PRINCIPLES NUR 210 VERIFIED
VERSION OF {2026-2027} EXAM With
comprehensive Questions and Well
Elaborated Correct Answers GRADED
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,drug response - correct ans:the intensity of the drug response is directly related to the concentration of
the drug at the SITE OF ACTION
Goal is to:
- maximize the beneficial effects- concentration high enough for desired response
- minimize harm- avoid to high a concentration
Three phases of drug action - correct ans:1. pharmaceutic phase (dissolution)
2. pharmacokinetic phase (drug moving through the body)
3. pharmacodynamic phase (what the drug does to the body)
1. pharmaceutic phase - correct ans:the drug goes into solution
- Dissolution: the process by which a drug goes into solution and becomes available for absorption
- must be dissolved before it can be absorbed
- most absorption takes place in the small intestine
2. pharmacokinetic phase: four processes - correct ans:"what the BODY does to the drug"
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism/ biotransformation
- exertion
pharmacokinetic phase: Absorption - correct ans:(small intestine) the movement of a drug from its site
of administration into the blood
pharmacokinetic phase: Distribution - correct ans:drug moves from blood --> cell membrane
, pharmacokinetic phase: Metabolism/biotransformation - correct ans:lipid soluble metabolite (liver) --> a
water soluble metabolite
pharmacokinetic phase: Excretion - correct ans:water soluble metabolite (kidneys)
liver - correct ans:breaks down the drug
kidneys - correct ans:excretes the drug
Pharmacokinetic phase movement process - correct ans:orally --> stomach --> SI --> bloodstream --> site
of action --> liver (broken down) --> kidneys (excreted)
IV --> bloodstream --> cite of action --> liver --> kidneys
drugs crossing the cell membranes phospholipid cell layer - correct ans:-drugs must be LIPID SOLUBLE in
order to pass through the membrane
- WATER SOLUBLE drugs penetrate the cell membrane through channels and pores
Absorption
1. direct penetration of the membranes
2. channels and pores
3. transport systems - correct ans:the movement of a drug from its site of administration to the blood
How do drugs cross membranes?
1. Direct penetration of the membranes - correct ans:- use by MOST drugs
- most drugs to large to pass thru channels and pores
- most drugs lack transport systems