involves two pairs of shared electrons.
molecular formula vs structural formula A molecular formula shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule,
while a structural formula shows the arrangement of those atoms.
hydrogen bond formation A hydrogen bond forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an
electronegative atom is attracted to another electronegative atom.
