WGUC785 FinalExam Q&A LatestVersion 2026/27

WGUC785
FinalExam
Q&A
LatestVersion
2026/27

,WGUC785 FINALEXAM 2025 (100% CORRECT)

WhatLisLtheLbasicLstructureLofLanLaminoLacid?LWhatLdoLtheyLlookLlike?L-
Lcorrect answerLaminoLgroupL(NH2LorLNH3),LcarboxylLgroupL(COOLorLCOOH),LalphaLc

arbonL (C),LandLvariableLgroup

HowLdoLyouLidentifyLtheL3LdifferentLtypesLofLsideLchains:Lnon-
polar/hydrophobic,L polar,LandLcharged?L-LcorrectLanswerLNon-polar/hydrophobicL-
LendLwithLCHLorL"can't have"Lwater.LPolarL-LendLwithLOH,LSH,LorLNH.LChargedL-

LendLwithLaLcharge




whatLkindsLofLbondsLdoLeachLofLtheL3LdifferentLtypesLofLsideLchainsLmake?L-
Lcorrect Lanswer ionic,Lhydrophobic/non-polar,Lcharged

WhatLareLtheL4LlevelsLofLproteinLstructure?L-LcorrectLanswerLPrimaryL-
Llinear Lstructure,LSecondaryL-

LFoldedLintoLhelixLorLpleatedLsheetLcausedLbyLhydrogen bonding,LtertiaryL-
L3DLstructureLcausedLbyLsideLchainLinteractions,LquaternaryL-

L1+ LaminoLacidLchainsLcombineL=LmultipleLsubunitsLMUSTLhaveL1+Lsubunit




WhatLenviormentalLchangeLbreaksLeachLtypeLofLbond?L-
LcorrectLanswer LhydrophobicL-LtemperatureLchange,LionicL-

LsaltLorLdecreasedLpH,LhydrogenL- Ltemperature,LchangeLinLpH,LdisulfideL-

LreducingLagents




whatLtypeLofLaminoLacidLsideLchainLleadsLtoLproteinLaggregration?L-
LcorrectLanswer LhydrophobicLbonds




howLdoLenvironmentalLchangesLaffectLproteinLfolding?L-LcorrectLanswer
Extreme
LtempLcanLcauseLhydrogenLbondsLtoLbreakLapartL=LmalformationLofLproteinLfolding




howLdoLmutationsLaffectLproteinLstructure?L-
LcorrectLanswerLCanLcauseLstructureLto Lchange.LProteinLlosesLformL=LlosesLfunction.LM

ayLformLaLdifferentLprotein.

WhatLisLanLelectron?L-
LcorrectLanswerLNegativelyLchargedLatomLonLouterLringLfor bonding




WhatLisLenergy:L-LcorrectLanswerL PowerLderivedLfroLchemicalLinteraction

whatLareLcovalentLbonds?L-
LcorrectLanswerLchemicalLbond,LatomsLshareL1+Lvalence Lelectrons




whatLisLanLionicLbond?L-LcorrectLanswerL bondLbetweenLpositiveLandLnegative

whatLisLaLhydrogenLbond?L-LcorrectLanswerLweakLbondLbetweenLpositiveLandLnegative

, withLanLamino?L-LcorrectLanswerL pieceLofLaminoLacid,LNH2LorLNH3

whatLisLaLcarboyxl?L-LcorrectLanswerL pieceLofLaminoLacid,LCOOLorLCOOH

WhatLisLhydrophobic?L-LcorrectLanswer Doesn'tLlikeLwater,LendLwithLCH

whatLisLhydrophilic?L-LcorrectLanswerL WaterLloving,LendLwithLOH,LNH,LorLSH

whatLisLdisulfideLbond?L-LcorrectLanswer
strongestLbondLbetweenLreductionLagents,
formedLbetweenLSH's.

whatLareLzwitterions?L- correctLanswer
aminoLwithLpositiveLandLnegativeLchargesL=
overallLchargeLofLzero

whatLisLaLpolypeptideL- LcorrectLanswerL polymerLofLaminoLacids

WhatLisLdehydrationLsynthesis?L-LcorrectLanswer ProcessLofLformingLpeptideLbonds

whatLisLhydrolysis?L-LcorrectLanswerL addingLwaterLtoLdestroyLbonds

whatLisLanLalphaLhelix?L-LcorrectLanswer
twistedLsecondaryLstructure,LformedLby
hydrogenLbonds

whatLisLaLbetaLsheet?L-LcorrectLanswer
foldedLsecondLstructureLshape,LformedLby L

hydrogenLbonds

whatLisLdenaturation?L-LcorrectLanswer
lossLofLshapeLduetLoLinterruptionLofLchemical
bonds;LoccursLviaLextremeLsalt,Ltemp,LpH

whatLisLaggregation?L-
LcorrectLanswerLclumpingLofLinnerLorLouterLcellularLproteins causedLbyLmisfoldedLprotein

sLleadingLtoLdiseasesLsuchLasLAlzheimers,LALS, LParkinson's

howLdoLenzymesLcatalyzeLreactions?L-
LcorrectLanswerLbindLwithLsubstratesLto LdecreaseLactivationLenergyLrequiredLandLdecre

aseLreactionLrate

howLdoLenzymesLaffectLreactionLrateLandLactivationLenergy?L-
LcorrectLanswer decreaseLactivationLenergyLandLdecreaseLreactionLrate




whatLareLtheL4LstepsLofLtheLenzymaticLcycle?L-LcorrectLanswer
enzymeLrecognizes
substrate,LsubstrateLattractsLtheLenzyme;Lenzyme-
L

substrateLcomplexLisLformed; Lenzyme-
productLcomplexLformed;LproductLisLreleased,LenzymeLrecycled

howLdoLenvironmentalLchangesLaffectLenzymes?L-
LcorrectLanswerLHighLheat,LpH change,LhighLsaltLconcentration,LandLreducingLagentsL

canLcauseLanLenzymeLtoLlose itsLform/loseLfunction