Mechanisms that decrease ICP*
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, decreasing volume of any one of the three compartments- brain tissue,
CSF, or circulation- will decrease the ICP
Causes:
-Externally draining CSF via a catheter placed in the ventricles will lower
ICP.
-Blood volume can also be reduced by lowering blood pressure
-Infusing a hypertonic solution such as IV mannitol can rapidly decrease
intracellular pressure and lower cerebral edema.
-A low carbon dioxide level will vasoconstrict cerebral arteries, reducing
the volume of blood delivered to the brain.
-Removing brain tissue, such as occurs in a lobectomy, will likewise
decrease volume and ICP.
decompressive craniectomy, in which a section of the skull is removed,
creating an opening in the closed space of the skull and allowing
expansion of the brain.
-This allows the ICP to increase without the danger of compressing brain
tissue
atonic seizure
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sudden loss of muscle tone, pt hits the ground
types of seizures
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partial and generalized
, Simple seizures (partial)
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fully conscious or aware
PD interventions
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Risk of aspiration
Airway is #1 from excessive drooling must have:
Suction at bedside for drooling
Must have small bite sized pieces when eating and tissues readily available
while eating. Add thickening agent to fluids
Dysphagia - Monitor swallowing
HOB up - High Fowler's "Sit Upright"
KEY WORDS: thicken FLUIDS and head of bed UP or sit UP.
Hemorrhagic Stroke- patho
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broken blood vessels in the brain causing bleeding, cerebral artery
ruptures and can no longer bring blood to the brain tissue. Cerebral
artery ruptures from excessive pressure and blood leaks into brain —>
causes edema, increased ICP and tissue destruction.
Give this one a try later!
, decreasing volume of any one of the three compartments- brain tissue,
CSF, or circulation- will decrease the ICP
Causes:
-Externally draining CSF via a catheter placed in the ventricles will lower
ICP.
-Blood volume can also be reduced by lowering blood pressure
-Infusing a hypertonic solution such as IV mannitol can rapidly decrease
intracellular pressure and lower cerebral edema.
-A low carbon dioxide level will vasoconstrict cerebral arteries, reducing
the volume of blood delivered to the brain.
-Removing brain tissue, such as occurs in a lobectomy, will likewise
decrease volume and ICP.
decompressive craniectomy, in which a section of the skull is removed,
creating an opening in the closed space of the skull and allowing
expansion of the brain.
-This allows the ICP to increase without the danger of compressing brain
tissue
atonic seizure
Give this one a try later!
sudden loss of muscle tone, pt hits the ground
types of seizures
Give this one a try later!
partial and generalized
, Simple seizures (partial)
Give this one a try later!
fully conscious or aware
PD interventions
Give this one a try later!
Risk of aspiration
Airway is #1 from excessive drooling must have:
Suction at bedside for drooling
Must have small bite sized pieces when eating and tissues readily available
while eating. Add thickening agent to fluids
Dysphagia - Monitor swallowing
HOB up - High Fowler's "Sit Upright"
KEY WORDS: thicken FLUIDS and head of bed UP or sit UP.
Hemorrhagic Stroke- patho
Give this one a try later!
broken blood vessels in the brain causing bleeding, cerebral artery
ruptures and can no longer bring blood to the brain tissue. Cerebral
artery ruptures from excessive pressure and blood leaks into brain —>
causes edema, increased ICP and tissue destruction.
