Elles review advanced pathophysiology
exam 4 maryville university Questions
and Answers 2026 Update
1. Exposure to which substance protects the mucosal barrier
of the stomach?
a. Prostaglandins
b. Helicobacter pylori
c. Aspirin
d. Regurgitated bile - Correct Answers ✅Prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins and enterogastrones, such as gastric
inhibitory peptide, somatostatin, and secretin, inhibit acid
secretion.
1. Glucose transport enhances the absorption of which
electrolyte?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Phosphate
d. Chloride - Correct Answers ✅Sodium. Sodium passes
through the tight junctions and is actively transported across
cell membranes. Sodium and glucose share a common active
transport carrier (sodium-glucose ligand transporter 1
[SGLT1]).
1. What is the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease?
a. Excessive production of hydrochloric acid
b. Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter
, Elles review advanced pathophysiology
exam 4 maryville university Questions
and Answers 2026 Update
c. Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the esophagus
d. Reverse muscular peristalsis of the esophagus - Correct
Answers ✅Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal
sphincter. Normally, the resting tone of the lower esophageal
sphincter maintains a zone of high pressure that prevents
gastroesophageal reflux. In individuals who develop reflux
esophagitis, this pressure tends to be lower than normal from
either transient relaxation or a weakness of the sphincter.
1. By what mechanism does intussusception cause an
intestinal obstruction?
a. Telescoping of part of the intestine into another section of
intestine, usually causing strangulation of the blood supply
b. Twisting the intestine on its mesenteric pedicle, causing
occlusion of the blood supply
c. Loss of peristaltic motor activity in the intestine, causing an
adynamic ileus
d. Forming fibrin and scar tissue that attach to the intestinal
omentum, causing obstruction - Correct Answers ✅A.
Intussusception is the telescoping of part of the intestine into
another section of intestine, usually causing strangulation of
the blood supply.
1. What is the most immediate result of a small intestinal
obstruction?
a. Vomiting
exam 4 maryville university Questions
and Answers 2026 Update
1. Exposure to which substance protects the mucosal barrier
of the stomach?
a. Prostaglandins
b. Helicobacter pylori
c. Aspirin
d. Regurgitated bile - Correct Answers ✅Prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins and enterogastrones, such as gastric
inhibitory peptide, somatostatin, and secretin, inhibit acid
secretion.
1. Glucose transport enhances the absorption of which
electrolyte?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Phosphate
d. Chloride - Correct Answers ✅Sodium. Sodium passes
through the tight junctions and is actively transported across
cell membranes. Sodium and glucose share a common active
transport carrier (sodium-glucose ligand transporter 1
[SGLT1]).
1. What is the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease?
a. Excessive production of hydrochloric acid
b. Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter
, Elles review advanced pathophysiology
exam 4 maryville university Questions
and Answers 2026 Update
c. Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the esophagus
d. Reverse muscular peristalsis of the esophagus - Correct
Answers ✅Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal
sphincter. Normally, the resting tone of the lower esophageal
sphincter maintains a zone of high pressure that prevents
gastroesophageal reflux. In individuals who develop reflux
esophagitis, this pressure tends to be lower than normal from
either transient relaxation or a weakness of the sphincter.
1. By what mechanism does intussusception cause an
intestinal obstruction?
a. Telescoping of part of the intestine into another section of
intestine, usually causing strangulation of the blood supply
b. Twisting the intestine on its mesenteric pedicle, causing
occlusion of the blood supply
c. Loss of peristaltic motor activity in the intestine, causing an
adynamic ileus
d. Forming fibrin and scar tissue that attach to the intestinal
omentum, causing obstruction - Correct Answers ✅A.
Intussusception is the telescoping of part of the intestine into
another section of intestine, usually causing strangulation of
the blood supply.
1. What is the most immediate result of a small intestinal
obstruction?
a. Vomiting
