NCC ELECTRONIC FETAL MONITORING UPDATED EXAM
SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Bradycardia in the second stage of labor following a previously normal tracing may
be caused by fetal
A. Hypoxemia
B. Rotation
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔C. Vagal stimulation
✔✔A likely cause of fetal tachycardia with moderate variability is
A. Fetal hypoxemia
B. Maternal fever
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔B. Maternal fever
✔✔Reduction in FHR variability can result from
A. Fetal scalp stimulation
B. Medication administration
C. Vaginal examination - ✔✔B. Medication administration
✔✔The primary goal in treatment for late decelerations is to
A. Correct cord compression
B. Improve maternal oxygenation
C. Maximize uteroplacental blood flow - ✔✔C. Maximize uteroplacental blood flow
✔✔The most frequently observed type of FHR deceleration is
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔Amnioinfusion may be useful in alleviating recurrent decelerations that are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔Findings indicative of progressive fetal hypoxemia are
A. Late decelerations, moderate variability, stable baseline rate
B. Prolonged decelerations recovering to baseline and moderate variability
C. Loss of variability and recurrent late or variable decelerations - ✔✔C. Loss of
variability and recurrent late or variable decelerations
✔✔Clinically significant fetal metabolic academia is indicated by an arterial cord gas pH
of less than or equal to 7.10 and a base deficit of
A. 3
B. 6
,C. 12 - ✔✔C. 12
✔✔Fetal bradycardia can result during
A. The sleep state
B. Umbilical vein compression
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔C. Vagal stimulation
✔✔While caring for a 235-lb laboring woman who is HIV-seropositive, the external FHR
tracing is difficult to obtain. An appropriate nursing action would be to
A. Apply a fetal scalp electrode
B. Auscultate for presence of FHR variability
C. Notify the attending midwife or physician - ✔✔C. Notify the attending midwife or
physician
✔✔FHR decelerations that are benign and do not require intervention are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔A. Early
✔✔FHR decelerations that results from decreased uteroplacental blood flow are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔B. Late
✔✔FHR decelerations that results from umbilical cord compression are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔An FHR pattern associated with severe fetal anemia is
A. Lambda
B. Saltatory
C. Sinusoidal - ✔✔C. Sinusoidal
✔✔A workup for maternal systemic lupus erythematosus would likely be ordered in the
presence of
A. Complete fetal heart block
B. Premature ventricular contractions
C. Fetal supraventricular tachycardia - ✔✔A. Complete fetal heart block
✔✔Which IV fluid is most appropriate for maternal administration for intrauterine
resuscitation?
A. Lactated Ringer's solution
B. D5L/R
,C. Normal saline - ✔✔C. Normal saline
✔✔The position that best promotes maternal-fetal exchange is
A. Left lateral
B. Right lateral
C. Either right or left lateral - ✔✔C. Either right or left lateral
✔✔The most appropriate equipment for administration of maternal oxygen for
intrauterine resuscitation at 10 L/min is a
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Nonrebreather face mask - ✔✔C. Nonrebreather face mask
✔✔Accurate determination of baseline rate requires
A. At least 2 contiguous minutes of FHR in a 10-min window
B. Evaluation of the FHR over at least a 10-min window
C. Averaging the FHR over 30 min - ✔✔B. Evaluation of the FHR over at least a 10-min
window
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and no decelerations would be classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II (indeterminate)
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II (indeterminate)
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and intermittent late decelerations would be
classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II
✔✔Interpretation and classification of FHR patterns are based on predictability of fetal
status
A. At birth
B. At the time the pattern is observed
C. Over the previous hour - ✔✔B. At the time the pattern is observed
✔✔Amnioinfusion is an appropriate measure for
A. Thick, meconium-stained fluid
B. Oligohydramnios
C. Recurrent variable decelerations unresolved by position changes - ✔✔C. Recurrent
variable decelerations unresolved by position changes
✔✔Baroreceptors respond to changes in fetal
A. Blood pressure
, B. Oxygen status
C. Acid-base status - ✔✔A. Blood pressure
✔✔Fetal scalp stimulation is appropriate in the context of
A. Minimal variability
B. Prolonged deceleration
C. Bradycardia - ✔✔A. Minimal variability
✔✔Maternal oxygen administration is appropriate in the context of
A. Recurrent variable decelerations/moderate variability
B. Intermittent late decelerations/minimal variability
C. Prolonged decelerations/moderate variability - ✔✔B. Intermittent late
decelerations/minimal variability
✔✔A preterm fetus
A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
B. Requires internal monitoring if oxytocin is used for labor induction or augmentation
C. Should be born via cesarean section unless there are maternal contraindications -
✔✔A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
✔✔Oxygen is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta through
A. Active transport
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion - ✔✔B. Passive diffusion
✔✔Resting tone and intensity of uterine contractions cannot be assessed by
A. External tocodynamometer
B. Manual palpation
C. Intrauterine pressure catheter - ✔✔A. External tocodynamometer
✔✔The FHR characteristic most predictive of a well-oxygenated baby at the time
observed is
A. Moderate variability
B. Stable baseline rate
C. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔A. Moderate variability
✔✔In the context of hypoxemia, fetal blood flow is shifted to the
A. Brain
B. Liver
C. Lungs - ✔✔A. Brain
✔✔Baroreceptor-mediated decelerations are
A. Early
B. Late
SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Bradycardia in the second stage of labor following a previously normal tracing may
be caused by fetal
A. Hypoxemia
B. Rotation
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔C. Vagal stimulation
✔✔A likely cause of fetal tachycardia with moderate variability is
A. Fetal hypoxemia
B. Maternal fever
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔B. Maternal fever
✔✔Reduction in FHR variability can result from
A. Fetal scalp stimulation
B. Medication administration
C. Vaginal examination - ✔✔B. Medication administration
✔✔The primary goal in treatment for late decelerations is to
A. Correct cord compression
B. Improve maternal oxygenation
C. Maximize uteroplacental blood flow - ✔✔C. Maximize uteroplacental blood flow
✔✔The most frequently observed type of FHR deceleration is
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔Amnioinfusion may be useful in alleviating recurrent decelerations that are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔Findings indicative of progressive fetal hypoxemia are
A. Late decelerations, moderate variability, stable baseline rate
B. Prolonged decelerations recovering to baseline and moderate variability
C. Loss of variability and recurrent late or variable decelerations - ✔✔C. Loss of
variability and recurrent late or variable decelerations
✔✔Clinically significant fetal metabolic academia is indicated by an arterial cord gas pH
of less than or equal to 7.10 and a base deficit of
A. 3
B. 6
,C. 12 - ✔✔C. 12
✔✔Fetal bradycardia can result during
A. The sleep state
B. Umbilical vein compression
C. Vagal stimulation - ✔✔C. Vagal stimulation
✔✔While caring for a 235-lb laboring woman who is HIV-seropositive, the external FHR
tracing is difficult to obtain. An appropriate nursing action would be to
A. Apply a fetal scalp electrode
B. Auscultate for presence of FHR variability
C. Notify the attending midwife or physician - ✔✔C. Notify the attending midwife or
physician
✔✔FHR decelerations that are benign and do not require intervention are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔A. Early
✔✔FHR decelerations that results from decreased uteroplacental blood flow are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔B. Late
✔✔FHR decelerations that results from umbilical cord compression are
A. Early
B. Late
C. Variable - ✔✔C. Variable
✔✔An FHR pattern associated with severe fetal anemia is
A. Lambda
B. Saltatory
C. Sinusoidal - ✔✔C. Sinusoidal
✔✔A workup for maternal systemic lupus erythematosus would likely be ordered in the
presence of
A. Complete fetal heart block
B. Premature ventricular contractions
C. Fetal supraventricular tachycardia - ✔✔A. Complete fetal heart block
✔✔Which IV fluid is most appropriate for maternal administration for intrauterine
resuscitation?
A. Lactated Ringer's solution
B. D5L/R
,C. Normal saline - ✔✔C. Normal saline
✔✔The position that best promotes maternal-fetal exchange is
A. Left lateral
B. Right lateral
C. Either right or left lateral - ✔✔C. Either right or left lateral
✔✔The most appropriate equipment for administration of maternal oxygen for
intrauterine resuscitation at 10 L/min is a
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Nonrebreather face mask - ✔✔C. Nonrebreather face mask
✔✔Accurate determination of baseline rate requires
A. At least 2 contiguous minutes of FHR in a 10-min window
B. Evaluation of the FHR over at least a 10-min window
C. Averaging the FHR over 30 min - ✔✔B. Evaluation of the FHR over at least a 10-min
window
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and no decelerations would be classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II (indeterminate)
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II (indeterminate)
✔✔An EFM tracing with absent variability and intermittent late decelerations would be
classified as
A. Category I
B. Category II
C. Category III - ✔✔B. Category II
✔✔Interpretation and classification of FHR patterns are based on predictability of fetal
status
A. At birth
B. At the time the pattern is observed
C. Over the previous hour - ✔✔B. At the time the pattern is observed
✔✔Amnioinfusion is an appropriate measure for
A. Thick, meconium-stained fluid
B. Oligohydramnios
C. Recurrent variable decelerations unresolved by position changes - ✔✔C. Recurrent
variable decelerations unresolved by position changes
✔✔Baroreceptors respond to changes in fetal
A. Blood pressure
, B. Oxygen status
C. Acid-base status - ✔✔A. Blood pressure
✔✔Fetal scalp stimulation is appropriate in the context of
A. Minimal variability
B. Prolonged deceleration
C. Bradycardia - ✔✔A. Minimal variability
✔✔Maternal oxygen administration is appropriate in the context of
A. Recurrent variable decelerations/moderate variability
B. Intermittent late decelerations/minimal variability
C. Prolonged decelerations/moderate variability - ✔✔B. Intermittent late
decelerations/minimal variability
✔✔A preterm fetus
A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
B. Requires internal monitoring if oxytocin is used for labor induction or augmentation
C. Should be born via cesarean section unless there are maternal contraindications -
✔✔A. Is more susceptible to hypoxic insults during labor than the term fetus
✔✔Oxygen is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta through
A. Active transport
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion - ✔✔B. Passive diffusion
✔✔Resting tone and intensity of uterine contractions cannot be assessed by
A. External tocodynamometer
B. Manual palpation
C. Intrauterine pressure catheter - ✔✔A. External tocodynamometer
✔✔The FHR characteristic most predictive of a well-oxygenated baby at the time
observed is
A. Moderate variability
B. Stable baseline rate
C. Absence of decelerations - ✔✔A. Moderate variability
✔✔In the context of hypoxemia, fetal blood flow is shifted to the
A. Brain
B. Liver
C. Lungs - ✔✔A. Brain
✔✔Baroreceptor-mediated decelerations are
A. Early
B. Late
