Test Bank for Biological Science, 8th Edition
by Scott Freeman
1) The legless condition that is observed in several groups of extant reptiles is the result of
A) their common ancestor having been legless.
B) a shared adaptation to an arboreal (living in trees) lifestyle.
C) several instances of the legless condition arising independently of each other.
D) individual lizards adapting to a fossorial (living in burrows) lifestyle during their
lifetimes. - answer-C
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) The scientific discipline concerned with naming organisms is called
A) taxonomy.
B) cladistics.
C) binomial nomenclature.
D) systematics.
E) phylocode - answer-A
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The various taxonomic levels (viz, genera, classes, etc.) of the hierarchical classification
system differ from each other on the basis of
1
,A) how widely the organisms assigned to each are distributed throughout the
environment.
B) the body sizes of the organisms assigned to each.
C) their inclusiveness.
D) the relative genome sizes of the organisms assigned to each.
E) morphological characters that are applicable to all organisms. - answer-C
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
519
4) Which of these illustrates the correct representation of the binomial scientific name for the
African lion?
A) Panthera leo
B) panthera leo
C) Panthera leo
D) Panthera Leo
E) Panthera leo - answer-E
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) A phylogenetic tree that is rooted is one
A) that extends back to the origin of life on Earth.
B) at whose base is located the common ancestor of all taxa depicted on that tree.
C) that illustrates the rampant gene swapping that occurred early in life s history.
2
,D) that indicates our uncertainty about the evolutionary relationships of the taxa
depicted on the tree.
E) with very few branch points. - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) The correct sequence, from the most to the least comprehensive, of the taxonomic levels
listed here is
A) family, phylum, class, kingdom, order, species, and genus.
B) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
C) kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, and species.
D) phylum, kingdom, order, class, species, family, and genus.
E) phylum, family, class, order, kingdom, genus, and species. - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) The common housefly belongs to all of the following taxa. Assuming you had access to
textbooks or other scientific literature, knowing which of the following should provide you
with the most specific information about the common housefly?
A) order Diptera
B) family Muscidae
C) genus Musca
D) class Hexapoda
E) phylum Arthropoda - answer-C
3
, Topic: Concept 26.1
: Application/Analysis
520 Chapter 26, Phylogeny and the Tree of Life
8) If organisms A, B, and C belong to the same class but to different orders and if organisms
D, E, and F belong to the same order but to different families, which of the following pairs
of organisms would be expected to show the greatest degree of structural homology?
A) A and B
B) A and C
C) B and D
D) C and F
E) D and F - answer-E
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Application/Analysis
9) Darwin analogized the effects of evolution as the above-ground portion of a
many-branched tree, with extant species being the tips of the twigs. The common ancestor
of two species is most analogous to which anatomical tree part?
A) a single twig that gets longer with time
B) a node where two twigs diverge
C) a twig that branches with time
D) the trunk
E) neighboring twigs attached to the same stem - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
4
by Scott Freeman
1) The legless condition that is observed in several groups of extant reptiles is the result of
A) their common ancestor having been legless.
B) a shared adaptation to an arboreal (living in trees) lifestyle.
C) several instances of the legless condition arising independently of each other.
D) individual lizards adapting to a fossorial (living in burrows) lifestyle during their
lifetimes. - answer-C
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) The scientific discipline concerned with naming organisms is called
A) taxonomy.
B) cladistics.
C) binomial nomenclature.
D) systematics.
E) phylocode - answer-A
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The various taxonomic levels (viz, genera, classes, etc.) of the hierarchical classification
system differ from each other on the basis of
1
,A) how widely the organisms assigned to each are distributed throughout the
environment.
B) the body sizes of the organisms assigned to each.
C) their inclusiveness.
D) the relative genome sizes of the organisms assigned to each.
E) morphological characters that are applicable to all organisms. - answer-C
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
519
4) Which of these illustrates the correct representation of the binomial scientific name for the
African lion?
A) Panthera leo
B) panthera leo
C) Panthera leo
D) Panthera Leo
E) Panthera leo - answer-E
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) A phylogenetic tree that is rooted is one
A) that extends back to the origin of life on Earth.
B) at whose base is located the common ancestor of all taxa depicted on that tree.
C) that illustrates the rampant gene swapping that occurred early in life s history.
2
,D) that indicates our uncertainty about the evolutionary relationships of the taxa
depicted on the tree.
E) with very few branch points. - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) The correct sequence, from the most to the least comprehensive, of the taxonomic levels
listed here is
A) family, phylum, class, kingdom, order, species, and genus.
B) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
C) kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, and species.
D) phylum, kingdom, order, class, species, family, and genus.
E) phylum, family, class, order, kingdom, genus, and species. - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) The common housefly belongs to all of the following taxa. Assuming you had access to
textbooks or other scientific literature, knowing which of the following should provide you
with the most specific information about the common housefly?
A) order Diptera
B) family Muscidae
C) genus Musca
D) class Hexapoda
E) phylum Arthropoda - answer-C
3
, Topic: Concept 26.1
: Application/Analysis
520 Chapter 26, Phylogeny and the Tree of Life
8) If organisms A, B, and C belong to the same class but to different orders and if organisms
D, E, and F belong to the same order but to different families, which of the following pairs
of organisms would be expected to show the greatest degree of structural homology?
A) A and B
B) A and C
C) B and D
D) C and F
E) D and F - answer-E
Topic: Concept 26.1
: Application/Analysis
9) Darwin analogized the effects of evolution as the above-ground portion of a
many-branched tree, with extant species being the tips of the twigs. The common ancestor
of two species is most analogous to which anatomical tree part?
A) a single twig that gets longer with time
B) a node where two twigs diverge
C) a twig that branches with time
D) the trunk
E) neighboring twigs attached to the same stem - answer-B
Topic: Concept 26.1
4
