EMS 1055 ACTUAL COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Abdominal Trauma - ✔✔splenic injury- referred left posterior shoulder pain (Kehr's
sign)
liver injury- referred right posterior shoulder pain
severe hemorrhage
abdominal distention, tenderness, guarding
pelvic tenderness or bony crepitation
✔✔wheezes - ✔✔continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
when bronchioles restrict.
✔✔Rhonchi - ✔✔Rattling noise of mucous in the lungs and upper airway
✔✔fine rales - ✔✔same as course rales but is more low pitched and cracky
✔✔Course Rales - ✔✔when you get fluid in lungs; sounds fluid and crackly
✔✔stridor - ✔✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction
in the pharynx or larynx. sounds like whale. inventory is above vocal chords, expiatory is
below.
✔✔CO posioning - ✔✔hypoxia due to hemoglobin binding
symptoms
-altered LOC
-cherry-red skin color or cyanosis
-progressive cardiac hypoxia
management
-remove from source
-high-flow oxygen
-LOC: intubation, ventilation
-hyperbaric chamber
✔✔Inhalation injuries - ✔✔-Burn related deaths >50%
-mechanism- confined space or entrapment
-classifications- carbon monoxide poisoning, heat inhalation, smoke-inhalation
-onset is delayed
, management
-high flow oxygen
-inhaled beta agonists for bronchospasm
✔✔respiratory system distress In pediatrics - ✔✔characteristics
-abnormal breath sounds
-abnormal positioning
-retractions
-flaring
features to look for
-noisy breathing, snoring, crowing, grunting, or wheezing
-leaning forward while using the arms for support
-retractions above the collarbone or between the ribs
-flaring of the nostrils
✔✔most common pediatric injuries - ✔✔-falls
-MVC's
-auto-pedestrian or bicycle crashes
-burns
-drownings
-child abuse
✔✔Rule of 9's - ✔✔Head and neck = 9%
Upper Ex = 9% each
Lower Ex = 9% each
Front trunk = 18%
Back trunk = 18%
✔✔Rule of 9s in kids - ✔✔head = 18%
trunk = 18% front, 18% back
each leg = 14%
each arm = 9%
✔✔CVA - ✔✔"stroke"
-2 types: Isochemic vs. Hemorrhagic
-Symptoms depend on type of CVA located in brain
- time is tissue
-use FAST exam
✔✔CVA versus TIA - ✔✔TIA fully resolves with no residuals within 24 hours
-cannot differentiate in the acute situation
-treat as CVA
✔✔AMI - ✔✔MI is caused by a blockage in the coronary arteries.
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Abdominal Trauma - ✔✔splenic injury- referred left posterior shoulder pain (Kehr's
sign)
liver injury- referred right posterior shoulder pain
severe hemorrhage
abdominal distention, tenderness, guarding
pelvic tenderness or bony crepitation
✔✔wheezes - ✔✔continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
when bronchioles restrict.
✔✔Rhonchi - ✔✔Rattling noise of mucous in the lungs and upper airway
✔✔fine rales - ✔✔same as course rales but is more low pitched and cracky
✔✔Course Rales - ✔✔when you get fluid in lungs; sounds fluid and crackly
✔✔stridor - ✔✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction
in the pharynx or larynx. sounds like whale. inventory is above vocal chords, expiatory is
below.
✔✔CO posioning - ✔✔hypoxia due to hemoglobin binding
symptoms
-altered LOC
-cherry-red skin color or cyanosis
-progressive cardiac hypoxia
management
-remove from source
-high-flow oxygen
-LOC: intubation, ventilation
-hyperbaric chamber
✔✔Inhalation injuries - ✔✔-Burn related deaths >50%
-mechanism- confined space or entrapment
-classifications- carbon monoxide poisoning, heat inhalation, smoke-inhalation
-onset is delayed
, management
-high flow oxygen
-inhaled beta agonists for bronchospasm
✔✔respiratory system distress In pediatrics - ✔✔characteristics
-abnormal breath sounds
-abnormal positioning
-retractions
-flaring
features to look for
-noisy breathing, snoring, crowing, grunting, or wheezing
-leaning forward while using the arms for support
-retractions above the collarbone or between the ribs
-flaring of the nostrils
✔✔most common pediatric injuries - ✔✔-falls
-MVC's
-auto-pedestrian or bicycle crashes
-burns
-drownings
-child abuse
✔✔Rule of 9's - ✔✔Head and neck = 9%
Upper Ex = 9% each
Lower Ex = 9% each
Front trunk = 18%
Back trunk = 18%
✔✔Rule of 9s in kids - ✔✔head = 18%
trunk = 18% front, 18% back
each leg = 14%
each arm = 9%
✔✔CVA - ✔✔"stroke"
-2 types: Isochemic vs. Hemorrhagic
-Symptoms depend on type of CVA located in brain
- time is tissue
-use FAST exam
✔✔CVA versus TIA - ✔✔TIA fully resolves with no residuals within 24 hours
-cannot differentiate in the acute situation
-treat as CVA
✔✔AMI - ✔✔MI is caused by a blockage in the coronary arteries.
