ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS COMBINED WRITTEN BOARDS ACTUAL
EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE – EXPERT VERIFIED QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS
A complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion -ANSWER-A. Knee extension
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? -ANSWER-the femoral nerve
what is the primary flexor of the hip? -ANSWER-Iliopsoas
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -ANSWER-
common peroneal nerve
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle -ANSWER-Equinus deformity
what is a cycle of gait defined as? -ANSWER-heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel
strike on the ipsilateral side
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis -ANSWER-C. Line of progression
,what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? -ANSWER-subtalar
joint
what bones make up the talocrural joint? -ANSWER-talus, tibia, fibula
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint? -ANSWER-dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle? -ANSWER-resist over-
eversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle? -ANSWER-resist over-
inversion of the foot
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle? -ANSWER-tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis
longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle? -ANSWER-gastrocnemius, soleus,
plantaris and posterior tibialis
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint) -ANSWER-talus and calcaneus
what joints make up the midtarsal joint? -ANSWER-talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what makes up the talonavicular joint? -ANSWER-the anterior talar head and the concavity
on the navicular
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint? -ANSWER-the anterior facet of the calcaneus and
the posterior cuboid
,what are the Chopart joints? -ANSWER-midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid)
what are the Lisfranc joints? -ANSWER-tarsometatarsal joints
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-1st metatarsal
and medial cuneiform
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-2nd and 3rd
metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms
what makes up the lateral tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-4th and 5th metatarsals and the
cuboid
what motions are produced at the subtalar joint? -ANSWER-inversion and eversion,
dorsiflexion an plantar flexion
what motions are produced at the midtarsal joint? -ANSWER-inversion and eversion. flexion
and extension
what motions are produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints? -ANSWER-flexion and
extension, abduction and adduction
what motions are produced at the IP joints? -ANSWER-flexion and extension
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
, D. shortened step length on contralateral side -ANSWER-D. shortened step length on
contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? -ANSWER-(posterior lower leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor
hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome -ANSWER-cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome -ANSWER-shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome -ANSWER-shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome -ANSWER-elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome -ANSWER-elbow extension, wrist flexion
what is the C8 myotome -ANSWER-thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome -ANSWER-finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome -ANSWER-hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome -ANSWER-knee extension
what is the L4 myotome -ANSWER-ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome -ANSWER-great toe extension
EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE – EXPERT VERIFIED QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS
A complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion -ANSWER-A. Knee extension
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? -ANSWER-the femoral nerve
what is the primary flexor of the hip? -ANSWER-Iliopsoas
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -ANSWER-
common peroneal nerve
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle -ANSWER-Equinus deformity
what is a cycle of gait defined as? -ANSWER-heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel
strike on the ipsilateral side
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis -ANSWER-C. Line of progression
,what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? -ANSWER-subtalar
joint
what bones make up the talocrural joint? -ANSWER-talus, tibia, fibula
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint? -ANSWER-dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle? -ANSWER-resist over-
eversion of the foot
what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle? -ANSWER-resist over-
inversion of the foot
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle? -ANSWER-tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis
longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle? -ANSWER-gastrocnemius, soleus,
plantaris and posterior tibialis
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint) -ANSWER-talus and calcaneus
what joints make up the midtarsal joint? -ANSWER-talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what makes up the talonavicular joint? -ANSWER-the anterior talar head and the concavity
on the navicular
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint? -ANSWER-the anterior facet of the calcaneus and
the posterior cuboid
,what are the Chopart joints? -ANSWER-midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid)
what are the Lisfranc joints? -ANSWER-tarsometatarsal joints
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-1st metatarsal
and medial cuneiform
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-2nd and 3rd
metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms
what makes up the lateral tarsometatarsal joints? -ANSWER-4th and 5th metatarsals and the
cuboid
what motions are produced at the subtalar joint? -ANSWER-inversion and eversion,
dorsiflexion an plantar flexion
what motions are produced at the midtarsal joint? -ANSWER-inversion and eversion. flexion
and extension
what motions are produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints? -ANSWER-flexion and
extension, abduction and adduction
what motions are produced at the IP joints? -ANSWER-flexion and extension
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
, D. shortened step length on contralateral side -ANSWER-D. shortened step length on
contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? -ANSWER-(posterior lower leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor
hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome -ANSWER-cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome -ANSWER-shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome -ANSWER-shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome -ANSWER-elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome -ANSWER-elbow extension, wrist flexion
what is the C8 myotome -ANSWER-thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome -ANSWER-finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome -ANSWER-hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome -ANSWER-knee extension
what is the L4 myotome -ANSWER-ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome -ANSWER-great toe extension
