Exam Questions and Verified Answers
2026
Describe how your body responds to an infec琀椀on. - ANSWER-T
cells produce cytokines, which s琀椀mulate B cells. B cells produce
an琀椀bodies.
Iden fy role of DNA changes in congenital abnormali琀椀es. -
ANSWER-Muta琀椀ons in genes or chromosomal abnormali琀椀es
How does development disrupts congenital abnormali琀椀es? -
ANSWER-Altera琀椀ons of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disrup琀椀ons
a昀昀ect wellbeing. - ANSWER-(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shi昀琀s can
cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
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,1. Reduce blood 昀氀ow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin
II > vasoconstric琀椀on > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve
sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
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,DKA - ANSWER-increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
a a a a a a
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER-
a a a a a a a
retain H and excrete HCO3 a a a a
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -
a a a a a a a a a
ANSWER-Potassium
a
West Nile Virus - ANSWER-Transmi琀琀
a a a a
ed through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and sym
a a a a a a a a a a a
ptoms; high fever, headache and s琀椀昀昀 neck
a a a a a a
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick- a a a
borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
a a a a a a a
Erythema infec 琀 椀 a osum - ANSWER- a a
a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sud
a a a a a a a a a a a
den appearance of red,昀氀ushed cheeks, "昀椀昀琀h disease"
a a a a a a
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, Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with
a a a a a a a a a a
. - ANSWER-Spina bi昀椀da
a a a
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER- a a a
arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia a a a a
Cause and sign of spina bi昀椀da - ANSWER-
a a a a a a a
results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - 昀氀uid 昀椀
a a a a a a a a a a a
lled sac on lower back.
a a a a
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER-males a a a a a a
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER-ND-
a a a a a a
PAE, decreased brain func琀椀on, FAS
a a a a
Connec琀椀ve vs muscle 琀椀ssue disorders - ANSWER-Connec琀椀ve-
a a a a a a
aRA, Scleroderma, Lupus
a a
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
a a a a a a
Describe Lupus - ANSWER-In昀氀 a a a
ammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and bu琀琀er昀氀y rash
a a a a a a a a
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