ADULT-GERONTOLOGY ACUTE CARE NURSE PRACTITIONER (AGACNP-BC)
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK: 120 HIGH-YIELD QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES
1. A patient presents with acute shortness of breath and bilateral crackles. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Acute heart failure
D. Pulmonary embolism
Correct Answer: C. Acute heart failure
Rationale: Bilateral crackles and dyspnea suggest pulmonary congestion due to left-sided
heart failure.
2. Which medication is first-line for acute myocardial infarction?
A. Warfarin
B. Aspirin
C. Digoxin
D. Furosemide
Correct Answer: B. Aspirin
Rationale: Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation and mortality in MI.
3. A patient with sepsis has a lactate level of 5 mmol/L. What does this indicate?
A. Normal perfusion
B. Mild dehydration
C. Severe tissue hypoperfusion
D. Renal failure
Correct Answer: C. Severe tissue hypoperfusion
Rationale: Elevated lactate reflects anaerobic metabolism due to poor perfusion.
4. Which condition is associated with hyperkalemia?
,A. Diarrhea
B. Renal failure
C. Vomiting
D. Hyperventilation
Correct Answer: B. Renal failure
Rationale: Impaired potassium excretion leads to hyperkalemia.
5. A patient develops sudden unilateral weakness. What is the priority action?
A. Administer aspirin
B. Check labs
C. Activate stroke protocol
D. Obtain ECG
Correct Answer: C. Activate stroke protocol
Rationale: Stroke is time-sensitive; rapid intervention is critical.
6. Which ECG finding is most indicative of myocardial infarction?
A. U waves
B. ST elevation
C. Peaked T waves
D. Prolonged QT
Correct Answer: B. ST elevation
Rationale: Indicates acute myocardial injury.
7. Which medication is used to treat anaphylaxis?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Steroids
C. Epinephrine IM
D. Albuterol
Correct Answer: C. Epinephrine IM
Rationale: First-line, life-saving treatment.
,8. Which ventilator setting primarily affects oxygenation?
A. Tidal volume
B. Respiratory rate
C. FiO₂
D. Flow rate
Correct Answer: C. FiO₂
Rationale: Determines oxygen delivered to lungs.
9. Which condition presents with Kussmaul respirations?
A. COPD
B. Pneumonia
C. DKA
D. Asthma
Correct Answer: C. DKA
Rationale: Deep, rapid breathing compensates for acidosis.
10. Which medication is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Protamine
Correct Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Opioid antagonist.
11. Which condition is associated with decreased preload?
A. Fluid overload
B. Hypovolemia
C. Hypertension
D. Aortic stenosis
Correct Answer: B. Hypovolemia
Rationale: Less circulating volume reduces preload.
, 12. Which finding suggests pulmonary embolism?
A. Bradycardia
B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
Rationale: Classic presentation of PE.
13. Which medication treats symptomatic bradycardia?
A. Adenosine
B. Atropine
C. Amiodarone
D. Lidocaine
Correct Answer: B. Atropine
Rationale: Increases heart rate.
14. Which lab value indicates renal failure?
A. Low creatinine
B. Elevated BUN and creatinine
C. Low potassium
D. High hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. Elevated BUN and creatinine
Rationale: Indicates impaired kidney function.
15. Which condition causes metabolic alkalosis?
A. Diarrhea
B. Vomiting
C. DKA
D. Renal failure
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK: 120 HIGH-YIELD QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES
1. A patient presents with acute shortness of breath and bilateral crackles. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Acute heart failure
D. Pulmonary embolism
Correct Answer: C. Acute heart failure
Rationale: Bilateral crackles and dyspnea suggest pulmonary congestion due to left-sided
heart failure.
2. Which medication is first-line for acute myocardial infarction?
A. Warfarin
B. Aspirin
C. Digoxin
D. Furosemide
Correct Answer: B. Aspirin
Rationale: Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation and mortality in MI.
3. A patient with sepsis has a lactate level of 5 mmol/L. What does this indicate?
A. Normal perfusion
B. Mild dehydration
C. Severe tissue hypoperfusion
D. Renal failure
Correct Answer: C. Severe tissue hypoperfusion
Rationale: Elevated lactate reflects anaerobic metabolism due to poor perfusion.
4. Which condition is associated with hyperkalemia?
,A. Diarrhea
B. Renal failure
C. Vomiting
D. Hyperventilation
Correct Answer: B. Renal failure
Rationale: Impaired potassium excretion leads to hyperkalemia.
5. A patient develops sudden unilateral weakness. What is the priority action?
A. Administer aspirin
B. Check labs
C. Activate stroke protocol
D. Obtain ECG
Correct Answer: C. Activate stroke protocol
Rationale: Stroke is time-sensitive; rapid intervention is critical.
6. Which ECG finding is most indicative of myocardial infarction?
A. U waves
B. ST elevation
C. Peaked T waves
D. Prolonged QT
Correct Answer: B. ST elevation
Rationale: Indicates acute myocardial injury.
7. Which medication is used to treat anaphylaxis?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Steroids
C. Epinephrine IM
D. Albuterol
Correct Answer: C. Epinephrine IM
Rationale: First-line, life-saving treatment.
,8. Which ventilator setting primarily affects oxygenation?
A. Tidal volume
B. Respiratory rate
C. FiO₂
D. Flow rate
Correct Answer: C. FiO₂
Rationale: Determines oxygen delivered to lungs.
9. Which condition presents with Kussmaul respirations?
A. COPD
B. Pneumonia
C. DKA
D. Asthma
Correct Answer: C. DKA
Rationale: Deep, rapid breathing compensates for acidosis.
10. Which medication is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Protamine
Correct Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Opioid antagonist.
11. Which condition is associated with decreased preload?
A. Fluid overload
B. Hypovolemia
C. Hypertension
D. Aortic stenosis
Correct Answer: B. Hypovolemia
Rationale: Less circulating volume reduces preload.
, 12. Which finding suggests pulmonary embolism?
A. Bradycardia
B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
Rationale: Classic presentation of PE.
13. Which medication treats symptomatic bradycardia?
A. Adenosine
B. Atropine
C. Amiodarone
D. Lidocaine
Correct Answer: B. Atropine
Rationale: Increases heart rate.
14. Which lab value indicates renal failure?
A. Low creatinine
B. Elevated BUN and creatinine
C. Low potassium
D. High hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. Elevated BUN and creatinine
Rationale: Indicates impaired kidney function.
15. Which condition causes metabolic alkalosis?
A. Diarrhea
B. Vomiting
C. DKA
D. Renal failure
