STATES OF MATTER, AND WATER | 2026
PRACTICE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS, AND
RATIONALES
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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Rationales Included
, Kinetic Molecular Theory Theory that all matter is composed of particles (atoms and molecules) moving
constantly in random directions.
Molecule motion changes as is heat added or removed.
What does the phase of a substance depend on? 1. Temperature
2. Pressure
Mass Amount of matter in an object, the number of molecules
Volume Amount of space occupied by a specific number of molecules
3 states of matter 1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
Solid 1. Fixed shape and volume
2. High pressure
3. Low temperature
4. High atomic attraction
Liquid 1. Fixed volume but changing shape (takes shape of container)
2. High pressure
3. Higher temperature
4. Weaker physical bonding
Gas 1. Changing volume and shape
2. Low pressure
3. Higher temperature
4. Weaker atomic attraction
Phase change Change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in
chemical composition.
Involves adding or removing heat.
Exothermic reaction A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
Endothermic reaction A reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat
2 external factors that affect matter state 1. Temperature
2. Pressure
Vaporization Liquid --> Gas
Spontaneous phase change
Adding heat = endothermic reaction
Evaporation Liquid --> Gas
Phase transition
Adding heat
Happens at boiling point and depends on atmospheric pressure