Grammar
adjectives/adverbs
adj: noun or verb like be, seem, appear, look, become
adv: verbs, adj or other adverb
attention! it is unusual, powerful=> it is unusual and powerful
it is unusually powerful=> it is more powerful than others
adverb position
before main verb, after to be, after auxiliary
sometimes front of sentence (generally, we can deal with most technologies)
Determiners
some: affirmative sentences, request and offers (expected answer yes), approximate
number
any: neg sentences and after never, without, hardly…, questions, affirmative sentence if
meaning is it doesn’t matter which vb any suggestions would be welcome
much: singular uncountable nouns, comparative form of adj lik much easier, certain verbs
many: plural countable nouns
few: not many/ weinig with plural nouns
a few: some/ een paar with plural nouns
little: not much/ weinig with singular verbs
a little: a bit, somewhat/ een beetje with singular nouns
less: singular uncountable nouns and with adj (less attention, less confident)
fewer: plural countable nouns (fewer customers, fewer problems, fewer sucide cravings)
Tenses
simple present:
general truths and permanent situations (i work)
pres progressive:
limited duration, going on at the moment (right now, I’m working)
(know-mean-seem-believe-own-realise-remember-think(opinion)-see(understand)-> normally
not progressive)
past tense:
endpoint in the past (i worked until I was 15 years old)
present perfect:
up to now
stress outcome of action: simple (I have worked to build a business empire)
stress action itself: progressive (I have been working)
past perfect
refer to action before other action id past (I worked before I had vacation)
also often in indirect speech if reporting verb is past (he said: ‘ is has risen.’)
verb drills
not what means that but what does that mean?
not I didn’t found it but I didn’t find it or I haven’t found it
not did it crashed? but did it crash or has it crashed
adjectives/adverbs
adj: noun or verb like be, seem, appear, look, become
adv: verbs, adj or other adverb
attention! it is unusual, powerful=> it is unusual and powerful
it is unusually powerful=> it is more powerful than others
adverb position
before main verb, after to be, after auxiliary
sometimes front of sentence (generally, we can deal with most technologies)
Determiners
some: affirmative sentences, request and offers (expected answer yes), approximate
number
any: neg sentences and after never, without, hardly…, questions, affirmative sentence if
meaning is it doesn’t matter which vb any suggestions would be welcome
much: singular uncountable nouns, comparative form of adj lik much easier, certain verbs
many: plural countable nouns
few: not many/ weinig with plural nouns
a few: some/ een paar with plural nouns
little: not much/ weinig with singular verbs
a little: a bit, somewhat/ een beetje with singular nouns
less: singular uncountable nouns and with adj (less attention, less confident)
fewer: plural countable nouns (fewer customers, fewer problems, fewer sucide cravings)
Tenses
simple present:
general truths and permanent situations (i work)
pres progressive:
limited duration, going on at the moment (right now, I’m working)
(know-mean-seem-believe-own-realise-remember-think(opinion)-see(understand)-> normally
not progressive)
past tense:
endpoint in the past (i worked until I was 15 years old)
present perfect:
up to now
stress outcome of action: simple (I have worked to build a business empire)
stress action itself: progressive (I have been working)
past perfect
refer to action before other action id past (I worked before I had vacation)
also often in indirect speech if reporting verb is past (he said: ‘ is has risen.’)
verb drills
not what means that but what does that mean?
not I didn’t found it but I didn’t find it or I haven’t found it
not did it crashed? but did it crash or has it crashed
