BMGT364 CORE MAIN EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Culture as a liability - ✔✔Institutionalization
Barriers to Change
Barriers to Diversity
Barriers to Acquisitions and Mergers
✔✔Organizational Climate - ✔✔The shared perceptions organizational members have
about their organization and work environment
✔✔ Week 9: Groups - ✔✔
✔✔Groups - ✔✔Two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who come
together to achieve particular objectives
✔✔Formal Groups - ✔✔Defined by the organization's structure
✔✔Informal Groups - ✔✔Neither formally structured nor organizationally determined
✔✔Ingroup/Outgroup Favoritism - ✔✔When we see members of our group as better
than other people and people not in our group as all the same
- Usually is an identified other group
- Ravens fans hating cowboys fans
✔✔Social Identity Theory - ✔✔Perspective that considers when and why individuals
consider themselves members of groups
1. Individuals strive to maintain or enhance their self-esteem
2. Social groups and the membership of them are associated with positive or negative
value connotations.
3. The evaluation of one's own group is determined with reference to specific other
groups through social comparisons in term of value-laden attributes & characteristics
✔✔Punctuated Equilibrium Model - ✔✔A set of phases that temporary groups go
through that involves transitions between inertia and activity
✔✔Tuckman's Stages of Team Development - ✔✔1. Forming - What are the
boundaries? Who's in charge?
2. Storming - Ideas remain committed to, conflict occurs
3. Norming - Realization of cooperation to accomplish shared goals
4. Performing - Members are comfortable and make progress
5. Adjourning - Members experience emotions as they disengage and separate
, ✔✔Role Types - ✔✔Role: Set of expected behavior patterns that are attributed given a
position in a social unit.
Role Perception: Our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation
Role Expectations: How others believe you should act in a given situation
Role Conflict: When multiple roles are incompatible
✔✔Work-Family Conflict - ✔✔Feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by
incompatible demands from one's job and one's family.
- data shows they are negatively correlated with job and life satisfaction
✔✔Norms - ✔✔Acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the
group's members
✔✔Reference Groups - ✔✔Groups in which a person is aware of other members,
defines self as a member, believes group members to be significant.
- Individuals try to conform to norms of these groups
✔✔Norms and Behavior - ✔✔Norms are the informal rules that groups adopt to regulate
and regularize group members' behavior.
Increase predictability, so group members anticipate each other's actions, makes
boundaries clear
✔✔Status - ✔✔A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by
others.
Determined by:
The power a person wields over others
A person's ability to contribute to a group's goals
An individual's personal characteristics
✔✔Impact of Status - ✔✔High-status members often have more freedom to deviate
from norms and are better able to resist conformity pressures.
High status people are more assertive
Low status members may not participate
Group creativity may suffer
✔✔Size - ✔✔Smaller groups are faster at completing tasks - members perform better
Large groups are consistently better at problem solving
✔✔Social Loafing - ✔✔Tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working
collectively than alone
✔✔Preventing Social Loading - ✔✔Set group goals
Increase inter-group competition
Engage in peer evaluation
Select members who have high motivation and like to work in groups
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Culture as a liability - ✔✔Institutionalization
Barriers to Change
Barriers to Diversity
Barriers to Acquisitions and Mergers
✔✔Organizational Climate - ✔✔The shared perceptions organizational members have
about their organization and work environment
✔✔ Week 9: Groups - ✔✔
✔✔Groups - ✔✔Two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who come
together to achieve particular objectives
✔✔Formal Groups - ✔✔Defined by the organization's structure
✔✔Informal Groups - ✔✔Neither formally structured nor organizationally determined
✔✔Ingroup/Outgroup Favoritism - ✔✔When we see members of our group as better
than other people and people not in our group as all the same
- Usually is an identified other group
- Ravens fans hating cowboys fans
✔✔Social Identity Theory - ✔✔Perspective that considers when and why individuals
consider themselves members of groups
1. Individuals strive to maintain or enhance their self-esteem
2. Social groups and the membership of them are associated with positive or negative
value connotations.
3. The evaluation of one's own group is determined with reference to specific other
groups through social comparisons in term of value-laden attributes & characteristics
✔✔Punctuated Equilibrium Model - ✔✔A set of phases that temporary groups go
through that involves transitions between inertia and activity
✔✔Tuckman's Stages of Team Development - ✔✔1. Forming - What are the
boundaries? Who's in charge?
2. Storming - Ideas remain committed to, conflict occurs
3. Norming - Realization of cooperation to accomplish shared goals
4. Performing - Members are comfortable and make progress
5. Adjourning - Members experience emotions as they disengage and separate
, ✔✔Role Types - ✔✔Role: Set of expected behavior patterns that are attributed given a
position in a social unit.
Role Perception: Our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation
Role Expectations: How others believe you should act in a given situation
Role Conflict: When multiple roles are incompatible
✔✔Work-Family Conflict - ✔✔Feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by
incompatible demands from one's job and one's family.
- data shows they are negatively correlated with job and life satisfaction
✔✔Norms - ✔✔Acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the
group's members
✔✔Reference Groups - ✔✔Groups in which a person is aware of other members,
defines self as a member, believes group members to be significant.
- Individuals try to conform to norms of these groups
✔✔Norms and Behavior - ✔✔Norms are the informal rules that groups adopt to regulate
and regularize group members' behavior.
Increase predictability, so group members anticipate each other's actions, makes
boundaries clear
✔✔Status - ✔✔A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by
others.
Determined by:
The power a person wields over others
A person's ability to contribute to a group's goals
An individual's personal characteristics
✔✔Impact of Status - ✔✔High-status members often have more freedom to deviate
from norms and are better able to resist conformity pressures.
High status people are more assertive
Low status members may not participate
Group creativity may suffer
✔✔Size - ✔✔Smaller groups are faster at completing tasks - members perform better
Large groups are consistently better at problem solving
✔✔Social Loafing - ✔✔Tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working
collectively than alone
✔✔Preventing Social Loading - ✔✔Set group goals
Increase inter-group competition
Engage in peer evaluation
Select members who have high motivation and like to work in groups
