Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-
Surgical Nursing
16th Edition
• Author(s)Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H.
Cheever; Kristen J. Overbaugh; Carolyn E.
Bradley
TEST BANK
Question 1
A nurse is explaining the primary purpose of professional
nursing practice to a group of newly hired nurses. Which
statement best reflects the role of nursing?
A. Nursing primarily focuses on diagnosing and curing disease.
B. Nursing promotes health, prevents illness, and provides care
to individuals and groups.
C. Nursing is limited to carrying out prescribed medical
treatments.
,D. Nursing focuses mainly on hospital-based acute care
services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Professional nursing practice encompasses health promotion,
illness prevention, restoration of health, and care for
individuals, families, communities, and populations. Nursing
care extends beyond treatment of disease and includes
advocacy, education, and holistic care. Option A focuses
primarily on medicine rather than nursing. Option C incorrectly
limits nursing to dependent functions. Option D is incorrect
because nursing occurs in diverse settings, not only hospitals.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled
treatment after receiving education about the risks and
benefits. Which ethical principle should guide the nurse’s
response?
A. Beneficence
B. Fidelity
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make independent
decisions regarding care, including the right to refuse
treatment. The nurse must respect informed decisions made by
competent patients. Beneficence involves acting for the
patient’s good. Fidelity refers to keeping commitments. Justice
involves fairness in care delivery.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 3
A nurse identifies that a patient is at high risk for falls after
completing a comprehensive assessment. Which action best
demonstrates evidence-based nursing practice?
A. Applying restraints immediately to prevent injury
B. Using interventions supported by current research and
clinical expertise
C. Implementing only interventions preferred by the physician
D. Waiting until the patient experiences a fall before revising
the care plan
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates current best evidence,
clinical expertise, and patient preferences to improve outcomes
and safety. Applying restraints without indication may increase
harm. Care should not rely solely on physician preference.
Waiting for a fall before intervention fails to prioritize patient
safety.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 4
The nurse manager is reviewing quality indicators on a medical-
surgical unit. Which outcome best reflects high-quality nursing
care?
A. Increased patient length of stay
B. Reduced incidence of hospital-acquired infections
C. Increased use of invasive procedures
D. Decreased patient participation in care decisions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Quality nursing care emphasizes safety, effectiveness, patient-
centered care, and improved outcomes. Reduction in hospital-
acquired infections demonstrates improved patient safety and
quality care. Increased length of stay and unnecessary invasive
Surgical Nursing
16th Edition
• Author(s)Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H.
Cheever; Kristen J. Overbaugh; Carolyn E.
Bradley
TEST BANK
Question 1
A nurse is explaining the primary purpose of professional
nursing practice to a group of newly hired nurses. Which
statement best reflects the role of nursing?
A. Nursing primarily focuses on diagnosing and curing disease.
B. Nursing promotes health, prevents illness, and provides care
to individuals and groups.
C. Nursing is limited to carrying out prescribed medical
treatments.
,D. Nursing focuses mainly on hospital-based acute care
services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Professional nursing practice encompasses health promotion,
illness prevention, restoration of health, and care for
individuals, families, communities, and populations. Nursing
care extends beyond treatment of disease and includes
advocacy, education, and holistic care. Option A focuses
primarily on medicine rather than nursing. Option C incorrectly
limits nursing to dependent functions. Option D is incorrect
because nursing occurs in diverse settings, not only hospitals.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled
treatment after receiving education about the risks and
benefits. Which ethical principle should guide the nurse’s
response?
A. Beneficence
B. Fidelity
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make independent
decisions regarding care, including the right to refuse
treatment. The nurse must respect informed decisions made by
competent patients. Beneficence involves acting for the
patient’s good. Fidelity refers to keeping commitments. Justice
involves fairness in care delivery.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 3
A nurse identifies that a patient is at high risk for falls after
completing a comprehensive assessment. Which action best
demonstrates evidence-based nursing practice?
A. Applying restraints immediately to prevent injury
B. Using interventions supported by current research and
clinical expertise
C. Implementing only interventions preferred by the physician
D. Waiting until the patient experiences a fall before revising
the care plan
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates current best evidence,
clinical expertise, and patient preferences to improve outcomes
and safety. Applying restraints without indication may increase
harm. Care should not rely solely on physician preference.
Waiting for a fall before intervention fails to prioritize patient
safety.
Source:
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,
16th Edition – Unit 1: Principles of Nursing Practice, Chapter 1
Question 4
The nurse manager is reviewing quality indicators on a medical-
surgical unit. Which outcome best reflects high-quality nursing
care?
A. Increased patient length of stay
B. Reduced incidence of hospital-acquired infections
C. Increased use of invasive procedures
D. Decreased patient participation in care decisions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Quality nursing care emphasizes safety, effectiveness, patient-
centered care, and improved outcomes. Reduction in hospital-
acquired infections demonstrates improved patient safety and
quality care. Increased length of stay and unnecessary invasive
