APEA PEDIATRICS EXAM PREP QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 STUDY GUIDE
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
●● Congenital pinhole-sized pits located anterior to the helix of the ear
that may be associated with hearing loss are:
thyroglossal duct cysts.
preauricular cysts.
branchial cleft cysts.
hypoglossal cysts. Answer: preauricular cysts.
●● The nurse practitioner has diagnosed a 3-month-old patient with
bilateral bacterial conjunctivitis. The patient's older sibling also has this
condition. What is the safest treatment option for this patient?
Observation and recheck in 48 hours
Referral to ophthalmologist
Erythromycin ointment
Polymyxin B/trimethoprim (Polytrim) drops Answer: Erythromycin
ointment
●● A 5-year-old patient has perennial allergic rhinitis. Which of the
following would be the most appropriate medication?
Cetirizine (Zyrtec) 5 mg orally daily
,Cetirizine (Zyrtec) 10 mg orally daily
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 1 spray in each naris daily
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 2 sprays in each naris daily Answer:
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 1 spray in each naris daily
fluticasone is proven more effective in treating allergic rhinitis than
antihistamines
●● A 13-month-old girl was diagnosed with a severe peanut allergy. The
mother asks the provider if her daughter will outgrow the allergy to
peanuts. What is the best response?
It is rare for children to outgrow tree nut allergies.
If she has not outgrown it by age 6 years, she will likely have it for life.
That is a great question to ask her allergy specialist.
She can be cured after 1 year of desensitization. Answer: If she has not
outgrown it by age 6 years, she will likely have it for life.
●● An inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the
eye) and retina of the eye is:
congenital glaucoma.
retinopathy of prematurity.
congenital cataracts.
chorioretinitis. Answer: chorioretinitis.
, ●● Which of the following best describes a dental avulsion?
A permanent tooth never grows in
A primary tooth does not erupt
Complete displacement of the tooth from the socket
A fracture of the enamel; the tooth structure remains intact Answer:
Complete displacement of the tooth from the socket
●● An 18-month-old patient weighing 15 kg was diagnosed with
influenza A. What is the best treatment for this patient?
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) once daily by mouth for 5 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) once daily by mouth for 10 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 5 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 10 days Answer:
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 5 days
●● A 6-year-old autistic boy with suspected ear pain has been hitting his
left ear frequently for the past 2 days. During the physical exam, the NP
cannot visualize the tympanic membrane in the child's left ear due to
cerumen impaction. Which of the following treatment options would
pose the greatest risk for injury?
Cerumenolytics
Manual cerumen irrigation
Tap water irrigation
AND ANSWERS 2026 STUDY GUIDE
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
●● Congenital pinhole-sized pits located anterior to the helix of the ear
that may be associated with hearing loss are:
thyroglossal duct cysts.
preauricular cysts.
branchial cleft cysts.
hypoglossal cysts. Answer: preauricular cysts.
●● The nurse practitioner has diagnosed a 3-month-old patient with
bilateral bacterial conjunctivitis. The patient's older sibling also has this
condition. What is the safest treatment option for this patient?
Observation and recheck in 48 hours
Referral to ophthalmologist
Erythromycin ointment
Polymyxin B/trimethoprim (Polytrim) drops Answer: Erythromycin
ointment
●● A 5-year-old patient has perennial allergic rhinitis. Which of the
following would be the most appropriate medication?
Cetirizine (Zyrtec) 5 mg orally daily
,Cetirizine (Zyrtec) 10 mg orally daily
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 1 spray in each naris daily
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 2 sprays in each naris daily Answer:
Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) 1 spray in each naris daily
fluticasone is proven more effective in treating allergic rhinitis than
antihistamines
●● A 13-month-old girl was diagnosed with a severe peanut allergy. The
mother asks the provider if her daughter will outgrow the allergy to
peanuts. What is the best response?
It is rare for children to outgrow tree nut allergies.
If she has not outgrown it by age 6 years, she will likely have it for life.
That is a great question to ask her allergy specialist.
She can be cured after 1 year of desensitization. Answer: If she has not
outgrown it by age 6 years, she will likely have it for life.
●● An inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the
eye) and retina of the eye is:
congenital glaucoma.
retinopathy of prematurity.
congenital cataracts.
chorioretinitis. Answer: chorioretinitis.
, ●● Which of the following best describes a dental avulsion?
A permanent tooth never grows in
A primary tooth does not erupt
Complete displacement of the tooth from the socket
A fracture of the enamel; the tooth structure remains intact Answer:
Complete displacement of the tooth from the socket
●● An 18-month-old patient weighing 15 kg was diagnosed with
influenza A. What is the best treatment for this patient?
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) once daily by mouth for 5 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) once daily by mouth for 10 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 5 days
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 10 days Answer:
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) twice daily by mouth for 5 days
●● A 6-year-old autistic boy with suspected ear pain has been hitting his
left ear frequently for the past 2 days. During the physical exam, the NP
cannot visualize the tympanic membrane in the child's left ear due to
cerumen impaction. Which of the following treatment options would
pose the greatest risk for injury?
Cerumenolytics
Manual cerumen irrigation
Tap water irrigation
