MEDSURG LATEST ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PA
WITH DIABETES MELLITUS LATEST EDITION
-2027 WITH
2026 ALL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RANKED A+
1. A patient with type 1 diabetes has told the nurse that his most recent urine test for ketones
was positive. What is the nurses most plausible conclusion based on this assessment finding?
A) The patient should withhold his next scheduled dose of insulin.
B) The patient should promptly eat some protein and carbohydrates.
C) The patient’s insulin levels are inadequate.
D) The patient would benefit from a dose of metformin (Glucophage). Ans: C
Feedback:
Ketones in the urine signal that there is a deficiency of insulin and that control of type 1
diabetes is
deteriorating. Withholding insulin or eating food would exacerbate the patients ketonuria.
Metformin
will not cause short-term resolution of hyperglycemia.
2. A patient presents to the clinic complaining of symptoms that suggest diabetes. What criteria
would
support checking blood levels for the diagnosis of diabetes?
A) Fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL
B) Random plasma glucose greater than 150 mg/dL
C) Fasting plasma glucose greater than 116 mg/dL on 2 separate occasions
D) Random plasma glucose greater than 126 mg/dL Ans: A
,Feedback:
Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes include symptoms of diabetes plus random plasma glucose
greater
than or equal to 200 mg/dL, or a fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL.
3. A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is attending a nutrition class. What general
guideline
would be important to teach the patients at this class?
A) Low fat generally indicates low sugar.
B) Protein should constitute 30% to 40% of caloric intake.
C) Most calories should be derived from carbohydrates.
D) Animal fats should be eliminated from the diet. Ans: C
Feedback:
Currently, the ADA and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (formerly the American Dietetic
Association) recommend that for all levels of caloric intake, 50% to 60% of calories should be
derived
from carbohydrates, 20% to 30% from fat, and the remaining 10% to 20% from protein.Low fat
does not
automatically mean low sugar. Dietary animal fat does not need to be eliminated from the diet
4. A nurse is providing health education to an adolescent newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
mellitus
and her family. The nurse teaches the patient and family that which of the following
nonpharmacologic
measures will decrease the bodys need for insulin?
A) Adequate sleep
B) Low stimulation
, C) Exercise
D) Low-fat dietAns: C
Feedback:
Exercise lowers blood glucose, increases levels of HDLs, and decreases total cholesterol and
triglyceride
levels. Low fat intake and low levels of stimulation do not reduce a patient’s need for insulin.
Adequate
sleep is beneficial in reducing stress, but does not have an effect that is pronounced as that of
exercise.
5. A medical nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes. The patient’s medication
administration
record includes the administration of regular insulin three times daily. Knowing that the patients
lunch
tray will arrive at 11:45, when should the nurse administer the patient’s insulin?
A) 10:45
B) 11:15
C) 11:45
D) 11:50 Ans: B
Feedback:
Regular insulin is usually administered 2030 min before a meal. Earlier administration creates a
risk for
hypoglycemia; later administration creates a risk for hyperglycemia.
6. A patient has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The physician has prescribed an oral
antidiabetic
WITH DIABETES MELLITUS LATEST EDITION
-2027 WITH
2026 ALL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RANKED A+
1. A patient with type 1 diabetes has told the nurse that his most recent urine test for ketones
was positive. What is the nurses most plausible conclusion based on this assessment finding?
A) The patient should withhold his next scheduled dose of insulin.
B) The patient should promptly eat some protein and carbohydrates.
C) The patient’s insulin levels are inadequate.
D) The patient would benefit from a dose of metformin (Glucophage). Ans: C
Feedback:
Ketones in the urine signal that there is a deficiency of insulin and that control of type 1
diabetes is
deteriorating. Withholding insulin or eating food would exacerbate the patients ketonuria.
Metformin
will not cause short-term resolution of hyperglycemia.
2. A patient presents to the clinic complaining of symptoms that suggest diabetes. What criteria
would
support checking blood levels for the diagnosis of diabetes?
A) Fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL
B) Random plasma glucose greater than 150 mg/dL
C) Fasting plasma glucose greater than 116 mg/dL on 2 separate occasions
D) Random plasma glucose greater than 126 mg/dL Ans: A
,Feedback:
Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes include symptoms of diabetes plus random plasma glucose
greater
than or equal to 200 mg/dL, or a fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL.
3. A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is attending a nutrition class. What general
guideline
would be important to teach the patients at this class?
A) Low fat generally indicates low sugar.
B) Protein should constitute 30% to 40% of caloric intake.
C) Most calories should be derived from carbohydrates.
D) Animal fats should be eliminated from the diet. Ans: C
Feedback:
Currently, the ADA and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (formerly the American Dietetic
Association) recommend that for all levels of caloric intake, 50% to 60% of calories should be
derived
from carbohydrates, 20% to 30% from fat, and the remaining 10% to 20% from protein.Low fat
does not
automatically mean low sugar. Dietary animal fat does not need to be eliminated from the diet
4. A nurse is providing health education to an adolescent newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
mellitus
and her family. The nurse teaches the patient and family that which of the following
nonpharmacologic
measures will decrease the bodys need for insulin?
A) Adequate sleep
B) Low stimulation
, C) Exercise
D) Low-fat dietAns: C
Feedback:
Exercise lowers blood glucose, increases levels of HDLs, and decreases total cholesterol and
triglyceride
levels. Low fat intake and low levels of stimulation do not reduce a patient’s need for insulin.
Adequate
sleep is beneficial in reducing stress, but does not have an effect that is pronounced as that of
exercise.
5. A medical nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes. The patient’s medication
administration
record includes the administration of regular insulin three times daily. Knowing that the patients
lunch
tray will arrive at 11:45, when should the nurse administer the patient’s insulin?
A) 10:45
B) 11:15
C) 11:45
D) 11:50 Ans: B
Feedback:
Regular insulin is usually administered 2030 min before a meal. Earlier administration creates a
risk for
hypoglycemia; later administration creates a risk for hyperglycemia.
6. A patient has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The physician has prescribed an oral
antidiabetic
