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A 77-year-old female presents with an acute onset of altered mental status. Her son is present and
advises that she has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, and glaucoma. He
further advises that she takes numerous medications and that she is normally alert. When you
assess this patient, it is important to note that: - correct Answers -the patient is experiencing
delirious behavior, which suggests a new health problem.
A specific legal document that directs relatives and caregivers regarding the medical treatment that
may be given to patients who cannot speak for themselves is called a(n): - correct Answers -advance
directive.
An 84-year-old male fell a week ago and has been bedridden since then. Today, he presents with an
altered mental status. His skin is pale and cold and his respirations are rapid and shallow. The EMT
should suspect: - correct Answers -a systemic infection.
An abdominal aortic aneurysm: - correct Answers -is often the result of hypertension and
atherosclerosis.
Because of the complexity of the older patient and the vagueness of his or her complaint, you
should: - correct Answers -attempt to differentiate between chronic and acute problems
Blood levels of medications may rise in the elderly, sometimes to toxic levels. This is MOST likely due
to: - correct Answers -renal insufficiency.
Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called: - correct Answers -cataracts
Common causes of depression in the elderly include all of the following, EXCEPT: - correct Answers -
acute onset of dementia
During the natural process of aging, the number of functional cilia in the respiratory system
decreases, resulting in: - correct Answers -a decreased ability to cough
, n contrast to younger patients, older patients are more prone to a decrease in blood pressure (BP)
upon standing because: - correct Answers -the body is less able to adapt the BP to rapid postural
changes
Poor maintenance of home, poor personal care, and dietary neglect are all possible indicators of
____________ elder abuse. - correct Answers -physical
Sedentary behavior while healing from a hip fracture would MOST likely predispose the older patient
to: - correct Answers -pneumonia.
Talking about an elderly patient in front of him or her to other members of the family: - correct
Answers -may cause the patient to think that he or she has no say in making decisions
The EMT should suspect left-sided heart failure in the geriatric patient who presents with: - correct
Answers -tachypnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
The leading cause of death in the geriatric patient is: - correct Answers -heart disease
The stooped posture of some older people, which gives them a humpback appearance, is called: -
correct Answers -kyphosis.
To minimize distractions and confusion when assessing an older patient, you should: - correct
Answers -have only one EMT speak to the patient at a time
When immobilizing a patient with a kyphotic spine to a long backboard, the EMT would MOST likely
have to: - correct Answers -place blankets behind the patient's head
Which of the following observations or statements represents the "E" in the GEMS diamond? -
correct Answers -The patient's residence is cold due to a malfunctioning heater
You are assessing a 70-year-old female who complains of intense thirst, frequent urination, and
dizziness. She has a history of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Her
blood glucose reads "high." She is conscious, but confused. Her blood pressure is 92/52 mm Hg, her
pulse rate is 130 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min and shallow. This