CETP Exam Prep Questions with Correct Answers 2026

CETP-SpeechSoundDevelopment& x x x x x




Disorders Questions withCorrect x x x x




Answers2025 x




Whatisthedifferencebetweenarticulationandphonology?-CORRECTANSWER-- Articulation
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is the production of individual sounds ("surface").
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-Phonologyistheknowledge ofalanguage'ssound systemandpatterns("underlying").
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Whatdoesmarkedandunmarkedmeaninthecontextofspeechsounddevelopment?-
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CORRECT ANSWER -
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ThetermunmarkedreferstosoundsthatBareeasiertoacquire,whilemarkedarenotanddevel op later
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(cross-linguistically).
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Whatisadistinctivefeaturesparadigm?-CORRECTANSWER--
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Adistinctivefeatureisauniquecharacteristicofaphonemethatdistinguishesitfromanother.
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- Itisabinary systemwhereeach sound is[+/-] acertain feature (e.g.,voicing, stridency).
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- Canbeusedtodescribeboth vowelsand consonants
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Whatistheplace-manner-voiceparadigm?-CORRECTANSWER- Used to
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describe only consonants by:
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-
Placeofarticulation:bilabial,labiodental,interdental,alveolar,palatal,velar,pharyngeal,glottal
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.

- Mannerofarticulation:stops,fricatives,affricates,glides,liquids x x x x x x x




- Voicing



Whatisthebehaviouraltheoryofarticulatoryacquisition?-CORRECTANSWER--
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Speechsoundsareacquired likeanyother skill- throughclassicconditioningand learning.
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, - Achild'sbabbling iscontinuous andgraduallyshapes intoadultforms.
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What is the structural theory of articulatory acquisition? - CORRECT ANSWER -- A
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child begins with maximal contrasts (e.g.,/p/and /a/) anddifferentiates/fine- tunes
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them into more subtle contrasts
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- Thisdevelopmentisinnate,universal,andhierarchical
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- Thereisdiscontinuitybetween childand adultforms.
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Whatisthe theoryofnaturalphonology? -CORRECT ANSWER--
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Phonologicalprocessesare innate, andwelearnto suppressthosethatdo notoccurinourtarg et x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x




languages.
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Childrenhavetheserepresentationsbutanyerrorsareduetooutputconstraints(e.g.,anatomy
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)thatlead to asimplified version of theadult model.
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Whatisthetheoryof generativephonology?-CORRECT ANSWER--
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Phonologicaldescriptionsarebasedoninformationfromotherlinguisticlevels. x x x x x x x x x




- Transformationalrulesexplainthedifferencebetweenunderlyingandsurfacerepresentations. x x x x x x x x x




Whatisthetheoryof linear/non-linearphonology?-CORRECT ANSWER--
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Linearphonology:soundsarediscrete,independentsetsof featuresandon thesamelevel(equ al).
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- Non-
linearphonology:soundsandsupralinguisticvariables(stress,tone,prosody)arearrangedinah
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ierarchy.
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Whatisthephonation stageofspeechproduction?-CORRECTANSWER-- Between
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the ages of 0-1 months.
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- Reflexivevocalizations(burping,coughing,crying);nospeechsounds.
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