CBIS STUDY 2026 EXAM GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Functions of the Temporal Lobe - ✔✔Hearing functions, memory, understanding
language, organization and sequencing
✔✔Functions of the Brain Stem - ✔✔Breathing, HR, arousal, consciousness,
sleep/wake functions, attention, concentration
Transmits all sensory information from body to brain and movement signals from the
brain to the body
Contains sensory centers for hearing, touch, taste, and balance
Even if the cerebral cortex is gravelly damaged, the brain stem can keep someone alive
- or in a vegetative state
✔✔Functions of the Cerebellum - ✔✔Balance, coordination, skilled motor activity
✔✔Reticular Activating System (RAS) - ✔✔Part of the brain stem - collection of nerve
fibers that modulate changed in arousal, alertness, concentration, and biological
rhythms
Can be turned down or up much like a light dimmer switch - i.e during a coma, it is
turned down - if turned down too much, can result in death
✔✔Medulla - ✔✔Part of the brain stem- responsible for basic living functions such as
breathing, HR, BP, swallowing, and vomiting
✔✔Pons - ✔✔Part of the brain stem- responsible for facial movements, facial sensation,
hearing and coordinating eye movements
Serves as a bridge between the cerebral cortex (thinking part of brain) and cerebellum
(moving part of brain)
Damage can cause decreased coordination and poor control of body movements
✔✔Midbrain - ✔✔Part of the brain stem - responsible for elementary forms of seeing
and hearing, alertness, arousal
✔✔Thalamus - ✔✔Part of the diencephalon - major relay station for incoming and
outgoing sensory information except for smell
✔✔Hypothalamus - ✔✔Part of the diencephalon - control center for hunger, thirst,
sexual responses, endocrine levels, temperature regulation, hormone release
,"The conductor of the emotional orchestra"
✔✔Functions of the Limbic System - ✔✔Drives basic instincts, "animal-like" aspects of
a human - if damaged can cause emotional responses that can become uncontrollable
✔✔Amygdala - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - responsible for emotional memories,
closely tied to sense of smell
"Fight of flight structure"
✔✔Hippocampus - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - responsible for the organization of
memories
Described at the pole in a closet - without pole, all clothing falls - without hippocampus
memories become disorganized
✔✔Basal Ganglia - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - relays information from cerebral
cortex to brain stem and cerebellum for movement, the checking system that comes to
attention when things are not working as they should be i.e. restoring equilibrium
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔Governs a person's movements by controlling rate, direction, force
and steadiness of movements
✔✔Cerebral Cortex - ✔✔Made up of right and left hemisphere and corpus collosum
✔✔Functions of the Right Hemisphere - ✔✔Holistic, visual spatial and , intuitive in
nature
Associated with art, shapes, music, and faces
✔✔Functions of Left Hemipshere - ✔✔Linear, verbal-analytic, logical in nature
Associated with speaking, reading, and calculating
✔✔Corpus Collosum - ✔✔Pencil-thick band that exhanges info between L and R
hemispheres
✔✔Afferent Signals - ✔✔Signals sent along the spinal cord through foremen magnum
towards the central nervous system
✔✔Efferent Signals - ✔✔Signals sent from the central nervous system to the rest of the
body through the foramen magnum via the spinal cord
, ✔✔Cervical Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 7 vertebrae, primary function to support and
move the skull
✔✔Thoracic Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 12 vertebrae, primary function is stability
✔✔Lumbar Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 5 vertebrae, primary function is weight bearing
✔✔Sacral Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 5 vertebrae, located at the base of the spine
meeting the pelvis
✔✔CT Scan - ✔✔X-ray used in conjunction with a computer, only capable of showing
what the naked eye can see
✔✔MRI - ✔✔Uses magnetic field in conjunction with a computer, a more detailed scan
ideal for seeing soft tissue damage, can detect changes in blood flow and track cellular
activity
✔✔Blood Brain Barrier - ✔✔A filter within the red blood cells which allows blood to enter
the brain but blocks harmful substances from entering
✔✔Neuroplasticity - ✔✔The ability of the nervous system to change, grow, or
compensate for an injury
The brain can change and re-map! Based on the Hebbian Principle which states that
every rehearsal of a skill strengthens memory trace in the brain
*Hippocampus may contain stem cells which can generate new brain cells if optimized
by therapy!
✔✔Synaptogenesis - ✔✔A part of nueroplasticity - the formation of synapses between
nuerons
The more synapses there are the more efficiently nuerons can communicate!
✔✔Nueroprotection - ✔✔Preventing secondary damage post injury
✔✔Apoptosis - ✔✔Process in which a brain cell self destructs if it is not working as it
should be
✔✔Experience Dependent Learning - ✔✔Neural connections that are established which
depend entirely on and are due to an environmental experience
✔✔Autonomic Storming - ✔✔Also called dysautonomia, autonomic hyperreflexia,
sympathetic storming
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Functions of the Temporal Lobe - ✔✔Hearing functions, memory, understanding
language, organization and sequencing
✔✔Functions of the Brain Stem - ✔✔Breathing, HR, arousal, consciousness,
sleep/wake functions, attention, concentration
Transmits all sensory information from body to brain and movement signals from the
brain to the body
Contains sensory centers for hearing, touch, taste, and balance
Even if the cerebral cortex is gravelly damaged, the brain stem can keep someone alive
- or in a vegetative state
✔✔Functions of the Cerebellum - ✔✔Balance, coordination, skilled motor activity
✔✔Reticular Activating System (RAS) - ✔✔Part of the brain stem - collection of nerve
fibers that modulate changed in arousal, alertness, concentration, and biological
rhythms
Can be turned down or up much like a light dimmer switch - i.e during a coma, it is
turned down - if turned down too much, can result in death
✔✔Medulla - ✔✔Part of the brain stem- responsible for basic living functions such as
breathing, HR, BP, swallowing, and vomiting
✔✔Pons - ✔✔Part of the brain stem- responsible for facial movements, facial sensation,
hearing and coordinating eye movements
Serves as a bridge between the cerebral cortex (thinking part of brain) and cerebellum
(moving part of brain)
Damage can cause decreased coordination and poor control of body movements
✔✔Midbrain - ✔✔Part of the brain stem - responsible for elementary forms of seeing
and hearing, alertness, arousal
✔✔Thalamus - ✔✔Part of the diencephalon - major relay station for incoming and
outgoing sensory information except for smell
✔✔Hypothalamus - ✔✔Part of the diencephalon - control center for hunger, thirst,
sexual responses, endocrine levels, temperature regulation, hormone release
,"The conductor of the emotional orchestra"
✔✔Functions of the Limbic System - ✔✔Drives basic instincts, "animal-like" aspects of
a human - if damaged can cause emotional responses that can become uncontrollable
✔✔Amygdala - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - responsible for emotional memories,
closely tied to sense of smell
"Fight of flight structure"
✔✔Hippocampus - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - responsible for the organization of
memories
Described at the pole in a closet - without pole, all clothing falls - without hippocampus
memories become disorganized
✔✔Basal Ganglia - ✔✔Part of the limbic system - relays information from cerebral
cortex to brain stem and cerebellum for movement, the checking system that comes to
attention when things are not working as they should be i.e. restoring equilibrium
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔Governs a person's movements by controlling rate, direction, force
and steadiness of movements
✔✔Cerebral Cortex - ✔✔Made up of right and left hemisphere and corpus collosum
✔✔Functions of the Right Hemisphere - ✔✔Holistic, visual spatial and , intuitive in
nature
Associated with art, shapes, music, and faces
✔✔Functions of Left Hemipshere - ✔✔Linear, verbal-analytic, logical in nature
Associated with speaking, reading, and calculating
✔✔Corpus Collosum - ✔✔Pencil-thick band that exhanges info between L and R
hemispheres
✔✔Afferent Signals - ✔✔Signals sent along the spinal cord through foremen magnum
towards the central nervous system
✔✔Efferent Signals - ✔✔Signals sent from the central nervous system to the rest of the
body through the foramen magnum via the spinal cord
, ✔✔Cervical Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 7 vertebrae, primary function to support and
move the skull
✔✔Thoracic Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 12 vertebrae, primary function is stability
✔✔Lumbar Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 5 vertebrae, primary function is weight bearing
✔✔Sacral Vertebrae - ✔✔Made up of 5 vertebrae, located at the base of the spine
meeting the pelvis
✔✔CT Scan - ✔✔X-ray used in conjunction with a computer, only capable of showing
what the naked eye can see
✔✔MRI - ✔✔Uses magnetic field in conjunction with a computer, a more detailed scan
ideal for seeing soft tissue damage, can detect changes in blood flow and track cellular
activity
✔✔Blood Brain Barrier - ✔✔A filter within the red blood cells which allows blood to enter
the brain but blocks harmful substances from entering
✔✔Neuroplasticity - ✔✔The ability of the nervous system to change, grow, or
compensate for an injury
The brain can change and re-map! Based on the Hebbian Principle which states that
every rehearsal of a skill strengthens memory trace in the brain
*Hippocampus may contain stem cells which can generate new brain cells if optimized
by therapy!
✔✔Synaptogenesis - ✔✔A part of nueroplasticity - the formation of synapses between
nuerons
The more synapses there are the more efficiently nuerons can communicate!
✔✔Nueroprotection - ✔✔Preventing secondary damage post injury
✔✔Apoptosis - ✔✔Process in which a brain cell self destructs if it is not working as it
should be
✔✔Experience Dependent Learning - ✔✔Neural connections that are established which
depend entirely on and are due to an environmental experience
✔✔Autonomic Storming - ✔✔Also called dysautonomia, autonomic hyperreflexia,
sympathetic storming
