BCIT - TEST 1 - CARDIAC
REHABILITATION - CARD 3280 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Define Cardiac Rehabilitation - ANS 1. "The enhancement and maintenance of cardiovascular
(CV) health through individualized programs designed to optimize physical, psychological, social,
vocational, and emotional status. This process includes the facilitation and delivery of secondary
prevention through risk factor identification and modification in an effort to prevent disease
progression and the recurrence of cardiac events".
2. The sum total of all interventions, physiological and behavioural, designed to favourably
modify an individual's lifestyle and enhance adherence and compliance with long-term
behaviours compatible with minimizing disease progression."
Define Chronic Disease - ANS prolonged conditions that often do not improve and are rarely
(if ever) cured completely.
atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes, depression, and congestive heart failure,
Chronic Disease Management - ANS This is done through prevention, early detection,
education and management of chronic diseases.
Co-morbidity - ANS the simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a
patient
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,metabolic syndrome - ANS A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a
group of factors (as high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL
levels, and high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular
disease and Type 2 diabetes.
Primary Prevention - ANS interventions to prevent a cardiac event or diagnosis before one
has ever occurred. It usually involves education around reduction of the risk factors of
cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Risk Factors - ANS behaviours, characteristics or conditions that, grouped together, can
increase a patient's risk of developing or worsening a disease.
Secondary Prevention - ANS treatment interventions that occur after a patient has been
given a diagnosis of CVD or after a cardiac event. Here the goal is to prevent re-occurrence of
another event, complications, or worsening of the disease process.
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor of cardiovascular disease? -
ANS a)Inactivity or lack of exercise
b)Current cigarette smoker
c)Positive hereditary component***
d)Eating high cholesterol and fatty foods
e)Excessive alcohol consumption
Cardiovascular disease is a chronic disease, and the treatment using cardiac rehabilitation fits
well into the chronic disease management model. - ANS True
________________ prevention in cardiac rehab involves risk factor reduction and education for
those patients who have never experienced a cardiac event and have not been given a cardiac
diagnosis. - ANS Primary
Cardiac rehab programs are described as exercise programs that assist patients who have had a
cardiac event, do not involve other chronic diseases or co-morbidities, and concentrate solely
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,on the exercise. Further risk factor modification is carried out by the patient's Family Doctor. -
ANS False
Contemporary, comprehensive programs in cardiac rehab can significantly improve chronic care
disease outcomes with respect to clinical, behavioural, health and education outcomes. -
ANS True
From the following list, identify a potential barrier to meeting risk factor modification goals. -
ANS Lack of patient awareness and education for need of risk factor reduction behaviour
The following list gives examples of common chronic co-morbid conditions that may accompany
a patient's diagnosis of cardiovascular disease:Diabetes, arthritis, kidney disease, a cerebral
vascular accident, emphysema, osteoporosis, dementia - ANS True
Which group from the following list could be thought of as a major sign or symptom suggestive
of CVD, Metabolic or Renal Disease according to ACSM? - ANS Squeezing ache in the chest
when doing light amounts of exercise
You are admitting a new patient into the program. Her body weight is 142 lbs. and her height is
5'5". What is her Body Mass Index (BMI)? - ANS 23.6
BMI conversion (Kg/M^2) - ANS Weight lbs x 0.453 , Height Inches x 0.0254.
asymptomatic - ANS having no symptoms or signs of illness or disease
Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) grading of angina - ANS Grade I - Ordinary physical
activity causes no angina, such as walking and stairs.
Grade II - Slight limitation of ordinary activity
Grade III - Marked limitation of ordinary physical activity
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, Grade IV - Inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort
Bruce protocol treadmill test - ANS Is the most common graded exercise tolerance test.
Ischemia - ANS a condition where there is inadequate or restricted blood supply or
circulation to an area of the body that results in corresponding decreased oxygen to the cells.
MET levels - ANS metabolic equivalent of energy value. It is the ratio of the amount of
metabolic energy required to perform a certain exercise to the amount of metabolic energy
required to maintain the body at rest.
Light: <3 METs
Moderate: 3-6 METs
Vigorous: >6 METs
Preparticipation Health Screening - ANS A process to assess a patient's medical status and
readiness for activity prior to admission to an exercise program or an increase in the intensity of
their current exercise program.
Risk Stratification - ANS a tool for identifying and predicting which patients are high risk
Cardiometabolic Fitness Score testing - ANS 1. Initial patient screening intake and assessment
2. Calculation of Cardio-fitness using GXT and Duke Score
3. Determination of metabolic fitness using Framingham tool
4. Calculation of risk category based on patient's cardiometabolic fitness score
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 31
REHABILITATION - CARD 3280 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Define Cardiac Rehabilitation - ANS 1. "The enhancement and maintenance of cardiovascular
(CV) health through individualized programs designed to optimize physical, psychological, social,
vocational, and emotional status. This process includes the facilitation and delivery of secondary
prevention through risk factor identification and modification in an effort to prevent disease
progression and the recurrence of cardiac events".
2. The sum total of all interventions, physiological and behavioural, designed to favourably
modify an individual's lifestyle and enhance adherence and compliance with long-term
behaviours compatible with minimizing disease progression."
Define Chronic Disease - ANS prolonged conditions that often do not improve and are rarely
(if ever) cured completely.
atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes, depression, and congestive heart failure,
Chronic Disease Management - ANS This is done through prevention, early detection,
education and management of chronic diseases.
Co-morbidity - ANS the simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a
patient
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 31
,metabolic syndrome - ANS A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a
group of factors (as high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL
levels, and high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular
disease and Type 2 diabetes.
Primary Prevention - ANS interventions to prevent a cardiac event or diagnosis before one
has ever occurred. It usually involves education around reduction of the risk factors of
cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Risk Factors - ANS behaviours, characteristics or conditions that, grouped together, can
increase a patient's risk of developing or worsening a disease.
Secondary Prevention - ANS treatment interventions that occur after a patient has been
given a diagnosis of CVD or after a cardiac event. Here the goal is to prevent re-occurrence of
another event, complications, or worsening of the disease process.
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor of cardiovascular disease? -
ANS a)Inactivity or lack of exercise
b)Current cigarette smoker
c)Positive hereditary component***
d)Eating high cholesterol and fatty foods
e)Excessive alcohol consumption
Cardiovascular disease is a chronic disease, and the treatment using cardiac rehabilitation fits
well into the chronic disease management model. - ANS True
________________ prevention in cardiac rehab involves risk factor reduction and education for
those patients who have never experienced a cardiac event and have not been given a cardiac
diagnosis. - ANS Primary
Cardiac rehab programs are described as exercise programs that assist patients who have had a
cardiac event, do not involve other chronic diseases or co-morbidities, and concentrate solely
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 31
,on the exercise. Further risk factor modification is carried out by the patient's Family Doctor. -
ANS False
Contemporary, comprehensive programs in cardiac rehab can significantly improve chronic care
disease outcomes with respect to clinical, behavioural, health and education outcomes. -
ANS True
From the following list, identify a potential barrier to meeting risk factor modification goals. -
ANS Lack of patient awareness and education for need of risk factor reduction behaviour
The following list gives examples of common chronic co-morbid conditions that may accompany
a patient's diagnosis of cardiovascular disease:Diabetes, arthritis, kidney disease, a cerebral
vascular accident, emphysema, osteoporosis, dementia - ANS True
Which group from the following list could be thought of as a major sign or symptom suggestive
of CVD, Metabolic or Renal Disease according to ACSM? - ANS Squeezing ache in the chest
when doing light amounts of exercise
You are admitting a new patient into the program. Her body weight is 142 lbs. and her height is
5'5". What is her Body Mass Index (BMI)? - ANS 23.6
BMI conversion (Kg/M^2) - ANS Weight lbs x 0.453 , Height Inches x 0.0254.
asymptomatic - ANS having no symptoms or signs of illness or disease
Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) grading of angina - ANS Grade I - Ordinary physical
activity causes no angina, such as walking and stairs.
Grade II - Slight limitation of ordinary activity
Grade III - Marked limitation of ordinary physical activity
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 31
, Grade IV - Inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort
Bruce protocol treadmill test - ANS Is the most common graded exercise tolerance test.
Ischemia - ANS a condition where there is inadequate or restricted blood supply or
circulation to an area of the body that results in corresponding decreased oxygen to the cells.
MET levels - ANS metabolic equivalent of energy value. It is the ratio of the amount of
metabolic energy required to perform a certain exercise to the amount of metabolic energy
required to maintain the body at rest.
Light: <3 METs
Moderate: 3-6 METs
Vigorous: >6 METs
Preparticipation Health Screening - ANS A process to assess a patient's medical status and
readiness for activity prior to admission to an exercise program or an increase in the intensity of
their current exercise program.
Risk Stratification - ANS a tool for identifying and predicting which patients are high risk
Cardiometabolic Fitness Score testing - ANS 1. Initial patient screening intake and assessment
2. Calculation of Cardio-fitness using GXT and Duke Score
3. Determination of metabolic fitness using Framingham tool
4. Calculation of risk category based on patient's cardiometabolic fitness score
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 31
