NU 311: Exam 2 Study Guide
Questions with All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What are the parts of the Nursing Process? - Answer Diagnostic Label
Etiology
Defining Characteristics
Diagnostic Label - Answer found in the nursing pocket guide (235 choices)
Etiology - Answer "contributing factors"; What is the causing problem?
connected to the Diagnostic Label by "related to" or "R/T"
EX: risk for trauma R/T weakness, poor vision, and slippery floors
Defining Characteristics - Answer these help to select the appropriate diagnosis; reflect
causative pr contributing factor; signs & symptoms
connected to Etiology by "as evidenced by" or "a.e.b"
EX: "I feel breathless"
EX: Dyspnea
Know how to write an apporiate Nursing Diagnosis. - Answer EX: Impaired Skin Integrity R/T
stool incontinence a.e.b. reddened and excorticated perineum
EX: Acute Pain R/T surgical incision a.e.b. facial grimacing, crying, guarding of incision, and
verbal report of pain
Know the steps of the Nursing Process. - Answer Assess
Diagnose
Plan
Implement
,Evaluate
Assess - Answer gather information about the client's condition
Diagnose - Answer identify the client's problem
Plan - Answer set goals of care and desired outcomes and identify appropriate nursing
actions
Implement - Answer perform the nursing actions identified in planning
Evaluate - Answer determine if goals met and outcomes achieved
Understanding Application of Assessment: Three Activities: - Answer ~gathering the data
~sorting and organizing the collected data
~documenting the data in the retrievable format
Understanding Application of Assessment: Sources of Data: - Answer ~Primary: Patient
~Secondary: family, friends, HCP, and medical records
Understanding Application of Assessment: Types of Data: - Answer ~Subjective: verbal
description (what the patient tells you)
~Objective: observation or measurement (what YOU as the nurse observes)
Understanding Application of Nursing Diagnosis - Answer ~using Clinical Judgement
~250 choices
~divided into subjects: individual, family, group, community
~types of diagnosis: actual or problem, health promotion, potential or risk
Understanding Application of Planning - Answer ~prescribe intervention
~set priorities
~document as plan of care
, ~Types of Intervention:
Independent- autonomous action; no med order required
Dependent- require an order
Collaborative- require knowledge & skill
Understanding Application of Implementation - Answer ~addresses if goals are met
~ongoing process to determine effectiveness of the plan of care
~Evaluation Statement: Should directly address the goal statement and the outcomes expected
~If goal is met: either continues or establish a new goal
~If goal is unmet: modify goal or intervention
Know the principles of Sterile Technique. - Answer 1. All objects used in the sterile field must
be sterile
2. Sterile objects become unsterile if touched by unsterile objects
3. Sterile objects that are out of sight or below waist are unsterile
4. Sterile objects can become unsterile by prolonged exposure to air
5. 1 inch or 2.5 cm border around sterile field is unsterile
6. When sterile surface comes in contact with a wet surface it become contaminated
7. fluid flow in the direction of gravity
8. Skin cannot be sterilized; it is unsterile
know the steps to prepare & maintain a sterile field. - Answer 1. Apply PPE as needed
2. Select clean, flat, dry, work surface above waist level
3. Preform hand hygiene
4. Prepare sterile work surface
1) Open sterile commercial pack containing sterile items
2) Open sterile linen wrap package
3) Prepare sterile drape
5. Add sterile items to sterile field
6. Pour sterile solutions
(hold saline bottle 2.5-5 cm // 1- 2 inches when pouring into a basin)
7. Observe for break in sterile technique
Questions with All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What are the parts of the Nursing Process? - Answer Diagnostic Label
Etiology
Defining Characteristics
Diagnostic Label - Answer found in the nursing pocket guide (235 choices)
Etiology - Answer "contributing factors"; What is the causing problem?
connected to the Diagnostic Label by "related to" or "R/T"
EX: risk for trauma R/T weakness, poor vision, and slippery floors
Defining Characteristics - Answer these help to select the appropriate diagnosis; reflect
causative pr contributing factor; signs & symptoms
connected to Etiology by "as evidenced by" or "a.e.b"
EX: "I feel breathless"
EX: Dyspnea
Know how to write an apporiate Nursing Diagnosis. - Answer EX: Impaired Skin Integrity R/T
stool incontinence a.e.b. reddened and excorticated perineum
EX: Acute Pain R/T surgical incision a.e.b. facial grimacing, crying, guarding of incision, and
verbal report of pain
Know the steps of the Nursing Process. - Answer Assess
Diagnose
Plan
Implement
,Evaluate
Assess - Answer gather information about the client's condition
Diagnose - Answer identify the client's problem
Plan - Answer set goals of care and desired outcomes and identify appropriate nursing
actions
Implement - Answer perform the nursing actions identified in planning
Evaluate - Answer determine if goals met and outcomes achieved
Understanding Application of Assessment: Three Activities: - Answer ~gathering the data
~sorting and organizing the collected data
~documenting the data in the retrievable format
Understanding Application of Assessment: Sources of Data: - Answer ~Primary: Patient
~Secondary: family, friends, HCP, and medical records
Understanding Application of Assessment: Types of Data: - Answer ~Subjective: verbal
description (what the patient tells you)
~Objective: observation or measurement (what YOU as the nurse observes)
Understanding Application of Nursing Diagnosis - Answer ~using Clinical Judgement
~250 choices
~divided into subjects: individual, family, group, community
~types of diagnosis: actual or problem, health promotion, potential or risk
Understanding Application of Planning - Answer ~prescribe intervention
~set priorities
~document as plan of care
, ~Types of Intervention:
Independent- autonomous action; no med order required
Dependent- require an order
Collaborative- require knowledge & skill
Understanding Application of Implementation - Answer ~addresses if goals are met
~ongoing process to determine effectiveness of the plan of care
~Evaluation Statement: Should directly address the goal statement and the outcomes expected
~If goal is met: either continues or establish a new goal
~If goal is unmet: modify goal or intervention
Know the principles of Sterile Technique. - Answer 1. All objects used in the sterile field must
be sterile
2. Sterile objects become unsterile if touched by unsterile objects
3. Sterile objects that are out of sight or below waist are unsterile
4. Sterile objects can become unsterile by prolonged exposure to air
5. 1 inch or 2.5 cm border around sterile field is unsterile
6. When sterile surface comes in contact with a wet surface it become contaminated
7. fluid flow in the direction of gravity
8. Skin cannot be sterilized; it is unsterile
know the steps to prepare & maintain a sterile field. - Answer 1. Apply PPE as needed
2. Select clean, flat, dry, work surface above waist level
3. Preform hand hygiene
4. Prepare sterile work surface
1) Open sterile commercial pack containing sterile items
2) Open sterile linen wrap package
3) Prepare sterile drape
5. Add sterile items to sterile field
6. Pour sterile solutions
(hold saline bottle 2.5-5 cm // 1- 2 inches when pouring into a basin)
7. Observe for break in sterile technique
