1 SUCCESS!!!
, THIS ATI EXAM CONTAINS:
❖ Incorporate 100 NEXT GENERATION (NCLEX) Style Questions
❖ 150 Nursing Pediatrics Questions
❖ Multiple-Choice With Correct Answers
❖ Structured Explanations after Every Question
Question 1 (NGN Case Study)
A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever of 39.5°C (103.1°F), irritability, and a barking cough that
worsens at night. The child has inspiratory stridor and suprasternal retractions.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Bronchiolitis
B) Epiglottitis
C) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
D) Bacterial tracheitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Croup presents with barking cough, stridor, and retractions, often worse at night and preceded by
URI symptoms. Epiglottitis is more acute with drooling and toxicity.
2 SUCCESS!!!
, Part B: Which intervention should the nurse prepare to implement first?
A) Prepare for endotracheal intubation
B) Administer racemic epinephrine nebulizer
C) Obtain a throat culture
D) Place the child in a supine position
Answer: B
Rationale: Racemic epinephrine reduces airway edema in moderate-severe croup; it is the first-line intervention
for stridor at rest.
Question 2
A 4-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department with respiratory distress.
The nurse notes that the child is sitting upright, has nasal flaring, and uses accessory muscles. The oxygen
saturation is 88% on room air. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer oral prednisone
B) Apply oxygen via face mask
C) Obtain a peak expiratory flow rate
D) Start an IV line
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen should be applied first to correct hypoxemia; then bronchodilators and corticosteroids follow.
Question 3 (Select all that apply)
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant with bronchiolitis caused by RSV. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include? (Select all)
A) Contact precautions
B) Suction the nares before feedings
3 SUCCESS!!!
, C) Administer ribavirin as prescribed
D) Place the infant in a supine position for sleep
E) Monitor for apnea
Answers: A, B, C, E
Rationale: RSV requires contact precautions. Nasal suctioning before feeds improves feeding. Ribavirin may be
used for severe cases. Apnea is a risk in infants <6 months. Supine sleep is for SIDS prevention but not specific to
RSV; positioning for airway may be needed.
Question 4 (Bowtie)
A 10-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is brought to the school nurse with lethargy, deep breathing (Kussmaul
respirations), and fruity breath odor. Blood glucose is 450 mg/dL.
Most likely condition: ____________________
Two priority actions: ____________________ and ____________________
One electrolyte to monitor closely: ____________________
Answer: Condition: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); Actions: Check ketones and Notify provider/transport to ED;
Electrolyte: Potassium
Rationale: DKA requires IV fluids, insulin, and potassium monitoring. Kussmaul breathing and fruity breath are
classic signs.
Question 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 12-month-old child who had a febrile seizure. Which
of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A) "I will give my child aspirin if the fever returns."
4 SUCCESS!!!
, THIS ATI EXAM CONTAINS:
❖ Incorporate 100 NEXT GENERATION (NCLEX) Style Questions
❖ 150 Nursing Pediatrics Questions
❖ Multiple-Choice With Correct Answers
❖ Structured Explanations after Every Question
Question 1 (NGN Case Study)
A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever of 39.5°C (103.1°F), irritability, and a barking cough that
worsens at night. The child has inspiratory stridor and suprasternal retractions.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Bronchiolitis
B) Epiglottitis
C) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
D) Bacterial tracheitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Croup presents with barking cough, stridor, and retractions, often worse at night and preceded by
URI symptoms. Epiglottitis is more acute with drooling and toxicity.
2 SUCCESS!!!
, Part B: Which intervention should the nurse prepare to implement first?
A) Prepare for endotracheal intubation
B) Administer racemic epinephrine nebulizer
C) Obtain a throat culture
D) Place the child in a supine position
Answer: B
Rationale: Racemic epinephrine reduces airway edema in moderate-severe croup; it is the first-line intervention
for stridor at rest.
Question 2
A 4-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department with respiratory distress.
The nurse notes that the child is sitting upright, has nasal flaring, and uses accessory muscles. The oxygen
saturation is 88% on room air. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer oral prednisone
B) Apply oxygen via face mask
C) Obtain a peak expiratory flow rate
D) Start an IV line
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen should be applied first to correct hypoxemia; then bronchodilators and corticosteroids follow.
Question 3 (Select all that apply)
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant with bronchiolitis caused by RSV. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include? (Select all)
A) Contact precautions
B) Suction the nares before feedings
3 SUCCESS!!!
, C) Administer ribavirin as prescribed
D) Place the infant in a supine position for sleep
E) Monitor for apnea
Answers: A, B, C, E
Rationale: RSV requires contact precautions. Nasal suctioning before feeds improves feeding. Ribavirin may be
used for severe cases. Apnea is a risk in infants <6 months. Supine sleep is for SIDS prevention but not specific to
RSV; positioning for airway may be needed.
Question 4 (Bowtie)
A 10-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is brought to the school nurse with lethargy, deep breathing (Kussmaul
respirations), and fruity breath odor. Blood glucose is 450 mg/dL.
Most likely condition: ____________________
Two priority actions: ____________________ and ____________________
One electrolyte to monitor closely: ____________________
Answer: Condition: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); Actions: Check ketones and Notify provider/transport to ED;
Electrolyte: Potassium
Rationale: DKA requires IV fluids, insulin, and potassium monitoring. Kussmaul breathing and fruity breath are
classic signs.
Question 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 12-month-old child who had a febrile seizure. Which
of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A) "I will give my child aspirin if the fever returns."
4 SUCCESS!!!
