COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH FINAL IV
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Gentamicin Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: allergy to any
aminoglycoside; pregnancy D; lactation; damage to acoustic nerve
w/hearing loss; presence of tinnitus or vertigo; renal disorders;
chronic neuromuscular disorders; dehydration hypocalcemia
◉ Gentamicin Adverse Effects. Answer: tinnitus, HA, & vertigo
(elevated trough levels), can increase ototoxicity; nephrotoxicity
(polyuria, dilute urine, protein & casts in urine, elevated BUN,
creatinine)
◉ Gentamicin Interactions. Answer: vancomycin, ethacrynic acid,
furosemide, & other ototoxic drugs increase risk for ototoxicity;
amphotericin B, NSAIDs, or other nephrotoxic drugs increase risk for
nephrotoxicity; penicillin, cephalosporin's, & heparin shouldn't be
mixed in the same IV solution; prolonged respiratory paralysis can
occur when used in combo w/ neuromuscular blockers
(pancuronium, succinylcholine [anectine])
,◉ Gentamicin Nursing Implications. Answer: report TINNITUS +
other symptoms of earlyototoxicity; monitor peak & trough levels;
monitor lab values-BUN, creatinine, urine for protein, casts & report
elevations BC can cause nephrotoxicity (polyuria, dilute urine,
protein & casts, elevated BUN, creatinine); gently press inner
canthus for 1-2 mins after eye drops to prevent systemic absorption;
don't apply to large skin areas (BC risk for toxicity); IM injections go
deep into large muscles; IV given as intermittent infusion; use a
preservative-free form;
◉ Gentamicin Patient Teaching. Answer: report onset of tinnitus, HA,
vertigo, hearing loss; report an increase in the output of dilute urine
◉ Haloperidol. Answer: Haldol
◉ Haloperidol Indications. Answer: anti-psychotic; used for treating
schizophrenia by blocking norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine,
&histamine receptors
◉ Haloperidol Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: previous
allergy to any phenothiazine drugs; alcohol withdrawal; bone
marrow suppression; CNS depression; Reye's syndrome; children
younger than 6 months; COPD; glaucoma; DM; HPT; prostatic
hypertrophy; HX of breast cancer; thyroid, cardiac or liver disorders
,◉ Haloperidol Adverse Effects. Answer: akathisia, acute dystonia,
tardive dyskinesia, Parkinson-like symptoms; anti-cholinergic
effects; suppressed sexual drive, erectile dysfunction; severe cardiac
dysrhythmias; dermatitis, photosensitivity w/ sun exposure;
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)-high fever, rigidity, VS
instability, LOC
◉ Haloperidol Interactions. Answer: CNS depressants increase
sedation; blood levels of anti-seizure drugs decrease
◉ Haloperidol Nursing Implications. Answer: treat any movement
disorders; monitor for anti-cholinergic effects; check for
constipation; counsel PT about sexual dysfunction; monitor VS,
ECGs, & K levels; if PT develops neuroleptic syndrome, tx w/
dantrolene & bromocriptine; give PO w/ food &/or 9 oz of water to
prevent GI effects; give IM into large muscles & rotate sites; keep PT
recumbent for 30 mins after IM or IV dosing due to possible
hypotension; IV form is incompatible w/multiple drugs; give IV
bolus no faster than 1mg/min
◉ Haloperidol Patient Teaching. Answer: report symptoms of
akathisia, Parkinson's, acute dystonia, & tardive dyskinesia; teach
about anti-cholinergic effects (urinate just before taking the drug &
increase fluids/fiber, & chew gum or suck hard candy to treat dry
mouth); report the onset of sexual dysfunction; report palpitations,
fainting spells, or other cardiac symptoms; report sudden fevers;
, avoid sun exposure (use sunscreen, protective clothing, and
sunglasses)
◉ Heparin. Answer: Hemochron, Hep-Lock
◉ Heparin Indications. Answer: anti-coagulant, factor Xa/thrombin
inhibitor; treats evolving cerebrovascular accident, pulm embolism,
or massive deep-venous thrombosis; adjunct therapy during
angioplasty, open-heart surgery, hemodialysis, or blood transfusion;
prophylaxis for post-op venous thrombosis & pulm emboli; acute MI
(with thrombolytic therapy); ischemic complications of unstable
angina & some dysrhythmias; disseminated intravascular
coagulation
◉ Heparin Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: uncontrollable
bleeding; severe thrombocytopenia; lumbar puncture, regional
anesthesia, and brain, eyes, or spinal cord surgery; pregnant women
(BC threat of spontaneous abortion occurring); hemophilia;
increased capillary permeability; dissecting aneurysm; peptic ulcer
disease; severe HPT; hepatic or renal disease
◉ Heparin Adverse Effects. Answer: hemorrhage; thrombocytopenia
(low platelet count); hypersensitivity reactions; neurological injury
(from hematoma formation during lumbar puncture or epidural
anesthesia)
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Gentamicin Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: allergy to any
aminoglycoside; pregnancy D; lactation; damage to acoustic nerve
w/hearing loss; presence of tinnitus or vertigo; renal disorders;
chronic neuromuscular disorders; dehydration hypocalcemia
◉ Gentamicin Adverse Effects. Answer: tinnitus, HA, & vertigo
(elevated trough levels), can increase ototoxicity; nephrotoxicity
(polyuria, dilute urine, protein & casts in urine, elevated BUN,
creatinine)
◉ Gentamicin Interactions. Answer: vancomycin, ethacrynic acid,
furosemide, & other ototoxic drugs increase risk for ototoxicity;
amphotericin B, NSAIDs, or other nephrotoxic drugs increase risk for
nephrotoxicity; penicillin, cephalosporin's, & heparin shouldn't be
mixed in the same IV solution; prolonged respiratory paralysis can
occur when used in combo w/ neuromuscular blockers
(pancuronium, succinylcholine [anectine])
,◉ Gentamicin Nursing Implications. Answer: report TINNITUS +
other symptoms of earlyototoxicity; monitor peak & trough levels;
monitor lab values-BUN, creatinine, urine for protein, casts & report
elevations BC can cause nephrotoxicity (polyuria, dilute urine,
protein & casts, elevated BUN, creatinine); gently press inner
canthus for 1-2 mins after eye drops to prevent systemic absorption;
don't apply to large skin areas (BC risk for toxicity); IM injections go
deep into large muscles; IV given as intermittent infusion; use a
preservative-free form;
◉ Gentamicin Patient Teaching. Answer: report onset of tinnitus, HA,
vertigo, hearing loss; report an increase in the output of dilute urine
◉ Haloperidol. Answer: Haldol
◉ Haloperidol Indications. Answer: anti-psychotic; used for treating
schizophrenia by blocking norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine,
&histamine receptors
◉ Haloperidol Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: previous
allergy to any phenothiazine drugs; alcohol withdrawal; bone
marrow suppression; CNS depression; Reye's syndrome; children
younger than 6 months; COPD; glaucoma; DM; HPT; prostatic
hypertrophy; HX of breast cancer; thyroid, cardiac or liver disorders
,◉ Haloperidol Adverse Effects. Answer: akathisia, acute dystonia,
tardive dyskinesia, Parkinson-like symptoms; anti-cholinergic
effects; suppressed sexual drive, erectile dysfunction; severe cardiac
dysrhythmias; dermatitis, photosensitivity w/ sun exposure;
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)-high fever, rigidity, VS
instability, LOC
◉ Haloperidol Interactions. Answer: CNS depressants increase
sedation; blood levels of anti-seizure drugs decrease
◉ Haloperidol Nursing Implications. Answer: treat any movement
disorders; monitor for anti-cholinergic effects; check for
constipation; counsel PT about sexual dysfunction; monitor VS,
ECGs, & K levels; if PT develops neuroleptic syndrome, tx w/
dantrolene & bromocriptine; give PO w/ food &/or 9 oz of water to
prevent GI effects; give IM into large muscles & rotate sites; keep PT
recumbent for 30 mins after IM or IV dosing due to possible
hypotension; IV form is incompatible w/multiple drugs; give IV
bolus no faster than 1mg/min
◉ Haloperidol Patient Teaching. Answer: report symptoms of
akathisia, Parkinson's, acute dystonia, & tardive dyskinesia; teach
about anti-cholinergic effects (urinate just before taking the drug &
increase fluids/fiber, & chew gum or suck hard candy to treat dry
mouth); report the onset of sexual dysfunction; report palpitations,
fainting spells, or other cardiac symptoms; report sudden fevers;
, avoid sun exposure (use sunscreen, protective clothing, and
sunglasses)
◉ Heparin. Answer: Hemochron, Hep-Lock
◉ Heparin Indications. Answer: anti-coagulant, factor Xa/thrombin
inhibitor; treats evolving cerebrovascular accident, pulm embolism,
or massive deep-venous thrombosis; adjunct therapy during
angioplasty, open-heart surgery, hemodialysis, or blood transfusion;
prophylaxis for post-op venous thrombosis & pulm emboli; acute MI
(with thrombolytic therapy); ischemic complications of unstable
angina & some dysrhythmias; disseminated intravascular
coagulation
◉ Heparin Contraindications/Precautions. Answer: uncontrollable
bleeding; severe thrombocytopenia; lumbar puncture, regional
anesthesia, and brain, eyes, or spinal cord surgery; pregnant women
(BC threat of spontaneous abortion occurring); hemophilia;
increased capillary permeability; dissecting aneurysm; peptic ulcer
disease; severe HPT; hepatic or renal disease
◉ Heparin Adverse Effects. Answer: hemorrhage; thrombocytopenia
(low platelet count); hypersensitivity reactions; neurological injury
(from hematoma formation during lumbar puncture or epidural
anesthesia)
