EMS 1055 FINAL UPDATED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔insulin shock - ✔✔the result of too much insulin which causes a dangerous drop in
blood glucose.
-looks similar to shock
-skin cool pale and diaphoretic
-altered mentation
-seizures can occur
-administer oral glucose
-patient must eat afterwards
✔✔Beck's Triad - ✔✔-hypotension (narrow pulse pressure)
-neck veins distended
-heart sounds muffled
-paradoxical pulse
-breath sounds equal
✔✔basilar skull fracture - ✔✔fracture at the base of the skull
-raccoon eyes
-battle signs
-takes a while to show up
✔✔OPA (oropharyngeal airway) - ✔✔Oral airway
Used to maintain or open a patient's airway. It does this by preventing the tongue from
covering the epiglottis.
*used in patients with no gag reflex
*measure from the edge of the mouth to the angle of the jaw to determine the correct
size .
*insert with the tip pointing to the top of the head then rotate 180 degrees until position
✔✔NPA (nasal trumpet) - ✔✔-can use on patients with a gag reflex
-patients who are snoring or have ETOH are common
-measure from the nare to the tip of the earlobe
-use surgical lube to help with insertion
- right nare is usually largest
✔✔how to open airway - ✔✔head tilt chin lift
-*do not perform on suspected c-spine injury
jaw thrust maneuver
- *use if you suspect a neck injury and tilt head to slight sniffing position or neutral
position. use thumbs to pull down lower jaw.
✔✔KED - ✔✔Kendrick Extrication Device
,-used to extricate patients in a sitting position when spinal injury is suspected
-do NOT use when patient is unstable-straps need to be applied in specific order:
Middle (yellow), Bottom (red), leg straps, headstraps, top (green)
-"My Baby Looks Hot Tonight
✔✔AVPU - ✔✔Alert, Verbally responsive, Pain responsive, Unresponsive
✔✔Golden Hour - ✔✔the 60-minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum
acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured
trauma patient.
✔✔common illnesses in geriatrics - ✔✔-cardiovascular diseases
-CVA and AAA
-chronic respiratory disease
-acute respiratory disease
-cancer
-altered mental status
✔✔when to stop primary survey - ✔✔-scene becomes unsafe
-exsanguinating hemorrhage
-airway obstruction
-cardiac arrest
✔✔Categories of shock - ✔✔-hypovolemic shock
-distributive shock or high space shock
-obstructive shock
-cardiogenic shock
✔✔common causes of decreased LOC in geriatrics - ✔✔-lack of adequate oxygen to
the brain
-low blood glucose level
-hypothermia
-sepsis
✔✔Glasgow Coma Scale - ✔✔eyes, verbal, motor
Max- 15 pts,
below 8= coma
✔✔croup - ✔✔-an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by
obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough
-swelling of pharynx, larynx, and trachea
-drooling
-responds well to humidified oxygen
✔✔Epiglottitis - ✔✔-bacterial infection of the epiglottis
, -can be severe and cause airway obstruction
-stridor
-high-pitch cough
-more common in non-vaccinated
✔✔pulmonary edema - ✔✔-fluid build up in alveolar
-dyspnea with shallow respirations
- MC cause left sided heart failure
-Other causes trauma and medications
-can be seen post MI
-severe cases can present with pink, frothy sputum
-lung sounds show rales
treatment*
-place In high fowler's position
-high flow oxygen may be required
-PPV if patient is unconscious
-exertion will worsen condition
✔✔COPD - ✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- chronic bronchitis-inflammation of the lung tissue, called a "Blue Bloater", rales,
wheezes or rhonchi common with productive cough, skin is cyanotic, obesity and
edema.
- emphysema - elasticity of alveoli is lost and air is trapped, called "Pink Puffer", barrel
chested, pursed lips, wheezes and decreased lung sounds
treatment- sit patient upright, give oxygen as needed, assist with MDI, transport for
further treatment.
✔✔pneumonia - ✔✔-can be viral, bacterial, or fungal
-can damage lung tissue
-productive cough with colored sputum
-may develop with dyspnea signs
✔✔heat stroke - ✔✔most serious heat condition
-body is exposed to more heat than It can handle and normal mechanism for cooling is
not effective.
-as sweating continues, the body loses salts, bringing on painful muscle cramps
-healthy individuals may experience a form of shock brought about by fluid and salt loss
-rise In body temp affects CNS and brain damage can occur
-can be life threatening
✔✔heat stroke signs symptoms and treatments - ✔✔-flushed, hot, DRY, skin
-lethargy
-dilated pupils
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔insulin shock - ✔✔the result of too much insulin which causes a dangerous drop in
blood glucose.
-looks similar to shock
-skin cool pale and diaphoretic
-altered mentation
-seizures can occur
-administer oral glucose
-patient must eat afterwards
✔✔Beck's Triad - ✔✔-hypotension (narrow pulse pressure)
-neck veins distended
-heart sounds muffled
-paradoxical pulse
-breath sounds equal
✔✔basilar skull fracture - ✔✔fracture at the base of the skull
-raccoon eyes
-battle signs
-takes a while to show up
✔✔OPA (oropharyngeal airway) - ✔✔Oral airway
Used to maintain or open a patient's airway. It does this by preventing the tongue from
covering the epiglottis.
*used in patients with no gag reflex
*measure from the edge of the mouth to the angle of the jaw to determine the correct
size .
*insert with the tip pointing to the top of the head then rotate 180 degrees until position
✔✔NPA (nasal trumpet) - ✔✔-can use on patients with a gag reflex
-patients who are snoring or have ETOH are common
-measure from the nare to the tip of the earlobe
-use surgical lube to help with insertion
- right nare is usually largest
✔✔how to open airway - ✔✔head tilt chin lift
-*do not perform on suspected c-spine injury
jaw thrust maneuver
- *use if you suspect a neck injury and tilt head to slight sniffing position or neutral
position. use thumbs to pull down lower jaw.
✔✔KED - ✔✔Kendrick Extrication Device
,-used to extricate patients in a sitting position when spinal injury is suspected
-do NOT use when patient is unstable-straps need to be applied in specific order:
Middle (yellow), Bottom (red), leg straps, headstraps, top (green)
-"My Baby Looks Hot Tonight
✔✔AVPU - ✔✔Alert, Verbally responsive, Pain responsive, Unresponsive
✔✔Golden Hour - ✔✔the 60-minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum
acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured
trauma patient.
✔✔common illnesses in geriatrics - ✔✔-cardiovascular diseases
-CVA and AAA
-chronic respiratory disease
-acute respiratory disease
-cancer
-altered mental status
✔✔when to stop primary survey - ✔✔-scene becomes unsafe
-exsanguinating hemorrhage
-airway obstruction
-cardiac arrest
✔✔Categories of shock - ✔✔-hypovolemic shock
-distributive shock or high space shock
-obstructive shock
-cardiogenic shock
✔✔common causes of decreased LOC in geriatrics - ✔✔-lack of adequate oxygen to
the brain
-low blood glucose level
-hypothermia
-sepsis
✔✔Glasgow Coma Scale - ✔✔eyes, verbal, motor
Max- 15 pts,
below 8= coma
✔✔croup - ✔✔-an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by
obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough
-swelling of pharynx, larynx, and trachea
-drooling
-responds well to humidified oxygen
✔✔Epiglottitis - ✔✔-bacterial infection of the epiglottis
, -can be severe and cause airway obstruction
-stridor
-high-pitch cough
-more common in non-vaccinated
✔✔pulmonary edema - ✔✔-fluid build up in alveolar
-dyspnea with shallow respirations
- MC cause left sided heart failure
-Other causes trauma and medications
-can be seen post MI
-severe cases can present with pink, frothy sputum
-lung sounds show rales
treatment*
-place In high fowler's position
-high flow oxygen may be required
-PPV if patient is unconscious
-exertion will worsen condition
✔✔COPD - ✔✔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- chronic bronchitis-inflammation of the lung tissue, called a "Blue Bloater", rales,
wheezes or rhonchi common with productive cough, skin is cyanotic, obesity and
edema.
- emphysema - elasticity of alveoli is lost and air is trapped, called "Pink Puffer", barrel
chested, pursed lips, wheezes and decreased lung sounds
treatment- sit patient upright, give oxygen as needed, assist with MDI, transport for
further treatment.
✔✔pneumonia - ✔✔-can be viral, bacterial, or fungal
-can damage lung tissue
-productive cough with colored sputum
-may develop with dyspnea signs
✔✔heat stroke - ✔✔most serious heat condition
-body is exposed to more heat than It can handle and normal mechanism for cooling is
not effective.
-as sweating continues, the body loses salts, bringing on painful muscle cramps
-healthy individuals may experience a form of shock brought about by fluid and salt loss
-rise In body temp affects CNS and brain damage can occur
-can be life threatening
✔✔heat stroke signs symptoms and treatments - ✔✔-flushed, hot, DRY, skin
-lethargy
-dilated pupils
