NR 566 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM|COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
EXPERT SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
What are the major antibiotic drug classes - (answer)Beta-lactams: penicillins
Beta-lactams: Cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
tetracyclines and macrolides
sulfonamides, trimethoprim, &nitrofurantoin
What is the primary goal of antibiotic therapy - (answer)kill bacteria without harming host tissue
Bactericidal antibiotics - (answer)directly kill bacteria
bacteriostatic antibiotics - (answer)Antibiotics that do not actually kill bacteria but rather inhibit
bacterial proliferation while the hosts immune system does the killing
which antibiotics are preferred for immunocompromised patients: bactericidal or bacteriostatic -
(answer)bactericidal
which antibiotics are preferred for patients with an overwhelming infection: bactericidal or
bacteriostatic - (answer)bactericidal
broad spectrum antibiotics - (answer)affect a broad range of gram-positive or gram-negative
bacteria
narrow spectrum antibiotics - (answer)Effective against specific bacteria
which is used for empiric therapy: narrow or broad - (answer)broad spectrum
,Risks of Broad Spectrum - (answer)disruption of normal floral
increases risk of development of antibiotic resistance
which antibiotics increase the risk of antibiotic resistance: narrow or broad spectrum and why -
(answer)Broad spectrum because they kill more competing organisms than narrow spectrum
drugs
is narrow or broad spectrum antibiotics preferred - (answer)narrow is preferred when possible.
broad spectrum only used when pathogen is unknown or when multiple types of bacteria is
suspected
Bactericidal drugs - (answer)Aminoglycosides
Beta-lactams
fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
streptogramins
most antimycobacterial agents (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, etc)
bacteriostatic drugs - (answer)clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
When is empiric therapy used? - (answer)when treatment is started without cultures or when
culture results are not back yet
, who needs empiric therapy - (answer)critically ill pts after first set of cxs
hospitalized pts until css are available
ambulatory pts based on clinical presentation
Penicillins MOA - (answer)inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
penicillins primarily excreted how - (answer)in urine
what needs to be monitored when giving penicillins - (answer)renal function
what happens if renal insufficiency occurs while giving penicillins - (answer)prolonged half-life
leading to toxicity
Penicillin distribution - (answer)-Well distributed to most body tissues
-Penetration to CSF and eye tissues poor in absence of inflammation
narrow-spectrum penicillinase sensitive drugs - (answer)penicillin G
penicillin V
narrow-spectrum penicillinase sensitive susceptible pathogens - (answer)streptococci, Neisseria,
anaerobes
narrow-spectrum penicillinase resistant drugs - (answer)naficillin
oxacillin
dicloxacillin
narrow-spectrum penicillinase resistant susceptible pathogens - (answer)S. Aureus
EXPERT SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
What are the major antibiotic drug classes - (answer)Beta-lactams: penicillins
Beta-lactams: Cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
tetracyclines and macrolides
sulfonamides, trimethoprim, &nitrofurantoin
What is the primary goal of antibiotic therapy - (answer)kill bacteria without harming host tissue
Bactericidal antibiotics - (answer)directly kill bacteria
bacteriostatic antibiotics - (answer)Antibiotics that do not actually kill bacteria but rather inhibit
bacterial proliferation while the hosts immune system does the killing
which antibiotics are preferred for immunocompromised patients: bactericidal or bacteriostatic -
(answer)bactericidal
which antibiotics are preferred for patients with an overwhelming infection: bactericidal or
bacteriostatic - (answer)bactericidal
broad spectrum antibiotics - (answer)affect a broad range of gram-positive or gram-negative
bacteria
narrow spectrum antibiotics - (answer)Effective against specific bacteria
which is used for empiric therapy: narrow or broad - (answer)broad spectrum
,Risks of Broad Spectrum - (answer)disruption of normal floral
increases risk of development of antibiotic resistance
which antibiotics increase the risk of antibiotic resistance: narrow or broad spectrum and why -
(answer)Broad spectrum because they kill more competing organisms than narrow spectrum
drugs
is narrow or broad spectrum antibiotics preferred - (answer)narrow is preferred when possible.
broad spectrum only used when pathogen is unknown or when multiple types of bacteria is
suspected
Bactericidal drugs - (answer)Aminoglycosides
Beta-lactams
fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
streptogramins
most antimycobacterial agents (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, etc)
bacteriostatic drugs - (answer)clindamycin
macrolides
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
When is empiric therapy used? - (answer)when treatment is started without cultures or when
culture results are not back yet
, who needs empiric therapy - (answer)critically ill pts after first set of cxs
hospitalized pts until css are available
ambulatory pts based on clinical presentation
Penicillins MOA - (answer)inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
penicillins primarily excreted how - (answer)in urine
what needs to be monitored when giving penicillins - (answer)renal function
what happens if renal insufficiency occurs while giving penicillins - (answer)prolonged half-life
leading to toxicity
Penicillin distribution - (answer)-Well distributed to most body tissues
-Penetration to CSF and eye tissues poor in absence of inflammation
narrow-spectrum penicillinase sensitive drugs - (answer)penicillin G
penicillin V
narrow-spectrum penicillinase sensitive susceptible pathogens - (answer)streptococci, Neisseria,
anaerobes
narrow-spectrum penicillinase resistant drugs - (answer)naficillin
oxacillin
dicloxacillin
narrow-spectrum penicillinase resistant susceptible pathogens - (answer)S. Aureus
