IUPUI Biology K101 Dr. Marrs Final Exam Questions and Answers
1. Some bacteria avoid a host's immune system by means of:: Cloaking the cell with a
watery capsule
2. Even though bacteria lack organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria,
they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain
metabolic enzymes on:: Infoldings of the plasma membrane
3. Extrachromosomal circles of DNA in bacteria called often carry genes
involved in :: Plasmids, antibiotic resistance
4. Clostridium tetani: Tetanus ("Lockjaw")
5. Clostridium botulinum: Botulism (food poisoning)
6. Helicobacter pylori: Stomach ulcers
7. Bacillus anthraxis: Anthrax
8. Neisseria gonorrhea: Gonorrhea
9. Once they appeared on Earth, forever changed the atmosphere on the
earth by the production of large quantities of oxygen gas.: Cyanobacteria
10. Prokaryotes found inhibiting the Great Salt Lake would be the .: Extreme
halophiles
11. The structure in the acompanying figure labeled C (outermost layer) is ,
and the structure indicated by the letter I is :: C-the capsule, I-the flagella
12. What is the function of the structures labeled B?: To adhere to host cells, or bacteria, or
solid substrates; to transmit DNA from one cell to another; to exchange genetic material and genetic traits like antibiotic
resistance between cells
13. The Archaebacteria are typically found in extremely hot environments,
whereas the Archaebacteria are typically found in swampy environments
lacking oxygen.: Extreme thermophile, methanogenic
14. Organisms that share the most DNA homology to mitochondria and chloro-
plasts, respectively, are:: Proteobacteria, cyanobacteria
15. What makes rRNA (or another sequence) a good 'evolutionary chronome-
ter'?: It is universally distributed across group chosen - all organisms have rRNA; It is functionally similar between
organisms - rRNAs all participate in protein synthesis; Its sequence changes slowly - good for looking across long
periods of time; The rRNA sequences can be aligned, or matched up, between 2 organisms.
16. The most significant difference between the Archae and the Eubacteria
is:: The small subunit (16 S) rRNA sequence
, IUPUI Biology K101 Dr. Marrs Final Exam Questions and Answers
17. The first indication that Archae were different from Eubacteria came from:-
: The absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archae
18. Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by: A rigid
cell wall
19. Gram-positive bacteria stain in a gram stain because of the thick layer
of in their cell walls.: Purple; peptidoglycan
20. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes contains the genus Clostrid-
ium, responsible for the human diseases tetanus and botulism?: Gram Positive
Eubacteria
21. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes in the figure above contains
the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, responsible for the human ulcers, and E. coli,
beneficial intestinal bacteria in humans?: Proteobacteria
22. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes might be found in the Great
Salt Lake, the Red Sea, the Dead Sea, but NOT necessarily in the ocean?: Extreme
Halophiles
23. What type of protists have formed massive deposits of chalk, seen in the
White Cliffs of Dover?: Cercozoans (Forams)
24. Pseudopods are used by the members of the clade Amoebozoa for ingesting
food as well as for:: Movement
25. Which of the following is true about Radiolarans?: They capture prey through the use
pseudopods
26. Entamoeba histolytica, parasite that is the causative agent of Amoebic
Dysentery, crawls through the small intestine of its victims via pseudopod
formation. Based on this information, Entamoeba histolytica is a member of
clade: Amoebozoa
27. A commercially important unicellular protist whose silica shells are used in
filters, polishes, toothpaste and various industrial processes are the:: diatoms
28. Protists like represent an intermediate stage in eukaryotic evolution
when cells each had two haploid nuclei but fusion to become a true diploid
organism had not occurred.: Giardia
, IUPUI Biology K101 Dr. Marrs Final Exam Questions and Answers
29. The parasitic protist that causes malaria, Plasmodium, must spend part of its
life cycle in a nonhuman host. What organism(s) serve(s) as the vector for this
life cycle?: mosquitos
30. Trypanosomes are eukaryotes that are currently classified in the Clade: Eu-
glenozoa, since trypanosomes have a flagella with a spiral crystalline rod
31. Which organisms are capable of producing a "red tide", secreting a nerve
agent toxic to humans?: dinoflagellates
32. The mitochondria of eukaryotic cells most likely arose as a result of endosym-
biosis between a eukaryotic cell a .: Gram (-) bacterium like Rickettsia
33. In paramecium and stentor, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands
of short, hairlike :: cilia
34. Euglena and dinoflagellates show Secondary Endosymbiosis in that: they have
three lipid bilayers around their chloroplasts
35. Which parasitic protist has 2 haploid nuclei, 2 pairs of flagella, remnants of
mitochondrial genes (but no intact mitochondria) and lives and reproduces in
the small intestines of mammals?: Giaridia
36. Evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory (Margulis, 1967) includes: similarity be-
tween bacterial size and the size of mitochondria and chloroplasts; the presence of a single circular chromosome in
bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts; reproduction by binary fission in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts;
70S ribosomes in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
37. Evidence that Chara is the direct ancestor of all land plants includes: the
mechanism of cell wall synthesis in Chara and all land plants; the presence of homologous chloroplasts (chlorophylls
a and b, as well as accessory pigments) in Chara and all land plants
38. Which example below is a characteristic shared by all excavates (diplomon-
ads and parabasalids):: Both lack, or have highly reduced, mitochondria
39. Among the protists below, which typically moves with one "tinsel" flagella
and one "smooth" flagella?: Diatoms
40. Aspergillus soyae, one of the fungi used commercially to make soy sauce,
reproduces asexually via conidia but has no known sexual cycle. It is thus
classified as one of the: Deuteromycota
41. A wildlife pathologist is examining some skin tissue from a dead frog. She
notes the presence of a fungus. she cultures the fungal cells and notices that
1. Some bacteria avoid a host's immune system by means of:: Cloaking the cell with a
watery capsule
2. Even though bacteria lack organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria,
they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain
metabolic enzymes on:: Infoldings of the plasma membrane
3. Extrachromosomal circles of DNA in bacteria called often carry genes
involved in :: Plasmids, antibiotic resistance
4. Clostridium tetani: Tetanus ("Lockjaw")
5. Clostridium botulinum: Botulism (food poisoning)
6. Helicobacter pylori: Stomach ulcers
7. Bacillus anthraxis: Anthrax
8. Neisseria gonorrhea: Gonorrhea
9. Once they appeared on Earth, forever changed the atmosphere on the
earth by the production of large quantities of oxygen gas.: Cyanobacteria
10. Prokaryotes found inhibiting the Great Salt Lake would be the .: Extreme
halophiles
11. The structure in the acompanying figure labeled C (outermost layer) is ,
and the structure indicated by the letter I is :: C-the capsule, I-the flagella
12. What is the function of the structures labeled B?: To adhere to host cells, or bacteria, or
solid substrates; to transmit DNA from one cell to another; to exchange genetic material and genetic traits like antibiotic
resistance between cells
13. The Archaebacteria are typically found in extremely hot environments,
whereas the Archaebacteria are typically found in swampy environments
lacking oxygen.: Extreme thermophile, methanogenic
14. Organisms that share the most DNA homology to mitochondria and chloro-
plasts, respectively, are:: Proteobacteria, cyanobacteria
15. What makes rRNA (or another sequence) a good 'evolutionary chronome-
ter'?: It is universally distributed across group chosen - all organisms have rRNA; It is functionally similar between
organisms - rRNAs all participate in protein synthesis; Its sequence changes slowly - good for looking across long
periods of time; The rRNA sequences can be aligned, or matched up, between 2 organisms.
16. The most significant difference between the Archae and the Eubacteria
is:: The small subunit (16 S) rRNA sequence
, IUPUI Biology K101 Dr. Marrs Final Exam Questions and Answers
17. The first indication that Archae were different from Eubacteria came from:-
: The absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archae
18. Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by: A rigid
cell wall
19. Gram-positive bacteria stain in a gram stain because of the thick layer
of in their cell walls.: Purple; peptidoglycan
20. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes contains the genus Clostrid-
ium, responsible for the human diseases tetanus and botulism?: Gram Positive
Eubacteria
21. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes in the figure above contains
the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, responsible for the human ulcers, and E. coli,
beneficial intestinal bacteria in humans?: Proteobacteria
22. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes might be found in the Great
Salt Lake, the Red Sea, the Dead Sea, but NOT necessarily in the ocean?: Extreme
Halophiles
23. What type of protists have formed massive deposits of chalk, seen in the
White Cliffs of Dover?: Cercozoans (Forams)
24. Pseudopods are used by the members of the clade Amoebozoa for ingesting
food as well as for:: Movement
25. Which of the following is true about Radiolarans?: They capture prey through the use
pseudopods
26. Entamoeba histolytica, parasite that is the causative agent of Amoebic
Dysentery, crawls through the small intestine of its victims via pseudopod
formation. Based on this information, Entamoeba histolytica is a member of
clade: Amoebozoa
27. A commercially important unicellular protist whose silica shells are used in
filters, polishes, toothpaste and various industrial processes are the:: diatoms
28. Protists like represent an intermediate stage in eukaryotic evolution
when cells each had two haploid nuclei but fusion to become a true diploid
organism had not occurred.: Giardia
, IUPUI Biology K101 Dr. Marrs Final Exam Questions and Answers
29. The parasitic protist that causes malaria, Plasmodium, must spend part of its
life cycle in a nonhuman host. What organism(s) serve(s) as the vector for this
life cycle?: mosquitos
30. Trypanosomes are eukaryotes that are currently classified in the Clade: Eu-
glenozoa, since trypanosomes have a flagella with a spiral crystalline rod
31. Which organisms are capable of producing a "red tide", secreting a nerve
agent toxic to humans?: dinoflagellates
32. The mitochondria of eukaryotic cells most likely arose as a result of endosym-
biosis between a eukaryotic cell a .: Gram (-) bacterium like Rickettsia
33. In paramecium and stentor, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands
of short, hairlike :: cilia
34. Euglena and dinoflagellates show Secondary Endosymbiosis in that: they have
three lipid bilayers around their chloroplasts
35. Which parasitic protist has 2 haploid nuclei, 2 pairs of flagella, remnants of
mitochondrial genes (but no intact mitochondria) and lives and reproduces in
the small intestines of mammals?: Giaridia
36. Evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory (Margulis, 1967) includes: similarity be-
tween bacterial size and the size of mitochondria and chloroplasts; the presence of a single circular chromosome in
bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts; reproduction by binary fission in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts;
70S ribosomes in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
37. Evidence that Chara is the direct ancestor of all land plants includes: the
mechanism of cell wall synthesis in Chara and all land plants; the presence of homologous chloroplasts (chlorophylls
a and b, as well as accessory pigments) in Chara and all land plants
38. Which example below is a characteristic shared by all excavates (diplomon-
ads and parabasalids):: Both lack, or have highly reduced, mitochondria
39. Among the protists below, which typically moves with one "tinsel" flagella
and one "smooth" flagella?: Diatoms
40. Aspergillus soyae, one of the fungi used commercially to make soy sauce,
reproduces asexually via conidia but has no known sexual cycle. It is thus
classified as one of the: Deuteromycota
41. A wildlife pathologist is examining some skin tissue from a dead frog. She
notes the presence of a fungus. she cultures the fungal cells and notices that
