BIL 150 GAINES TEST 2 QUESTIONS
ND ANSWERS
Not too long ago, it was believed that a count of the number of protein-coding genes
(the genome) would provide a count of the number of proteins (the proteome) produced
in any given eukaryotic species. This is incorrect, largely due to the discovery of
widespread ________.
A. chromatin remodeling.
B. alternative RNA splicing.
C. transcriptional control.
D. translational control
E. All of the above - Correct Answers -B.
Histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and demethylases are enzymes used by eukaryotes
to _____.
A. increase the rate of transcription
B. cause apoptosis
C. terminate transcription
D. facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments
E. inactivate genes - Correct Answers -A.
Which of the following do proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids have in common?
A. They are made of amino acids.
B. Their structures contain sugars.
C. They are hydrophobic.
D. They are large polymers made up of monomers.
E. They each consist of four basic kinds of subunits. - Correct Answers -D.
Telomere shortening is a problem in which types of cells?
A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. eukaryotes
D. both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
E. methanogens - Correct Answers -C.
, In the mismatch repair process, enzyme complexes replace bases that were incorrectly
inserted into the newly synthesized DNA strand. To function, they must be able to
distinguish between the parent DNA strand and the new strand. How is this
accomplished?
A. The parent strand is methylated.
B. The new strand contains ribose sugars.
C. The parent strand is usually radiolabeled.
D. The new strand contains the diphosphate base
E. The new strand contains telomeres - Correct Answers -A.
While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism.
Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to
Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?
A. It is a single cell (unicellular)
B. Cell walls are made primarily of peptidoglycan.
C. Organism does not have nucleus.
D. It has ribosomes
While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism.
Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to
Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?
A. It is a single cell (unicellular)
B. Cell walls are made primarily of peptidoglycan.
C. Organism does not have nucleus.
D. It has ribosomes - Correct Answers -B.
RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA in the ________ direction,
and adds nucleotides to the ________ end of the growing transcript.
A. 3' → 5'; 5'
B. 3' → 5'; 3'
C. 5' →3'; 5'
D. 5' → 3'; 3'
E. 3' → 3', 5' - Correct Answers -B.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move
DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome. If she leaves the promoter in place but
moves the operator downstream to the far end of the lac operon past the three
structural genes which of the following would likely occur when the cell is exposed to
lactose?
A. The repressor protein will no longer be produced.
B. The inducer will no longer bind to the repressor.
C. The operon will never be transcribed.
D. The structural genes will be transcribed continuously.
ND ANSWERS
Not too long ago, it was believed that a count of the number of protein-coding genes
(the genome) would provide a count of the number of proteins (the proteome) produced
in any given eukaryotic species. This is incorrect, largely due to the discovery of
widespread ________.
A. chromatin remodeling.
B. alternative RNA splicing.
C. transcriptional control.
D. translational control
E. All of the above - Correct Answers -B.
Histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and demethylases are enzymes used by eukaryotes
to _____.
A. increase the rate of transcription
B. cause apoptosis
C. terminate transcription
D. facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments
E. inactivate genes - Correct Answers -A.
Which of the following do proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids have in common?
A. They are made of amino acids.
B. Their structures contain sugars.
C. They are hydrophobic.
D. They are large polymers made up of monomers.
E. They each consist of four basic kinds of subunits. - Correct Answers -D.
Telomere shortening is a problem in which types of cells?
A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. eukaryotes
D. both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
E. methanogens - Correct Answers -C.
, In the mismatch repair process, enzyme complexes replace bases that were incorrectly
inserted into the newly synthesized DNA strand. To function, they must be able to
distinguish between the parent DNA strand and the new strand. How is this
accomplished?
A. The parent strand is methylated.
B. The new strand contains ribose sugars.
C. The parent strand is usually radiolabeled.
D. The new strand contains the diphosphate base
E. The new strand contains telomeres - Correct Answers -A.
While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism.
Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to
Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?
A. It is a single cell (unicellular)
B. Cell walls are made primarily of peptidoglycan.
C. Organism does not have nucleus.
D. It has ribosomes
While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism.
Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to
Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?
A. It is a single cell (unicellular)
B. Cell walls are made primarily of peptidoglycan.
C. Organism does not have nucleus.
D. It has ribosomes - Correct Answers -B.
RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA in the ________ direction,
and adds nucleotides to the ________ end of the growing transcript.
A. 3' → 5'; 5'
B. 3' → 5'; 3'
C. 5' →3'; 5'
D. 5' → 3'; 3'
E. 3' → 3', 5' - Correct Answers -B.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move
DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome. If she leaves the promoter in place but
moves the operator downstream to the far end of the lac operon past the three
structural genes which of the following would likely occur when the cell is exposed to
lactose?
A. The repressor protein will no longer be produced.
B. The inducer will no longer bind to the repressor.
C. The operon will never be transcribed.
D. The structural genes will be transcribed continuously.
