EMS 1055 EXAMS SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔pulmonary edema - ✔✔-fluid build up in alveolar
-dyspnea with shallow respirations
- MC cause left sided heart failure
-Other causes trauma and medications
-can be seen post MI
-severe cases can present with pink, frothy sputum
-lung sounds show rales
treatment*
-place In high fowler's position
-high flow oxygen may be required
-PPV if patient is unconscious
-exertion will worsen condition
✔✔COPD - ✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- chronic bronchitis-inflammation of the lung tissue, called a "Blue Bloater", rales,
wheezes or rhonchi common with productive cough, skin is cyanotic, obesity and
edema.
- emphysema - elasticity of alveoli is lost and air is trapped, called "Pink Puffer", barrel
chested, pursed lips, wheezes and decreased lung sounds
treatment- sit patient upright, give oxygen as needed, assist with MDI, transport for
further treatment.
✔✔pneumonia - ✔✔-can be viral, bacterial, or fungal
-can damage lung tissue
-productive cough with colored sputum
-may develop with dyspnea signs
✔✔heat stroke - ✔✔most serious heat condition
-body is exposed to more heat than It can handle and normal mechanism for cooling is
not effective.
-as sweating continues, the body loses salts, bringing on painful muscle cramps
-healthy individuals may experience a form of shock brought about by fluid and salt loss
-rise In body temp affects CNS and brain damage can occur
-can be life threatening
✔✔heat stroke signs symptoms and treatments - ✔✔-flushed, hot, DRY, skin
-lethargy
-dilated pupils
-unconsciousness/seizures
-core body temp can reach 106 degrees F (41.1C)
, treatment
-ABC's
-remove patient from hot environment
-remove clothing
-apply cool packs to neck, groin, armpits
-administer oxygen
-transport
✔✔heat exhaustion - ✔✔-common in >80 degree F weather especially in combination
with high humidity
-Profuse sweating, lightheadedness, dizziness, muscle cramps, rapid and shallow
breathing, weak pulse
treatment
-Move patient to a cooler environment, lay supine, give small sips of fluids by mouth
unless patient is unconscious or has N/V, apply moist towels over cramped muscles.
monitor and transport
✔✔shock in pediatrics - ✔✔common causes of shock:
-Diarrhea and/or emesis
-infection (septic)
-trauma (esp abdominal injuries)
-hemorrhage
-anaphylaxis
-poisonings
-cardiac events are rare
treatment
-ensure open airway
-manage severe external hemorrhage
-provide high flow oxygen
-place patient in supine position
-keep patient warm
-immediate transport
✔✔Impaired Patient - ✔✔-trauma involving alcohol or drugs
-substance abusers at greater risk of traumatic injury
-alcohol&drugs leads to a high rate of fatalities
suspicion of alcohol or drug influence:
-use high index of suspicion, physical exam, history, bystanders, evidence at scene to
identify
unique challenges for management:
-under the influence vs. an emergency
SURE A+
✔✔pulmonary edema - ✔✔-fluid build up in alveolar
-dyspnea with shallow respirations
- MC cause left sided heart failure
-Other causes trauma and medications
-can be seen post MI
-severe cases can present with pink, frothy sputum
-lung sounds show rales
treatment*
-place In high fowler's position
-high flow oxygen may be required
-PPV if patient is unconscious
-exertion will worsen condition
✔✔COPD - ✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- chronic bronchitis-inflammation of the lung tissue, called a "Blue Bloater", rales,
wheezes or rhonchi common with productive cough, skin is cyanotic, obesity and
edema.
- emphysema - elasticity of alveoli is lost and air is trapped, called "Pink Puffer", barrel
chested, pursed lips, wheezes and decreased lung sounds
treatment- sit patient upright, give oxygen as needed, assist with MDI, transport for
further treatment.
✔✔pneumonia - ✔✔-can be viral, bacterial, or fungal
-can damage lung tissue
-productive cough with colored sputum
-may develop with dyspnea signs
✔✔heat stroke - ✔✔most serious heat condition
-body is exposed to more heat than It can handle and normal mechanism for cooling is
not effective.
-as sweating continues, the body loses salts, bringing on painful muscle cramps
-healthy individuals may experience a form of shock brought about by fluid and salt loss
-rise In body temp affects CNS and brain damage can occur
-can be life threatening
✔✔heat stroke signs symptoms and treatments - ✔✔-flushed, hot, DRY, skin
-lethargy
-dilated pupils
-unconsciousness/seizures
-core body temp can reach 106 degrees F (41.1C)
, treatment
-ABC's
-remove patient from hot environment
-remove clothing
-apply cool packs to neck, groin, armpits
-administer oxygen
-transport
✔✔heat exhaustion - ✔✔-common in >80 degree F weather especially in combination
with high humidity
-Profuse sweating, lightheadedness, dizziness, muscle cramps, rapid and shallow
breathing, weak pulse
treatment
-Move patient to a cooler environment, lay supine, give small sips of fluids by mouth
unless patient is unconscious or has N/V, apply moist towels over cramped muscles.
monitor and transport
✔✔shock in pediatrics - ✔✔common causes of shock:
-Diarrhea and/or emesis
-infection (septic)
-trauma (esp abdominal injuries)
-hemorrhage
-anaphylaxis
-poisonings
-cardiac events are rare
treatment
-ensure open airway
-manage severe external hemorrhage
-provide high flow oxygen
-place patient in supine position
-keep patient warm
-immediate transport
✔✔Impaired Patient - ✔✔-trauma involving alcohol or drugs
-substance abusers at greater risk of traumatic injury
-alcohol&drugs leads to a high rate of fatalities
suspicion of alcohol or drug influence:
-use high index of suspicion, physical exam, history, bystanders, evidence at scene to
identify
unique challenges for management:
-under the influence vs. an emergency
