Test Bank For Textbook Of Diagnostic Microbiology 7th Edi
b b b b b b b b
tion By Connie R. Mahon
b b b b b
Chapters 1 - 41
b b b
, Mahon:bTextbookbofbDiagnosticbMicrobiology,b7thbEditionbTestbBank
Tablebofbcontents
Partb1:bIntroductionbtobClinicalbMicrobiology
Chapterb1.bBacterialbCellbStructure,bPhysiology,bMetabolism,bandbGenetics
Chapterb2.bHost-ParasitebInteraction
Chapterb3.bThebLaboratorybRolebinbInfectionbControl
Chapterb4.bControlbofbMicroorganisms:bDisinfection,bSterilization,bandbMicrobiologybSafety
Chapterb5.bPerformancebImprovementbinbthebMicrobiologybLaboratory
Chapterb6.bSpecimenbCollectionbandbProcessing
Chapterb7.bMicroscopicbExaminationbofbMaterialsbfrombInfectedbSites
Chapterb8.b UsebofbColonybMorphologybforbthebPresumptivebIdentificationbofbMicroorganisms
Chapterb9.b BiochemicalbIdentificationbofbGram-NegativebBacteria
Chapterb10.bImmunodiagnosisbofbInfectiousbDiseases
Chapterb11.bApplicationsbofbMolecularbDiagnostics
Chapterb12.bAntibacterialbMechanismsbofbActionbandbBacterialbResistancebMechanisms
Chapterb13.bAntimicrobialbSusceptibilitybTesting
Partb2:bLaboratorybIdentificationbofbSignificantbIsolates
Chapterb14.bStaphylococci
Chapterb15.bStreptococcus,bEnterococcus,bandbOtherbCatalase-Negative,bGram-PositivebCocci
Chapterb16.bAerobicbGram-PositivebBacilli
Chapterb17.bNeisseriabSpeciesbandbMoraxellabcatarrhalis
Chapterb18.bHaemophilus,bHACEK,bLegionellabandbOtherbFastidiousbGram-NegativebBacilli
Chapterb19.bEnterobacteriaceae
Chapterb20.bVibrio,bAeromonas,bandbCampylobacterbSpecies
Chapterb21.bNonfermentingbandbMiscellaneousbGram-NegativebBacilli
Chapterb22.bAnaerobesbofbClinicalbImportance
Chapterb23.bThebSpirochetes
Chapterb24.bChlamydia,bRickettsia,bandbSimilarbOrganisms
Chapterb25.bMycoplasmabandbUreaplasma
Chapterb26.bMycobacteriumbtuberculosisbandbNontuberculousbMycobacteria
Chapterb27.bMedicallybSignificantbFungi
Chapterb28.bDiagnosticbParasitology
Chapterb29.bClinicalbVirology
Chapterb30.bAgentsbofbBioterrorbandbForensicbMicrobiology
Chapterb31.bBiofilms:bArchitectsbofbDisease
Partb3:bLaboratorybDiagnosisbofbInfectiousbDiseases:bandbOrganbSystembApproachbtobDiagnosticbMicrobiology
Chapterb32.bUpperbandbLowerbRespiratorybTractbInfections
Chapterb33.bSkinbandbSoftbTissuebInfections
Chapterb34.bGastrointestinalbInfectionsbandbFoodbPoisoning
Chapterb35.bInfectionsbofbthebCentralbNervousbSystem
Chapterb36.bBacteremiabandbSepsis
Chapterb37.bUrinarybTractbInfections
Chapterb38.bGenitalbInfectionsbandbSexuallybTransmittedbInfections
Chapterb39.bInfectionsbinbSpecialbPopulations
Chapterb40.bZoonoticbDiseases
Chapterb41.bOcularbInfections
-
,Chapterb01:bBacterialbCellbStructure,bPhysiology,bMetabolism,bandbGeneticsbMah
on:bTextbookbofbDiagnosticbMicrobiology,b7thbEditionbTestbBank
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
1. Tobsurvive,bmicrobialbinhabitantsbhaveblearnedbtobadaptbbybvaryingballbofbthebfollowing,bexcept
b
a. growthbrate.
b. growthbinballbatmosphericbconditions.
c. growthbatbparticularbtemperatures.
d. bacterialbshape.
ANSWER:b D
Thebchapterbbeginsbbybdiscussingbthebwaybmicrobialbinhabitantsbhavebhadbtobevolvebtobsurvivebinb
manybdifferentbnichesbandbhabitats.bItbdiscussesbslowbgrowers,brapidbgrowers,bandbreplicationbwi
thbscarceborbabundantbnutrients,bunderbdifferentbatmosphericbconditions,btemperaturebrequireme
nts,bandbcellbstructure.bBacterialbshapebasbabformbofbevolutionbisbnotbdiscussed.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
2. Whobwasbconsideredbthebfatherbofbprotozoologybandbbacteriology?
a. AntonbvanbLeeuwenhoek
b. LouisbPasteur
c. CarlbLandsteiner
d. MichaelbDouglas
ANSWER:b A
ThebbookbdiscussesbAntonbvanbLeeuwenhoekbasbthebinventorbofbthebmicroscopebandbthebfirstbperso
nbtobseebtheb“beasties.”bSobtheybdubbedbhimbthebfatherbofbprotozoologybandbbacteriology.bThebot
herbthreebindividualsbwerebnotbdiscussed.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
3. Prokaryoticbcellsbhavebwhichbofbthebfollowingbstructuresbinbtheirbcytoplasm?
a. Golgibapparatus
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmicbreticulum
ANSWER:b B
Allbthebstructuresblistedbarebfoundbinbeukaryoticbcells,bbutbribosomesbarebthebonlybonesbthatbap
plybtobprokaryoticbcells.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
4. ThisbformbofbDNAbisbcommonlybfoundbinbeukaryoticbcells.
a. Linear
b. Circular
c. Plasmid
d. Colloid
.
.
, ANSWER:b A
CircularbandbplasmidbDNAbarebusuallybfoundbonlybinbbacteria,bnotbeukaryoticbcells.bColloidbisbabpr
opertybofbproteinbmoleculesbandbisbnotbassociatedbwithbnucleotides.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
5. Thebnuclearbmembranebinbprokaryotesbis
a. missing.
b. impenetrable.
c. abclassicbmembrane.
d. ablipidbbilayerbmembrane.
ANSWER:b A
Prokaryoticbcellsbdobnotbhavebanybmembrane-
boundbstructuresbinbthebcytoplasmbincludingbabstructuredbnucleus.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
6. Abmicroorganismbthatbisbabunicellularborganismbandblacksbabnuclearbmembranebandbtruebnu
cleusbbelongsbtobwhichbclassification?
a. Fungi
b. Bacteria
c. Algae
d. Parasite
ANSWER:b B
Fungi,balgae,bandbparasitesbarebunicellularbeukaryoticborganismsbthatbcontainbabtruebnucleus.bB
acteriabarebprokaryoticbandbdobnotbcontainbabtruebnucleusborbnuclearbmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
7. Inbtheblaboratory,bthebclinicalbmicrobiologistbisbresponsiblebforballbthebfollowing,bexcept
a. isolatingbmicroorganisms.
b. selectingbtreatmentbforbpatients.
c. identifyingbmicroorganisms.
d. analyzingbbacteriabthatbcausebdisease.
ANSWER:b B
Clinicalbmicrobiologistsbdobnotbselectbthebtreatmentbforbpatients.bTheybprovidebthebdoctorbwithbtheb
namebofbtheborganismbandbthebantibioticsbthatbcanbkillbthebbacteria,bbutbnotbinbthebfinalbselectionb
ofbtreatmentbprotocols.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bRecall
8. Whatbenablesbthebmicrobiologistbtobselectbthebcorrectbmediabforbprimarybculturebandboptimizebth
ebchancebofbisolatingbabpathogenicborganism?
a. Determiningbstainingbcharacteristics
b. Understandingbthebcellbstructurebandbbiochemicalbpathwaysbofbanborganism
c. Understandingbthebgrowthbrequirementsbofbpotentialbpathogensbatbspecificbbodybsite
d. Knowingbthebdifferencesbinbcellbwallsbofbparticularbbacteria
ANSWER:b C
, Bybunderstandingbgrowthbrequirements,babmicrobiologistbcanbmaximizebthebchancebofbthebor
ganismbbeingbisolatedbfrombabculture.bThebotherbthreebchoicesbarebusedbtobidentifybabbacteri
umboncebitbhasbgrownbonbmedia.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
9. Abclinicalblaboratorybscientistbisbworkingbonbthebbench,breadingbplates,bandbnoticesbthatbabcultu
rebhasbbothbabunicellularbformbandbabfilamentousbform.bWhatbtypebofborganismbexhibitsbthesebf
orms?
a. Virus
b. Fungi
c. Bacteria
d. Parasite
ANSWER:b B
Virusesbtypicallybonlybhavebonebformbandbwouldbnotbgrowbonbplatebmedia.bBacteriabhavebtwobfo
rms:babvegetativebcellbandbsporebform.bParasitesbmaybhavebtrophozoite,bcysts,begg,betc.bFungibareb
theborganismbclassificationbthatbmaybhavebbothbunicellularbyeastbformsbandbfilamentousbhyphalbf
ormsbinbthebsamebculturebplate.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
10. Allbofbthebfollowingbstatementsbarebtruebaboutbviruses,bexcept:
a. VirusesbconsistbofbDNAborbRNAbbutbnotbboth.
b. Virusesbarebacellularbbutbarebsurroundedbbybabproteinbcoat.
c. Virusesbcanbinfectbbacteria,bplants,bandbanimals.
d. Virusesbdobnotbneedbhostbcellsbtobsurvivebandbgrow.
ANSWER:b D
Virusesbneedbtobhavebabhostbcellbbecausebtheybdobnotbhavebthebabilitybtobreproduceborbnourishbth
emselvesbwithoutbthebhost’sbcellularbmechanisms.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
11. Diagnosticbmicrobiologistsbapplybplacementbandbnamingbofbbacterialborganismsbintoballbthebfol
lowingbcategories,bexcept
a. order.
b. family.
c. genus.
d. species.
ANSWER:b A
Clinicalbmicrobiologistsbusebthebfamily,bgenus,bandbspeciesbtaxonomicbcategoriesbtobidentifybspe
ciesbthatbarebimportantbforbdiagnosticbdiseases.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
12. Bacterialbspeciesbthatbexhibitbphenotypicbdifferencesbarebconsidered
a. biovarieties.
b. serovarieties.
c. phagevarieties.
d. subspecies.
.
.
, ANSWER:b D
Biovarietiesbvarybbasedbonbbiochemicalbtestbresults,bserovarietiesbvarybbasedbonbserologicbtestbre
sults,bandbphagevarietiesbisbabfictitiousbword.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
13. Whatbstructurebisbdescribedbasbabphospholipidbbilayerbembeddedbwithbproteinsbandbsterolsbthatb
regulatesbthebtypebandbamountbofbchemicalsbthatbpassbinbandboutbofbabcell?
a. Cellbwall
b. Mitochondria
c. Endoplasmicbreticulum
d. Plasmabmembrane
ANSWER:b D
Thebcellbwallbisbthebouterbcoveringbmadebupbofblipids.bThebmitochondriabisbabcellularborganellebthat
bisbconsideredbthebpowerhousebofbthebcellb(electronbtransportbandboxidativebphosphorylationb occurb
here).bThebendoplasmicbreticulumbisbabcellularborganellebwherebproteinbsynthesisboccurs.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
14. Whatbmakesbthebinteriorbofbthebplasmabmembranebpotentiallybimpermeablebtobwater-
solublebmolecules?
a. Thebhydrophobicbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebfoundbthere.
b. Thebhydrophilicbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebfoundbthere.
c. Thebionbchannelsbarebfoundbthere.
d. Thebcholesterolbmoleculesbinbthebplasmabmembranebarebfoundbsolelybinbthebinteriorbofbt
hebmembrane.
ANSWER:b A
Thebplasmabmembranebisbdesignedbsobthatbthebhydrophilicbheadsbofbthebphospholipidbmolecule
sbarebpositionedbtobmakebcontactbwithbthebintracellularbandbextracellularbfluids.bThebhydrophobi
cbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbfacebawaybfrombthebfluidsbandbformbthebinteriorbofbthebpl
asmabmembrane.bThebtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebhydrophobic,bnotbhydrophilic.bTh
ebionbchannelsbextendbthroughbthebcellularbmembrane.bThebcholesterolbmoleculesbalsobextendbt
hroughbthebplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
15. Thebfunctionbofbabcellbwallbisbto
a. regulatebthebtransportbofbmacromoleculesbinbandboutbofbthebcell.
b. providebrigiditybandbstrengthbtobthebexteriorbofbthebcell.
c. providebreservebenergybtobthebeukaryoticbcell.
d. protectbthebeukaryotebfrombpredators.
ANSWER:b B
Thebplasmabmembranebregulatesbthebtransportbofbmacromoleculesbinbandboutbofbthebcell,bnotbth
ebcellbwall.bThebmitochondriabprovidebenergybtobthebeukaryoticbcell.bCellbwallsbarebnotbablebtobp
rotectbabeukaryoticbcellbfrombpredators.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
.
.
,16. Namebthebnumerousbshortb(3btob10bμm)bprojectionsbthatbextendbfrombthebcellbsurfacebandbarebus
edbforbcellularblocomotion.
a. Flagella
b. Mitochondria
c. Cilia
d. Phospholipid
ANSWER:b C
Bybdefinition,bciliabarebshortbprojectionsbextendingbfrombthebcellbsurfacebandbarebusedbforbloc
omotion,bwhereasbflagellabareblongerbprojectionsbusedbforblocomotion.bMitochondriabarebcellul
arborganellesbresponsiblebforbelectronbtransportbandboxidativebphosphorylation.
Phospholipidsbarebpolarbmoleculesbthatbformbthebplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
17. Abmicrobiologybtechnologistbperformsbabtraditionalbbacterialbstainbonbabcolonybfrombabwoundbcu
lturebthatbisbsuspectedbtobcontainbbacteriabfrombthebgenusbClostridium.bThebunstainedbareasbinbthe
bbacterialbcellbobservedbbybthebtechnologistbarebcalled
a. cilia.
b. ribosomes.
c. endospores.
d. mitochondria.
ANSWER:b C
Ribosomesbarebsmallbcircularbareasbusedbforbproteinbsynthesisbthatbarebnotbvisiblebonbabtraditio
nalbstain.bCiliabarebshortbprojectionsbonbtheboutsidebofbthebplasmabmembranebusedbforblocomotio
n.bMitochondriabarebcellularborganellesbusedbforbenergybproduction.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
18. Thisbconstituentbofbabgram-
positivebcellbwallbabsorbsbcrystalbvioletbbutbisbnotbdissolvedbbybalcohol,bthusbgivingbthebgram-
positivebcellbitsbcharacteristicbpurplebcolor.
a. Mycolicbacid
b. Cholesterol
c. Carbolfuchsin
d. Peptidoglycan
ANSWER:b D
MycolicbacidbisbpartbofbthebcellbwallbofbthebMycobacteriumbandbNocardiabspp.,bbutbdoesbnotbpla
ybabpartbinbthebGrambstain.bCholesterolbisbalsobpartbofbthebcellbmembrane,bnotbthebcellbwall,bsobitb
doesbnotbplaybabpartbinbthebGrambstain.bCarbolfuchsinbisbabstainbusedbinbbacteriology.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
19. Mycobacteriabhavebabgram-
positivebcellbwallbstructurebwithbabwaxyblayerbcontainingbthesebtwobcompounds.
a. Glycolipidsbandbmycolicbacid
b. Glycolipidsbandbphospholipids
c. Mycolicbacidbandblipopolysaccharides
d. Lipopolysaccharidesbandbphospholipids
ANSWER:b A
, Glycolipidsbarebabpartbofbthebwaxyblayer,bbutbphospholipidsbarebpartbofbthebplasmabmembrane.b
Mycolicbacidbisbabpartbofbthebwaxyblayer,bbutblipopolysaccharidesbarebpartbofbabgram-
negativebcellbwall.bLipopolysaccharidesbarebpartbofbabgram-
negativebwall,bandbphospholipidsbarebpartbofbabplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:bbb Levelb1:bRecall
20. WhenbperformingbabGrambstainbonbabgram-
negativeborganism,bthebcrystalbvioletbisbabsorbedbintobthisbouterbcellbwallblayer,bandbthenbwash
edbawaybwithbthebacetonebalcohol.bWhatbisbthebmainbcomponentbofbthebouterblayerbofbthebcellb
wall?
a. Peptidoglycan
b. Mycolicbacid
c. N-acetyl-D-muramicbacid
d. Lipopolysaccharide
ANSWER:b D
Peptidoglycanbisbabthinnerblayerbunderbtheblipopolysaccharidebinbabgram-
negativeborganism,bwhereasbmycolicbacidbisbthebwaxyblayerbpresentbinbabmycobacterium’sbout
erbcellbwall,bandbN-acetyl-D-muramicbacidbisbpartbofbthebpeptidoglycan.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
21. Thebthreebregionsbofbtheblipopolysaccharidebincludeballbthebfollowing,bexcept
a. antigenicbO-specificbpolysaccharide.
b. mycolicbacid.
c. corebpolysaccharide.
d. endotoxinb(innerblipidbA).
ANSWER:b B
AntigenicbO-
specificbpolysaccharide,bcorebpolysaccharide,bandbendotoxinbareballbpartbofbtheblipopolysacch
arideblayer.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
22. Thebouterbcellbwallbofbthebgram-
negativebbacteriabservesbthreebimportantbfunctions,bwhichbincludesballbthebfollowing,bexcept:
a. Itbprovidesbanbattachmentbsitebforbthebflagella,bwhichbwillbactbinblocomotion.
b. Itbactsbasbabbarrierbtobhydrophobicbcompoundsbandbharmfulbsubstances.
c. Itbactsbasbabsieve.
d. Itbprovidesbattachmentbsitesbthatbenhancebadhesionbtobhostbcells.
ANSWER:b A
Thebouterbcellbwallbofbgram-
negativebbacteriabactsbasbabbarrierbtobhydrophobicbcompoundsbandbharmfulbsubstances,bactsbasb
absieve,bandbprovidesbattachmentbsitesbthatbenhancebadhesionbtobhostbcells.bFlagellabattachbtobth
ebcellbmembrane,bnotbtobthebcellbwall.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
23. MycoplasmabandbUreaplasmabspp.bmustbhavebmediabsupplementedbwithbserumborbsugarbasbnut
rientsbandbbecause
a. theirbcellbwallsbcontainbonlybpeptidoglycan.
b. theyblackbcellbwalls.
.
, .
b b b b b b b b
tion By Connie R. Mahon
b b b b b
Chapters 1 - 41
b b b
, Mahon:bTextbookbofbDiagnosticbMicrobiology,b7thbEditionbTestbBank
Tablebofbcontents
Partb1:bIntroductionbtobClinicalbMicrobiology
Chapterb1.bBacterialbCellbStructure,bPhysiology,bMetabolism,bandbGenetics
Chapterb2.bHost-ParasitebInteraction
Chapterb3.bThebLaboratorybRolebinbInfectionbControl
Chapterb4.bControlbofbMicroorganisms:bDisinfection,bSterilization,bandbMicrobiologybSafety
Chapterb5.bPerformancebImprovementbinbthebMicrobiologybLaboratory
Chapterb6.bSpecimenbCollectionbandbProcessing
Chapterb7.bMicroscopicbExaminationbofbMaterialsbfrombInfectedbSites
Chapterb8.b UsebofbColonybMorphologybforbthebPresumptivebIdentificationbofbMicroorganisms
Chapterb9.b BiochemicalbIdentificationbofbGram-NegativebBacteria
Chapterb10.bImmunodiagnosisbofbInfectiousbDiseases
Chapterb11.bApplicationsbofbMolecularbDiagnostics
Chapterb12.bAntibacterialbMechanismsbofbActionbandbBacterialbResistancebMechanisms
Chapterb13.bAntimicrobialbSusceptibilitybTesting
Partb2:bLaboratorybIdentificationbofbSignificantbIsolates
Chapterb14.bStaphylococci
Chapterb15.bStreptococcus,bEnterococcus,bandbOtherbCatalase-Negative,bGram-PositivebCocci
Chapterb16.bAerobicbGram-PositivebBacilli
Chapterb17.bNeisseriabSpeciesbandbMoraxellabcatarrhalis
Chapterb18.bHaemophilus,bHACEK,bLegionellabandbOtherbFastidiousbGram-NegativebBacilli
Chapterb19.bEnterobacteriaceae
Chapterb20.bVibrio,bAeromonas,bandbCampylobacterbSpecies
Chapterb21.bNonfermentingbandbMiscellaneousbGram-NegativebBacilli
Chapterb22.bAnaerobesbofbClinicalbImportance
Chapterb23.bThebSpirochetes
Chapterb24.bChlamydia,bRickettsia,bandbSimilarbOrganisms
Chapterb25.bMycoplasmabandbUreaplasma
Chapterb26.bMycobacteriumbtuberculosisbandbNontuberculousbMycobacteria
Chapterb27.bMedicallybSignificantbFungi
Chapterb28.bDiagnosticbParasitology
Chapterb29.bClinicalbVirology
Chapterb30.bAgentsbofbBioterrorbandbForensicbMicrobiology
Chapterb31.bBiofilms:bArchitectsbofbDisease
Partb3:bLaboratorybDiagnosisbofbInfectiousbDiseases:bandbOrganbSystembApproachbtobDiagnosticbMicrobiology
Chapterb32.bUpperbandbLowerbRespiratorybTractbInfections
Chapterb33.bSkinbandbSoftbTissuebInfections
Chapterb34.bGastrointestinalbInfectionsbandbFoodbPoisoning
Chapterb35.bInfectionsbofbthebCentralbNervousbSystem
Chapterb36.bBacteremiabandbSepsis
Chapterb37.bUrinarybTractbInfections
Chapterb38.bGenitalbInfectionsbandbSexuallybTransmittedbInfections
Chapterb39.bInfectionsbinbSpecialbPopulations
Chapterb40.bZoonoticbDiseases
Chapterb41.bOcularbInfections
-
,Chapterb01:bBacterialbCellbStructure,bPhysiology,bMetabolism,bandbGeneticsbMah
on:bTextbookbofbDiagnosticbMicrobiology,b7thbEditionbTestbBank
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
1. Tobsurvive,bmicrobialbinhabitantsbhaveblearnedbtobadaptbbybvaryingballbofbthebfollowing,bexcept
b
a. growthbrate.
b. growthbinballbatmosphericbconditions.
c. growthbatbparticularbtemperatures.
d. bacterialbshape.
ANSWER:b D
Thebchapterbbeginsbbybdiscussingbthebwaybmicrobialbinhabitantsbhavebhadbtobevolvebtobsurvivebinb
manybdifferentbnichesbandbhabitats.bItbdiscussesbslowbgrowers,brapidbgrowers,bandbreplicationbwi
thbscarceborbabundantbnutrients,bunderbdifferentbatmosphericbconditions,btemperaturebrequireme
nts,bandbcellbstructure.bBacterialbshapebasbabformbofbevolutionbisbnotbdiscussed.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
2. Whobwasbconsideredbthebfatherbofbprotozoologybandbbacteriology?
a. AntonbvanbLeeuwenhoek
b. LouisbPasteur
c. CarlbLandsteiner
d. MichaelbDouglas
ANSWER:b A
ThebbookbdiscussesbAntonbvanbLeeuwenhoekbasbthebinventorbofbthebmicroscopebandbthebfirstbperso
nbtobseebtheb“beasties.”bSobtheybdubbedbhimbthebfatherbofbprotozoologybandbbacteriology.bThebot
herbthreebindividualsbwerebnotbdiscussed.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
3. Prokaryoticbcellsbhavebwhichbofbthebfollowingbstructuresbinbtheirbcytoplasm?
a. Golgibapparatus
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmicbreticulum
ANSWER:b B
Allbthebstructuresblistedbarebfoundbinbeukaryoticbcells,bbutbribosomesbarebthebonlybonesbthatbap
plybtobprokaryoticbcells.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
4. ThisbformbofbDNAbisbcommonlybfoundbinbeukaryoticbcells.
a. Linear
b. Circular
c. Plasmid
d. Colloid
.
.
, ANSWER:b A
CircularbandbplasmidbDNAbarebusuallybfoundbonlybinbbacteria,bnotbeukaryoticbcells.bColloidbisbabpr
opertybofbproteinbmoleculesbandbisbnotbassociatedbwithbnucleotides.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
5. Thebnuclearbmembranebinbprokaryotesbis
a. missing.
b. impenetrable.
c. abclassicbmembrane.
d. ablipidbbilayerbmembrane.
ANSWER:b A
Prokaryoticbcellsbdobnotbhavebanybmembrane-
boundbstructuresbinbthebcytoplasmbincludingbabstructuredbnucleus.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
6. Abmicroorganismbthatbisbabunicellularborganismbandblacksbabnuclearbmembranebandbtruebnu
cleusbbelongsbtobwhichbclassification?
a. Fungi
b. Bacteria
c. Algae
d. Parasite
ANSWER:b B
Fungi,balgae,bandbparasitesbarebunicellularbeukaryoticborganismsbthatbcontainbabtruebnucleus.bB
acteriabarebprokaryoticbandbdobnotbcontainbabtruebnucleusborbnuclearbmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
7. Inbtheblaboratory,bthebclinicalbmicrobiologistbisbresponsiblebforballbthebfollowing,bexcept
a. isolatingbmicroorganisms.
b. selectingbtreatmentbforbpatients.
c. identifyingbmicroorganisms.
d. analyzingbbacteriabthatbcausebdisease.
ANSWER:b B
Clinicalbmicrobiologistsbdobnotbselectbthebtreatmentbforbpatients.bTheybprovidebthebdoctorbwithbtheb
namebofbtheborganismbandbthebantibioticsbthatbcanbkillbthebbacteria,bbutbnotbinbthebfinalbselectionb
ofbtreatmentbprotocols.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bRecall
8. Whatbenablesbthebmicrobiologistbtobselectbthebcorrectbmediabforbprimarybculturebandboptimizebth
ebchancebofbisolatingbabpathogenicborganism?
a. Determiningbstainingbcharacteristics
b. Understandingbthebcellbstructurebandbbiochemicalbpathwaysbofbanborganism
c. Understandingbthebgrowthbrequirementsbofbpotentialbpathogensbatbspecificbbodybsite
d. Knowingbthebdifferencesbinbcellbwallsbofbparticularbbacteria
ANSWER:b C
, Bybunderstandingbgrowthbrequirements,babmicrobiologistbcanbmaximizebthebchancebofbthebor
ganismbbeingbisolatedbfrombabculture.bThebotherbthreebchoicesbarebusedbtobidentifybabbacteri
umboncebitbhasbgrownbonbmedia.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
9. Abclinicalblaboratorybscientistbisbworkingbonbthebbench,breadingbplates,bandbnoticesbthatbabcultu
rebhasbbothbabunicellularbformbandbabfilamentousbform.bWhatbtypebofborganismbexhibitsbthesebf
orms?
a. Virus
b. Fungi
c. Bacteria
d. Parasite
ANSWER:b B
Virusesbtypicallybonlybhavebonebformbandbwouldbnotbgrowbonbplatebmedia.bBacteriabhavebtwobfo
rms:babvegetativebcellbandbsporebform.bParasitesbmaybhavebtrophozoite,bcysts,begg,betc.bFungibareb
theborganismbclassificationbthatbmaybhavebbothbunicellularbyeastbformsbandbfilamentousbhyphalbf
ormsbinbthebsamebculturebplate.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
10. Allbofbthebfollowingbstatementsbarebtruebaboutbviruses,bexcept:
a. VirusesbconsistbofbDNAborbRNAbbutbnotbboth.
b. Virusesbarebacellularbbutbarebsurroundedbbybabproteinbcoat.
c. Virusesbcanbinfectbbacteria,bplants,bandbanimals.
d. Virusesbdobnotbneedbhostbcellsbtobsurvivebandbgrow.
ANSWER:b D
Virusesbneedbtobhavebabhostbcellbbecausebtheybdobnotbhavebthebabilitybtobreproduceborbnourishbth
emselvesbwithoutbthebhost’sbcellularbmechanisms.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
11. Diagnosticbmicrobiologistsbapplybplacementbandbnamingbofbbacterialborganismsbintoballbthebfol
lowingbcategories,bexcept
a. order.
b. family.
c. genus.
d. species.
ANSWER:b A
Clinicalbmicrobiologistsbusebthebfamily,bgenus,bandbspeciesbtaxonomicbcategoriesbtobidentifybspe
ciesbthatbarebimportantbforbdiagnosticbdiseases.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
12. Bacterialbspeciesbthatbexhibitbphenotypicbdifferencesbarebconsidered
a. biovarieties.
b. serovarieties.
c. phagevarieties.
d. subspecies.
.
.
, ANSWER:b D
Biovarietiesbvarybbasedbonbbiochemicalbtestbresults,bserovarietiesbvarybbasedbonbserologicbtestbre
sults,bandbphagevarietiesbisbabfictitiousbword.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
13. Whatbstructurebisbdescribedbasbabphospholipidbbilayerbembeddedbwithbproteinsbandbsterolsbthatb
regulatesbthebtypebandbamountbofbchemicalsbthatbpassbinbandboutbofbabcell?
a. Cellbwall
b. Mitochondria
c. Endoplasmicbreticulum
d. Plasmabmembrane
ANSWER:b D
Thebcellbwallbisbthebouterbcoveringbmadebupbofblipids.bThebmitochondriabisbabcellularborganellebthat
bisbconsideredbthebpowerhousebofbthebcellb(electronbtransportbandboxidativebphosphorylationb occurb
here).bThebendoplasmicbreticulumbisbabcellularborganellebwherebproteinbsynthesisboccurs.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
14. Whatbmakesbthebinteriorbofbthebplasmabmembranebpotentiallybimpermeablebtobwater-
solublebmolecules?
a. Thebhydrophobicbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebfoundbthere.
b. Thebhydrophilicbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebfoundbthere.
c. Thebionbchannelsbarebfoundbthere.
d. Thebcholesterolbmoleculesbinbthebplasmabmembranebarebfoundbsolelybinbthebinteriorbofbt
hebmembrane.
ANSWER:b A
Thebplasmabmembranebisbdesignedbsobthatbthebhydrophilicbheadsbofbthebphospholipidbmolecule
sbarebpositionedbtobmakebcontactbwithbthebintracellularbandbextracellularbfluids.bThebhydrophobi
cbtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbfacebawaybfrombthebfluidsbandbformbthebinteriorbofbthebpl
asmabmembrane.bThebtailsbofbthebphospholipidbmoleculesbarebhydrophobic,bnotbhydrophilic.bTh
ebionbchannelsbextendbthroughbthebcellularbmembrane.bThebcholesterolbmoleculesbalsobextendbt
hroughbthebplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
15. Thebfunctionbofbabcellbwallbisbto
a. regulatebthebtransportbofbmacromoleculesbinbandboutbofbthebcell.
b. providebrigiditybandbstrengthbtobthebexteriorbofbthebcell.
c. providebreservebenergybtobthebeukaryoticbcell.
d. protectbthebeukaryotebfrombpredators.
ANSWER:b B
Thebplasmabmembranebregulatesbthebtransportbofbmacromoleculesbinbandboutbofbthebcell,bnotbth
ebcellbwall.bThebmitochondriabprovidebenergybtobthebeukaryoticbcell.bCellbwallsbarebnotbablebtobp
rotectbabeukaryoticbcellbfrombpredators.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
.
.
,16. Namebthebnumerousbshortb(3btob10bμm)bprojectionsbthatbextendbfrombthebcellbsurfacebandbarebus
edbforbcellularblocomotion.
a. Flagella
b. Mitochondria
c. Cilia
d. Phospholipid
ANSWER:b C
Bybdefinition,bciliabarebshortbprojectionsbextendingbfrombthebcellbsurfacebandbarebusedbforbloc
omotion,bwhereasbflagellabareblongerbprojectionsbusedbforblocomotion.bMitochondriabarebcellul
arborganellesbresponsiblebforbelectronbtransportbandboxidativebphosphorylation.
Phospholipidsbarebpolarbmoleculesbthatbformbthebplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
17. Abmicrobiologybtechnologistbperformsbabtraditionalbbacterialbstainbonbabcolonybfrombabwoundbcu
lturebthatbisbsuspectedbtobcontainbbacteriabfrombthebgenusbClostridium.bThebunstainedbareasbinbthe
bbacterialbcellbobservedbbybthebtechnologistbarebcalled
a. cilia.
b. ribosomes.
c. endospores.
d. mitochondria.
ANSWER:b C
Ribosomesbarebsmallbcircularbareasbusedbforbproteinbsynthesisbthatbarebnotbvisiblebonbabtraditio
nalbstain.bCiliabarebshortbprojectionsbonbtheboutsidebofbthebplasmabmembranebusedbforblocomotio
n.bMitochondriabarebcellularborganellesbusedbforbenergybproduction.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
18. Thisbconstituentbofbabgram-
positivebcellbwallbabsorbsbcrystalbvioletbbutbisbnotbdissolvedbbybalcohol,bthusbgivingbthebgram-
positivebcellbitsbcharacteristicbpurplebcolor.
a. Mycolicbacid
b. Cholesterol
c. Carbolfuchsin
d. Peptidoglycan
ANSWER:b D
MycolicbacidbisbpartbofbthebcellbwallbofbthebMycobacteriumbandbNocardiabspp.,bbutbdoesbnotbpla
ybabpartbinbthebGrambstain.bCholesterolbisbalsobpartbofbthebcellbmembrane,bnotbthebcellbwall,bsobitb
doesbnotbplaybabpartbinbthebGrambstain.bCarbolfuchsinbisbabstainbusedbinbbacteriology.
OBJ:b Levelb2:bInterpretation
19. Mycobacteriabhavebabgram-
positivebcellbwallbstructurebwithbabwaxyblayerbcontainingbthesebtwobcompounds.
a. Glycolipidsbandbmycolicbacid
b. Glycolipidsbandbphospholipids
c. Mycolicbacidbandblipopolysaccharides
d. Lipopolysaccharidesbandbphospholipids
ANSWER:b A
, Glycolipidsbarebabpartbofbthebwaxyblayer,bbutbphospholipidsbarebpartbofbthebplasmabmembrane.b
Mycolicbacidbisbabpartbofbthebwaxyblayer,bbutblipopolysaccharidesbarebpartbofbabgram-
negativebcellbwall.bLipopolysaccharidesbarebpartbofbabgram-
negativebwall,bandbphospholipidsbarebpartbofbabplasmabmembrane.
OBJ:bbb Levelb1:bRecall
20. WhenbperformingbabGrambstainbonbabgram-
negativeborganism,bthebcrystalbvioletbisbabsorbedbintobthisbouterbcellbwallblayer,bandbthenbwash
edbawaybwithbthebacetonebalcohol.bWhatbisbthebmainbcomponentbofbthebouterblayerbofbthebcellb
wall?
a. Peptidoglycan
b. Mycolicbacid
c. N-acetyl-D-muramicbacid
d. Lipopolysaccharide
ANSWER:b D
Peptidoglycanbisbabthinnerblayerbunderbtheblipopolysaccharidebinbabgram-
negativeborganism,bwhereasbmycolicbacidbisbthebwaxyblayerbpresentbinbabmycobacterium’sbout
erbcellbwall,bandbN-acetyl-D-muramicbacidbisbpartbofbthebpeptidoglycan.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
21. Thebthreebregionsbofbtheblipopolysaccharidebincludeballbthebfollowing,bexcept
a. antigenicbO-specificbpolysaccharide.
b. mycolicbacid.
c. corebpolysaccharide.
d. endotoxinb(innerblipidbA).
ANSWER:b B
AntigenicbO-
specificbpolysaccharide,bcorebpolysaccharide,bandbendotoxinbareballbpartbofbtheblipopolysacch
arideblayer.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
22. Thebouterbcellbwallbofbthebgram-
negativebbacteriabservesbthreebimportantbfunctions,bwhichbincludesballbthebfollowing,bexcept:
a. Itbprovidesbanbattachmentbsitebforbthebflagella,bwhichbwillbactbinblocomotion.
b. Itbactsbasbabbarrierbtobhydrophobicbcompoundsbandbharmfulbsubstances.
c. Itbactsbasbabsieve.
d. Itbprovidesbattachmentbsitesbthatbenhancebadhesionbtobhostbcells.
ANSWER:b A
Thebouterbcellbwallbofbgram-
negativebbacteriabactsbasbabbarrierbtobhydrophobicbcompoundsbandbharmfulbsubstances,bactsbasb
absieve,bandbprovidesbattachmentbsitesbthatbenhancebadhesionbtobhostbcells.bFlagellabattachbtobth
ebcellbmembrane,bnotbtobthebcellbwall.
OBJ:b Levelb1:bRecall
23. MycoplasmabandbUreaplasmabspp.bmustbhavebmediabsupplementedbwithbserumborbsugarbasbnut
rientsbandbbecause
a. theirbcellbwallsbcontainbonlybpeptidoglycan.
b. theyblackbcellbwalls.
.
, .
