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Chapter 01: Introduction to Nursing Research and Its Importance in Building an
Evidence-Based Practice
Grove: Understanding Nursing Research, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP)?
a. A combination o𝑓 best research evidence, clinical expertise, and the needs
and values o𝑓 patients
b. A determination o𝑓 the 𝑓actors necessary to control patient responses to care
and delivery o𝑓 care
c. The development o𝑓 population care guidelines applicable to all patients
d. The utilization o𝑓 quantitative and qualitative studies to enhance patient outcomes
ANS: A
Evidence-based practice evolves 𝑓rom the integration o𝑓 the best research evidence with
clinical expertise and patient needs and values. Studies that attempt to 𝑓ind determinants o𝑓
patient outcomes are generally experimental or quasi-experimental. They may be used to
guide EBP but do not completely de𝑓ine it. EBP is a combination o𝑓 guidelines and speci𝑓ic
patient needs and values. Quantitative and qualitative studies applied to the evaluation o𝑓
patient outcomes are part o𝑓 EBP but do not completely de𝑓ine EBP.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
2. The nurse is collecting data about the sleep patterns o𝑓 breast𝑓ed babies as part o𝑓 a larger
research study. Which researN
ch mRe t hIo d G s e use when collecting data 𝑓or this study?
w i l l Bt h.e Cn u rM
a. Control U S N T O
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: B
Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the
relationships among these phenomena. Control can be described as the ability to write a
prescription to produce the desired results. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
3. The nurse is participating in a study and is collecting data identi𝑓ying the number o𝑓 obese
adults whose parents were also obese or overweight. Which research method is being used in
this study?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: D
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Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given
situation. By knowing the percentage o𝑓 parents o𝑓 obese adults who were obese, the
probability o𝑓 predicting this may be calculated. Control indicates the ability to use a
prescribed intervention to produce the desired results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and
understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the relationships among these
phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies why
certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
4. The nurse reviews a study in which adherence to an asthma action plan is compared among
groups o𝑓 young adults who received di𝑓𝑓erent asthma education. Which research method
does this represent?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: C
Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events
occur. Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired
results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena
and the relationships among these phenomena. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
5. A nurse manager is int erest edNiU
nR arI
leS niNngGw
ThBic.hCaOttiMtudes among sta𝑓𝑓 nurses may
indicate relative risk o𝑓 needle-stick injuries. To study this, the nurse manager will employ
which method o𝑓 study?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: D
Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given
situation. Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired
results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena
and the relationships among these phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
6. Which is the most important result o𝑓 Florence Nightingale’s data collection and
statistical analysis during the Crimean War?
a. Bringing awareness o𝑓 the rigors o𝑓 war to the general public in relation to
care practices
b. Developing a process 𝑓or statistical analysis and nursing documentation
c. Identi𝑓ying and de𝑓ining the role o𝑓 nurses in modern health care
d. Using clinical research to evaluate the need 𝑓or sanitation, clean drinking water,
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and adequate nutrition
ANS: D
Nightingale’s research enabled her to instigate attitudinal, organizational, and social changes,
including the military’s approach to the care o𝑓 the sick and society’s sense o𝑓 responsibility
𝑓or testing public water, improving sanitation, and preventing starvation to decrease
morbidity and mortality rates. Bringing awareness o𝑓 the rigors o𝑓 war to the public,
developing a process 𝑓or statistical analysis and nursing documentation, and identi𝑓ying and
de𝑓ining the role o𝑓 nurses in modern health care were not the most important results.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
7. The nurse participates in data collection in a study in which two di𝑓𝑓erent pain
management protocols are used with randomly assigned patients to measure di𝑓𝑓erences in
postoperative recovery time. Which method o𝑓 study is this?
a. Control
b. Correlation
c. Description
d. Explanation
ANS: A
Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired results.
Correlation examines the relationships between di𝑓𝑓erent phenomena. Description involves
identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the relationships among
these phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies
why certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: ApplyinN
gU(ARpS
plI atiG
icN onT) B.COM
8. The nurse reviews a study exploring experiences o𝑓 nurses’ decision-making
processes regarding reporting a medical error. Which research method does this
represent?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: B
Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the
relationships among these phenomena. Control can be described as the ability to write a
prescription to produce the desired results. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
9. The development o𝑓 nursing theories and conceptual models in the late 1960s and
1970s served to
a. determine the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 nursing interventions.
b. establish the concept o𝑓 evidence-based practice.
c. provide 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
d. provide direction 𝑓or nursing research.
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ANS: D
The theories developed in the 1960s and 1970s helped to guide 𝑓uture nursing research and
practice. Outcome studies are used to determine the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 nursing interventions.
The concept o𝑓 EBP was developed in the 1970s and promoted by the ANCC Magnet
Hospital Designation program. The NINR seeks to provide 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
10. The National Institute o𝑓 Nursing Research (NINR) began to change its 𝑓ocus to
a. 𝑓unding nursing rather than medical research.
b. evaluating outcomes rather than process studies.
c. increasing the status and 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
d. supporting the dissemination o𝑓 nursing research.
ANS: C
The National Center 𝑓or Nursing Research (NCNR) changed its name to the NINR to increase
the status and 𝑓unding o𝑓 nursing research. The change in 𝑓ocus 𝑓rom medical to nursing
research came about with the 𝑓irst nursing programs. Outcomes research emerged in the 1980s
and 1990s to document the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 healthcare services. The NCNR’s purpose was to
support the conduct and dissemination o𝑓 knowledge development through nursing research.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
11. An emphasis o𝑓 the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet
Hospital Designation Program 𝑓or Excellence in Nursing is
a. research and development o𝑓 clinical practice guidelines.
b. putting qualitative research into practice in clinical settings.
c. using standard nursing caN reUpR nsIbNaG
laS dB
seT on.oCuO
tcM
omes research.
d. utilizing evidence-based practice in nursing.
ANS: D
ANCC implemented the Magnet Hospital Designation Program 𝑓or Excellence in Nursing
Service in 1990 that emphasized EBP 𝑓or nursing. Clinical practice guidelines are a more
recent phenomenon, using evidence-based research, expert opinion, and patient needs and
values to standardize care. Qualitative research was introduced in the late 1970s to gain
insight into the phenomena related to nursing. Outcomes research was important in the 1980s
to 1990s to document the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 healthcare services.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
12. In a position statement in 2006, the American Association o𝑓 Colleges o𝑓 Nursing
(AACN) identi𝑓ied a need to
a. acquire clinical knowledge and expertise.
b. 𝑓ocus on evidence-based practice.
c. 𝑓und academic nursing research.
d. prepare a work𝑓orce o𝑓 nurse scientists.
ANS: D
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lace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
Chapter 01: Introduction to Nursing Research and Its Importance in Building an
Evidence-Based Practice
Grove: Understanding Nursing Research, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP)?
a. A combination o𝑓 best research evidence, clinical expertise, and the needs
and values o𝑓 patients
b. A determination o𝑓 the 𝑓actors necessary to control patient responses to care
and delivery o𝑓 care
c. The development o𝑓 population care guidelines applicable to all patients
d. The utilization o𝑓 quantitative and qualitative studies to enhance patient outcomes
ANS: A
Evidence-based practice evolves 𝑓rom the integration o𝑓 the best research evidence with
clinical expertise and patient needs and values. Studies that attempt to 𝑓ind determinants o𝑓
patient outcomes are generally experimental or quasi-experimental. They may be used to
guide EBP but do not completely de𝑓ine it. EBP is a combination o𝑓 guidelines and speci𝑓ic
patient needs and values. Quantitative and qualitative studies applied to the evaluation o𝑓
patient outcomes are part o𝑓 EBP but do not completely de𝑓ine EBP.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
2. The nurse is collecting data about the sleep patterns o𝑓 breast𝑓ed babies as part o𝑓 a larger
research study. Which researN
ch mRe t hIo d G s e use when collecting data 𝑓or this study?
w i l l Bt h.e Cn u rM
a. Control U S N T O
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: B
Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the
relationships among these phenomena. Control can be described as the ability to write a
prescription to produce the desired results. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
3. The nurse is participating in a study and is collecting data identi𝑓ying the number o𝑓 obese
adults whose parents were also obese or overweight. Which research method is being used in
this study?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: D
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dy Mate al
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Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given
situation. By knowing the percentage o𝑓 parents o𝑓 obese adults who were obese, the
probability o𝑓 predicting this may be calculated. Control indicates the ability to use a
prescribed intervention to produce the desired results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and
understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the relationships among these
phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies why
certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
4. The nurse reviews a study in which adherence to an asthma action plan is compared among
groups o𝑓 young adults who received di𝑓𝑓erent asthma education. Which research method
does this represent?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: C
Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events
occur. Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired
results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena
and the relationships among these phenomena. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
5. A nurse manager is int erest edNiU
nR arI
leS niNngGw
ThBic.hCaOttiMtudes among sta𝑓𝑓 nurses may
indicate relative risk o𝑓 needle-stick injuries. To study this, the nurse manager will employ
which method o𝑓 study?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: D
Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given
situation. Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired
results. Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena
and the relationships among these phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
6. Which is the most important result o𝑓 Florence Nightingale’s data collection and
statistical analysis during the Crimean War?
a. Bringing awareness o𝑓 the rigors o𝑓 war to the general public in relation to
care practices
b. Developing a process 𝑓or statistical analysis and nursing documentation
c. Identi𝑓ying and de𝑓ining the role o𝑓 nurses in modern health care
d. Using clinical research to evaluate the need 𝑓or sanitation, clean drinking water,
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and adequate nutrition
ANS: D
Nightingale’s research enabled her to instigate attitudinal, organizational, and social changes,
including the military’s approach to the care o𝑓 the sick and society’s sense o𝑓 responsibility
𝑓or testing public water, improving sanitation, and preventing starvation to decrease
morbidity and mortality rates. Bringing awareness o𝑓 the rigors o𝑓 war to the public,
developing a process 𝑓or statistical analysis and nursing documentation, and identi𝑓ying and
de𝑓ining the role o𝑓 nurses in modern health care were not the most important results.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
7. The nurse participates in data collection in a study in which two di𝑓𝑓erent pain
management protocols are used with randomly assigned patients to measure di𝑓𝑓erences in
postoperative recovery time. Which method o𝑓 study is this?
a. Control
b. Correlation
c. Description
d. Explanation
ANS: A
Control indicates the ability to use a prescribed intervention to produce the desired results.
Correlation examines the relationships between di𝑓𝑓erent phenomena. Description involves
identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the relationships among
these phenomena. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among phenomena and identi𝑓ies
why certain events occur.
DIF: Cognitive level: ApplyinN
gU(ARpS
plI atiG
icN onT) B.COM
8. The nurse reviews a study exploring experiences o𝑓 nurses’ decision-making
processes regarding reporting a medical error. Which research method does this
represent?
a. Control
b. Description
c. Explanation
d. Prediction
ANS: B
Description involves identi𝑓ying and understanding the nature o𝑓 nursing phenomena and the
relationships among these phenomena. Control can be described as the ability to write a
prescription to produce the desired results. Explanation clari𝑓ies the relationships among
phenomena and identi𝑓ies why certain events occur. Through prediction, the probability o𝑓 a
speci𝑓ic outcome can be estimated in a given situation.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
9. The development o𝑓 nursing theories and conceptual models in the late 1960s and
1970s served to
a. determine the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 nursing interventions.
b. establish the concept o𝑓 evidence-based practice.
c. provide 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
d. provide direction 𝑓or nursing research.
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, UndeSrstutvaiaan.dcoimng- TNheuMrsairnkeegtpR esearch 7th E doituiroSntuG
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roveeriT
dy Mate al
est Bank
ANS: D
The theories developed in the 1960s and 1970s helped to guide 𝑓uture nursing research and
practice. Outcome studies are used to determine the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 nursing interventions.
The concept o𝑓 EBP was developed in the 1970s and promoted by the ANCC Magnet
Hospital Designation program. The NINR seeks to provide 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
10. The National Institute o𝑓 Nursing Research (NINR) began to change its 𝑓ocus to
a. 𝑓unding nursing rather than medical research.
b. evaluating outcomes rather than process studies.
c. increasing the status and 𝑓unding 𝑓or nursing research.
d. supporting the dissemination o𝑓 nursing research.
ANS: C
The National Center 𝑓or Nursing Research (NCNR) changed its name to the NINR to increase
the status and 𝑓unding o𝑓 nursing research. The change in 𝑓ocus 𝑓rom medical to nursing
research came about with the 𝑓irst nursing programs. Outcomes research emerged in the 1980s
and 1990s to document the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 healthcare services. The NCNR’s purpose was to
support the conduct and dissemination o𝑓 knowledge development through nursing research.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
11. An emphasis o𝑓 the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet
Hospital Designation Program 𝑓or Excellence in Nursing is
a. research and development o𝑓 clinical practice guidelines.
b. putting qualitative research into practice in clinical settings.
c. using standard nursing caN reUpR nsIbNaG
laS dB
seT on.oCuO
tcM
omes research.
d. utilizing evidence-based practice in nursing.
ANS: D
ANCC implemented the Magnet Hospital Designation Program 𝑓or Excellence in Nursing
Service in 1990 that emphasized EBP 𝑓or nursing. Clinical practice guidelines are a more
recent phenomenon, using evidence-based research, expert opinion, and patient needs and
values to standardize care. Qualitative research was introduced in the late 1970s to gain
insight into the phenomena related to nursing. Outcomes research was important in the 1980s
to 1990s to document the e𝑓𝑓ectiveness o𝑓 healthcare services.
DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
12. In a position statement in 2006, the American Association o𝑓 Colleges o𝑓 Nursing
(AACN) identi𝑓ied a need to
a. acquire clinical knowledge and expertise.
b. 𝑓ocus on evidence-based practice.
c. 𝑓und academic nursing research.
d. prepare a work𝑓orce o𝑓 nurse scientists.
ANS: D
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