ITLS Advanced Pre-Test Exam Questions with Detailed Verified Answers
(latest 2026|2027 updates) | Already Graded A+ | Airway, TBI, Chest
Trauma, Shock | 10th Edition | Paramedic & EMS
A 57-year-old male has a respiratory rate of 36, ETCO2 of 30mmHg, and an oxygen saturation of 80%. You should:
A. Coach the patient to slow his breathing as his ETCO2 level indicates hyperventilation
B. Ventilate with a BVM at a higher rate to increase the patient's oxygen levels
C. Ventilate with a BVM at a rate of 6to increase the patient's ETCO2 level
D. Provide supplemental oxygen - Correct Answer -D. Provide supplemental oxygen
A 31-year-old male presents with difficulty breathing, rapid and weak pulse, flat neck veins, and midline trachea. Your
assessment of the left side of the chest reveals decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion. You should suspect:
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Flail chest
C. Tension pneumothorax
D. Massive hemothorax - Correct Answer -D. Massive hemothorax
A 45-year-old female is found unconscious at the scene of motor vehicle collision. Her vital signs are BP 80/40, P 130, and
R 30. Which of the following is the most likely cause for her vital signs?
A. Fractured lower legs
B. Intracranial hemorrhage
C. Bleeding into the chest or abdomen
D. Spinal cord injury with neurogenic shock - Correct Answer -C. Bleeding into the chest or abdomen
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, The cause of a secondary brain injury is:
A. Contra-coup
B. Coup
C. Hemorrhage
D. Hypoxia - Correct Answer -D. Hypoxia
In the absence of herniation syndrome, adult patients with suspected traumatic brain injury should be ventilated as a rate
of:
A. 8-10 per minute
B. 12-14 per minute
C. 16-18 per minute
D. 20-22 per minute - Correct Answer -A. 8-10 per minute
What is the most likely cause of unequal pupils in a patient whose mental status is altered due to a head injury?
A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Pre-existing condition
C. Alcohol intoxication
D. Hypotension - Correct Answer -A. Increased intracranial pressure
Which one of the following is a reason to interrupt the initial assessment?
A. Cardiac arrest
B. Multiple open (compound) fractures
C. Severe head injury with brain tissue visible
D. Severe shock - Correct Answer -A. Cardiac arrest
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(latest 2026|2027 updates) | Already Graded A+ | Airway, TBI, Chest
Trauma, Shock | 10th Edition | Paramedic & EMS
A 57-year-old male has a respiratory rate of 36, ETCO2 of 30mmHg, and an oxygen saturation of 80%. You should:
A. Coach the patient to slow his breathing as his ETCO2 level indicates hyperventilation
B. Ventilate with a BVM at a higher rate to increase the patient's oxygen levels
C. Ventilate with a BVM at a rate of 6to increase the patient's ETCO2 level
D. Provide supplemental oxygen - Correct Answer -D. Provide supplemental oxygen
A 31-year-old male presents with difficulty breathing, rapid and weak pulse, flat neck veins, and midline trachea. Your
assessment of the left side of the chest reveals decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion. You should suspect:
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Flail chest
C. Tension pneumothorax
D. Massive hemothorax - Correct Answer -D. Massive hemothorax
A 45-year-old female is found unconscious at the scene of motor vehicle collision. Her vital signs are BP 80/40, P 130, and
R 30. Which of the following is the most likely cause for her vital signs?
A. Fractured lower legs
B. Intracranial hemorrhage
C. Bleeding into the chest or abdomen
D. Spinal cord injury with neurogenic shock - Correct Answer -C. Bleeding into the chest or abdomen
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, The cause of a secondary brain injury is:
A. Contra-coup
B. Coup
C. Hemorrhage
D. Hypoxia - Correct Answer -D. Hypoxia
In the absence of herniation syndrome, adult patients with suspected traumatic brain injury should be ventilated as a rate
of:
A. 8-10 per minute
B. 12-14 per minute
C. 16-18 per minute
D. 20-22 per minute - Correct Answer -A. 8-10 per minute
What is the most likely cause of unequal pupils in a patient whose mental status is altered due to a head injury?
A. Increased intracranial pressure
B. Pre-existing condition
C. Alcohol intoxication
D. Hypotension - Correct Answer -A. Increased intracranial pressure
Which one of the following is a reason to interrupt the initial assessment?
A. Cardiac arrest
B. Multiple open (compound) fractures
C. Severe head injury with brain tissue visible
D. Severe shock - Correct Answer -A. Cardiac arrest
2|Page
