HESI FUNDAMENTALS NGN
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES/GRADED
A+/2026 UPDATE/100% CORRECT
/INSTANT DOWNLOAD
Unit 1: Safe & Effective Care Environment
1. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client from a bed to a stretcher. Which
action by the nurse demonstrates the correct use of body mechanics?
o A) Positioning the stretcher parallel and close to the bed, locking
both wheels
o B) Bending at the waist to lift the client while keeping the legs straight
o C) Keeping the feet close together to provide a stable base of support
o D) Twisting the torso to reach for the client, then straightening the back
to lift
Rationale: The stretcher should be positioned parallel and as close as possible
to the bed to minimize the distance needed to move the client. Both the bed
and the stretcher wheels must be locked to prevent movement during the
transfer. Bending at the waist, twisting, or keeping feet close together are all
improper body mechanics that increase the risk of injury to the nurse.
2. A nurse notices a small fire in a client's trash can. The nurse removes the client
from the room and activates the fire alarm. What is the nurse's next priority
action according to the RACE protocol?
o A) Extinguish the fire using the nearest fire extinguisher
o B) Close all doors and windows in the area
o C) Confine the fire by closing the client's door
o D) Rescue all other clients on the unit
, Rationale: The RACE protocol for a fire is: R = Rescue clients in immediate
danger; A = Activate the alarm; C = Confine the fire by closing doors and
windows; E = Extinguish the fire if possible. After rescuing the client and
activating the alarm, the nurse's priority is to contain the fire by closing the
door to the client's room.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for wrist restraints.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
o A) Ensure the restraints are removed every 2 hours for range-of-
motion exercises
o B) Obtain a prescription from the provider for the restraints
o C) Tie the restraint ties to the side rail of the bed
o D) Check the client's skin and circulation under the restraint every
1-2 hours
o E) Tie the restraints using a quick-release knot
Rationale: Restraints require a provider's order and must be used only as a
last resort for client safety. They must be removed every 2 hours to allow for
skin assessment, hygiene, and range-of-motion exercises. Restraints should be
secured to the bed frame, not the side rail, and with a quick-release knot to
allow for rapid removal. Circulation and skin integrity under the restraint must
be checked at least every 1-2 hours.
4. A nurse is planning care for a client who is on contact precautions. Which of
the following actions is most important for the nurse to take to prevent the
spread of infection?
o A) Place the client in a negative-pressure room
o B) Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the client's room
o C) Don a gown and gloves before entering the client's room
o D) Keep the client's door closed at all times
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves to
prevent the transmission of infectious agents that are spread by direct or
indirect contact. A negative-pressure room is for airborne precautions. An N95
mask is for airborne precautions. Keeping the door closed is not a primary
intervention for contact precautions.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. The label on the
medication is difficult to read. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
o A) Ask another nurse to identify the medication by looking at the label
o B) Contact the pharmacy for a new, clearly labeled medication
o C) Compare the label with the medication administration record (MAR)
to confirm the medication
, o D) Ask the client if the medication appears to be the correct one
Rationale: If a medication label is unreadable or unclear, the nurse must not
administer the medication. The safest action is to obtain a new, properly
labeled medication from the pharmacy. Administering an unidentifiable
medication is a major medication error.
Unit 2: Health Promotion & Maintenance
6. A nurse is providing teaching about home safety to the adult child of an older
adult client. Which of the following statements by the adult child indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
o A) "I will make sure the water heater is set to 120 degrees
Fahrenheit."
o B) "I will place scatter rugs on the hardwood floors to prevent slipping
on a wet surface."
o C) "I will keep the house dimly lit at night to help my parent sleep
better."
o D) "I will store cleaning products on the lower shelves of the pantry for
easy access."
Rationale: To prevent burns, water heaters should be set to 120°F (48.9°C) or
lower. Scatter rugs increase fall risk. Adequate lighting is needed to prevent
falls. Cleaning products should be stored out of reach or in locked cabinets to
prevent accidental poisoning.
7. A nurse is providing education on the prevention of osteoporosis to a group
of postmenopausal women. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse
emphasize as being most critical?
o A) Calcium and Vitamin D
o B) Iron and Vitamin C
o C) Potassium and Magnesium
o D) Zinc and Vitamin B12
Rationale: Calcium is the primary mineral that makes up bones, and Vitamin
D is essential for calcium absorption. Postmenopausal women are at an
increased risk for osteoporosis due to decreased estrogen levels, making
adequate intake of these nutrients a key preventative measure.
8. A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about infant nutrition. A client asks when a
baby can start eating solid foods. What is the most appropriate response by
the nurse?
o A) "You can start solid foods when the baby is 2 months old."
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES/GRADED
A+/2026 UPDATE/100% CORRECT
/INSTANT DOWNLOAD
Unit 1: Safe & Effective Care Environment
1. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client from a bed to a stretcher. Which
action by the nurse demonstrates the correct use of body mechanics?
o A) Positioning the stretcher parallel and close to the bed, locking
both wheels
o B) Bending at the waist to lift the client while keeping the legs straight
o C) Keeping the feet close together to provide a stable base of support
o D) Twisting the torso to reach for the client, then straightening the back
to lift
Rationale: The stretcher should be positioned parallel and as close as possible
to the bed to minimize the distance needed to move the client. Both the bed
and the stretcher wheels must be locked to prevent movement during the
transfer. Bending at the waist, twisting, or keeping feet close together are all
improper body mechanics that increase the risk of injury to the nurse.
2. A nurse notices a small fire in a client's trash can. The nurse removes the client
from the room and activates the fire alarm. What is the nurse's next priority
action according to the RACE protocol?
o A) Extinguish the fire using the nearest fire extinguisher
o B) Close all doors and windows in the area
o C) Confine the fire by closing the client's door
o D) Rescue all other clients on the unit
, Rationale: The RACE protocol for a fire is: R = Rescue clients in immediate
danger; A = Activate the alarm; C = Confine the fire by closing doors and
windows; E = Extinguish the fire if possible. After rescuing the client and
activating the alarm, the nurse's priority is to contain the fire by closing the
door to the client's room.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for wrist restraints.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
o A) Ensure the restraints are removed every 2 hours for range-of-
motion exercises
o B) Obtain a prescription from the provider for the restraints
o C) Tie the restraint ties to the side rail of the bed
o D) Check the client's skin and circulation under the restraint every
1-2 hours
o E) Tie the restraints using a quick-release knot
Rationale: Restraints require a provider's order and must be used only as a
last resort for client safety. They must be removed every 2 hours to allow for
skin assessment, hygiene, and range-of-motion exercises. Restraints should be
secured to the bed frame, not the side rail, and with a quick-release knot to
allow for rapid removal. Circulation and skin integrity under the restraint must
be checked at least every 1-2 hours.
4. A nurse is planning care for a client who is on contact precautions. Which of
the following actions is most important for the nurse to take to prevent the
spread of infection?
o A) Place the client in a negative-pressure room
o B) Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the client's room
o C) Don a gown and gloves before entering the client's room
o D) Keep the client's door closed at all times
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves to
prevent the transmission of infectious agents that are spread by direct or
indirect contact. A negative-pressure room is for airborne precautions. An N95
mask is for airborne precautions. Keeping the door closed is not a primary
intervention for contact precautions.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. The label on the
medication is difficult to read. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
o A) Ask another nurse to identify the medication by looking at the label
o B) Contact the pharmacy for a new, clearly labeled medication
o C) Compare the label with the medication administration record (MAR)
to confirm the medication
, o D) Ask the client if the medication appears to be the correct one
Rationale: If a medication label is unreadable or unclear, the nurse must not
administer the medication. The safest action is to obtain a new, properly
labeled medication from the pharmacy. Administering an unidentifiable
medication is a major medication error.
Unit 2: Health Promotion & Maintenance
6. A nurse is providing teaching about home safety to the adult child of an older
adult client. Which of the following statements by the adult child indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
o A) "I will make sure the water heater is set to 120 degrees
Fahrenheit."
o B) "I will place scatter rugs on the hardwood floors to prevent slipping
on a wet surface."
o C) "I will keep the house dimly lit at night to help my parent sleep
better."
o D) "I will store cleaning products on the lower shelves of the pantry for
easy access."
Rationale: To prevent burns, water heaters should be set to 120°F (48.9°C) or
lower. Scatter rugs increase fall risk. Adequate lighting is needed to prevent
falls. Cleaning products should be stored out of reach or in locked cabinets to
prevent accidental poisoning.
7. A nurse is providing education on the prevention of osteoporosis to a group
of postmenopausal women. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse
emphasize as being most critical?
o A) Calcium and Vitamin D
o B) Iron and Vitamin C
o C) Potassium and Magnesium
o D) Zinc and Vitamin B12
Rationale: Calcium is the primary mineral that makes up bones, and Vitamin
D is essential for calcium absorption. Postmenopausal women are at an
increased risk for osteoporosis due to decreased estrogen levels, making
adequate intake of these nutrients a key preventative measure.
8. A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about infant nutrition. A client asks when a
baby can start eating solid foods. What is the most appropriate response by
the nurse?
o A) "You can start solid foods when the baby is 2 months old."
