COG170 COGITO FUNDAMENTALS LATEST 2026 FINAL
EXAM SHEET QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE
A+
✔✔Define: Chronicles - ✔✔Transactional Database.
Structure of Chronicle is Tree-like with every branch of the tree becoming progressively
more granular.
It is a hierarchical database with real-time information used for daily operations.
No tables in Chronicles, the tree structure is divided into the following groupings
1. Master Files
2. Records
3. Contacts
4. items
5. lines
✔✔Define: Master file - ✔✔Master files contain information about a broad subject
Example 1:
The patient master file contains all patient's medical records in your system
Example 2:
Other examples include master files for medications, procedures, orders, notes and
departments.
Each master file contains records
✔✔Define: Record - ✔✔Recorders contain information about individual entities within a
master file.
Example:
A record in the patient master file contains information about a single patient. For
instances, a record in the orders master file contains information about a single order.
Records contain many contacts
✔✔Define: Contact - ✔✔Contacts are time-based
They contain information about points in time for a record.
Example
The patient master file uses contacts for patient encounters.
,Individual data within a record or contact are stored in items.
✔✔Define: Item - ✔✔Individual data within a record or contact are stored in items.
They are data points (discrete data points)
Examples of items in a patient master file include social security number and admission
date.
✔✔Define: Lines - ✔✔Items that store multiple pieces of information at a time have
multiple lines.
Example
There is an item for diagnoses that has one line for each diagnosis entered.
✔✔Define: Clarity - ✔✔A relational database designed to be efficient and flexible for
reporting on large amounts of data over long periods of time. It is normalized and
compact (small and efficient).
Data is stored in tables with two dimensional grids, rows and columns.
Each column holds a piece of information, similar to an item in Chronicles. Each row
represents an entity that the data in the columns are about.
Example: a table has one row for every patient encounter, and each column has
information about that patient encounter.
Clarity data is accessed using SQL or tools that use SQL.
Data for Clarity is extracted nightly thus, it does not contain today's data.
✔✔Define: Caboodle - ✔✔Similar to Clarity, relational database with tables of rows and
columns accessed via SQL
Designed to make reporting simpler and efficient than Clarity.
As a data warehourse, it contains both Epic and non-Epic data
Clarity holds more data/information than Caboodle.
Similar to Clarity, Caboodle is not real-time information, it does not contain today's data
Not all reports can be written in Caboodle.
✔✔Define: ETL - ✔✔ETL (Extract, Transform and Load)
, Every night the Clairty ETL process transfers data from Chronicles to Clarity
Caboodle ETL Transfers data from Clarity to Caboodle the same night as the Clarity
ETL
✔✔Define: SQL - ✔✔SQL: Structured Query Language.
It is a coding language used to generate sets of data from relational databases such as
Clarity and Caboodle. It is not specific to Epic's software
✔✔Perform Task: Find Chronicles data using the Record Viewer - ✔✔Record viewer:
can be used for the following:
1. Find test data to check which item it's stored in
2. Search for items based on a key work
3. investigate relationships between master files
1. Click on Record viewer
--Ex: open Lana Aquagirl's 5-31-2017 office visit
2. In the INI field , enter EPT
3. In the ID field, enter "Lana Aquagirl"
4. In the contact field, select Lana's 5-31-2017 Office Visit
5. Click View
6. Look for items or information, items are the numbers to the left of each line item.
--Names and numbers are listed in blue
--Values stored in items are yellow
✔✔Perform Task: Find Clarity tables and columns that extract a Chronicles item -
✔✔The Clarity Dictionary lists all tables that extract an item. Click on a table to further
investigate, report writers can use these tables to find the information they need to build
reports in Clarity.
1. Open an internet browser
2. Log in to the UserWeb (userweb.epic.com)
3. On the right side of the screen, under documentation click on Data Handbook
4. Click on Clarity Dictionary on the top right
5. Select the appropriate Epic version
6. Search Clarity columns, enter INI and item number of the item you want to find
7. Search
✔✔Perform Task: Find Caboodle tables and columns that extract a Chronicles item -
✔✔Use Caboodle Dictionary to find tables and columns in Caboodle. Search INI and
item number or by Clarity table and column
1. Open the Caboodle Dictionary
EXAM SHEET QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE
A+
✔✔Define: Chronicles - ✔✔Transactional Database.
Structure of Chronicle is Tree-like with every branch of the tree becoming progressively
more granular.
It is a hierarchical database with real-time information used for daily operations.
No tables in Chronicles, the tree structure is divided into the following groupings
1. Master Files
2. Records
3. Contacts
4. items
5. lines
✔✔Define: Master file - ✔✔Master files contain information about a broad subject
Example 1:
The patient master file contains all patient's medical records in your system
Example 2:
Other examples include master files for medications, procedures, orders, notes and
departments.
Each master file contains records
✔✔Define: Record - ✔✔Recorders contain information about individual entities within a
master file.
Example:
A record in the patient master file contains information about a single patient. For
instances, a record in the orders master file contains information about a single order.
Records contain many contacts
✔✔Define: Contact - ✔✔Contacts are time-based
They contain information about points in time for a record.
Example
The patient master file uses contacts for patient encounters.
,Individual data within a record or contact are stored in items.
✔✔Define: Item - ✔✔Individual data within a record or contact are stored in items.
They are data points (discrete data points)
Examples of items in a patient master file include social security number and admission
date.
✔✔Define: Lines - ✔✔Items that store multiple pieces of information at a time have
multiple lines.
Example
There is an item for diagnoses that has one line for each diagnosis entered.
✔✔Define: Clarity - ✔✔A relational database designed to be efficient and flexible for
reporting on large amounts of data over long periods of time. It is normalized and
compact (small and efficient).
Data is stored in tables with two dimensional grids, rows and columns.
Each column holds a piece of information, similar to an item in Chronicles. Each row
represents an entity that the data in the columns are about.
Example: a table has one row for every patient encounter, and each column has
information about that patient encounter.
Clarity data is accessed using SQL or tools that use SQL.
Data for Clarity is extracted nightly thus, it does not contain today's data.
✔✔Define: Caboodle - ✔✔Similar to Clarity, relational database with tables of rows and
columns accessed via SQL
Designed to make reporting simpler and efficient than Clarity.
As a data warehourse, it contains both Epic and non-Epic data
Clarity holds more data/information than Caboodle.
Similar to Clarity, Caboodle is not real-time information, it does not contain today's data
Not all reports can be written in Caboodle.
✔✔Define: ETL - ✔✔ETL (Extract, Transform and Load)
, Every night the Clairty ETL process transfers data from Chronicles to Clarity
Caboodle ETL Transfers data from Clarity to Caboodle the same night as the Clarity
ETL
✔✔Define: SQL - ✔✔SQL: Structured Query Language.
It is a coding language used to generate sets of data from relational databases such as
Clarity and Caboodle. It is not specific to Epic's software
✔✔Perform Task: Find Chronicles data using the Record Viewer - ✔✔Record viewer:
can be used for the following:
1. Find test data to check which item it's stored in
2. Search for items based on a key work
3. investigate relationships between master files
1. Click on Record viewer
--Ex: open Lana Aquagirl's 5-31-2017 office visit
2. In the INI field , enter EPT
3. In the ID field, enter "Lana Aquagirl"
4. In the contact field, select Lana's 5-31-2017 Office Visit
5. Click View
6. Look for items or information, items are the numbers to the left of each line item.
--Names and numbers are listed in blue
--Values stored in items are yellow
✔✔Perform Task: Find Clarity tables and columns that extract a Chronicles item -
✔✔The Clarity Dictionary lists all tables that extract an item. Click on a table to further
investigate, report writers can use these tables to find the information they need to build
reports in Clarity.
1. Open an internet browser
2. Log in to the UserWeb (userweb.epic.com)
3. On the right side of the screen, under documentation click on Data Handbook
4. Click on Clarity Dictionary on the top right
5. Select the appropriate Epic version
6. Search Clarity columns, enter INI and item number of the item you want to find
7. Search
✔✔Perform Task: Find Caboodle tables and columns that extract a Chronicles item -
✔✔Use Caboodle Dictionary to find tables and columns in Caboodle. Search INI and
item number or by Clarity table and column
1. Open the Caboodle Dictionary
