HESI RN MED-SURGE PRACTICE
EXAM WITH ELABORATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea. the
client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. the nurse should further assess the client for which
condition?
Pulmonary embolism.
Heart failure.
Tuberculosis.
Bronchitis. - ANSWER-Pulmonary embolism
which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial assessment of a client who
presents to the emergency department with a painful ankle injury? (select all that apply)
Quality of the pain.
Signs of inflammation.
Ankle range of motion.
Muscle strength testing.
Visible deformities of the joint - ANSWER-Quality of the pain
Signs of inflammation
Ankle range of motion
Visible deformities of the joint
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
,Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
Joint pain is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day.
Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is relieved by pain medication.
Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral joints. - ANSWER-Joint pain is worse in the
morning and involves symmetric joints
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with long-term
gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)?
Hoarseness.
Dry mouth.
Mouth ulcers.
Weight loss. - ANSWER-Hoarseness
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding should the nurse
anticipate?
Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis.
Clubbing of fingers and toes.
Intermittent claudication. Incorrect
Peripheral cyanosis. - ANSWER-Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis
,A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with traction. which action by
the nurse is the priority when caring for this client?
Assess neurovascular status.
Change the client's position.
Inspect the traction equipment.
Review pain medication orders. - ANSWER-Assess neurovascular status
Which statement made by a client with chronic pancreatitis indicates that further education is needed?
I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily.
I will avoid drinking caffeinated beverages.
I will rest frequently and avoid vigorous exercise.
I will eat a bland, low-fat, high-protein diet. - ANSWER-I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily
The nurse is teaching a female client who uses a contraceptive diaphragm about reducing the risk for
toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Which information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
Remove the diaphragm immediately after intercourse.
Wash the diaphragm with an alcohol solution.
Use the diaphragm to prevent conception during the menstrual cycle.
Do not leave the diaphragm in place longer than 8 hours after intercourse.
Replace the old diaphragm every 3 months. - ANSWER-Do not leave the diaphragm in place longer than
8 hours after intercourse
Replace the old diaphragm every 3 months
, A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands that smoking cigarettes is
contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are having in getting pregnant and wants to know if
other factors could be contributing to their difficulty. Which information is best for the nurse to
provide? (Select all that apply).
Marijuana cigarettes do not affect sperm count.
Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
Obesity has no effect on sperm production. - ANSWER-Alcohol consumption can cause erectile
dysfunction
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility
Twenty four hours after a client returns from surgical gastric bypass, the registered nurse (RN) observes
large amounts of blood in the nasogastric tube (NGT) cannister. Which assessment finding should the RN
report as early signs of hypovolemic shock?
Faint pedal pulses.
Decrease in blood pressure.
Lethargy.
Slow breathing. - ANSWER-lethargy
the registered nurse (RN) is assessing a male client who arrives at the clinic with severe abdominal
cramping, pain, tenesmus, and dehydration. the RN discovers that the client has had 14 to 20 loose
stools with rectal bleeding. When taking the client's medical history, which information is most for the
nurse to obtain?
EXAM WITH ELABORATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea. the
client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. the nurse should further assess the client for which
condition?
Pulmonary embolism.
Heart failure.
Tuberculosis.
Bronchitis. - ANSWER-Pulmonary embolism
which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial assessment of a client who
presents to the emergency department with a painful ankle injury? (select all that apply)
Quality of the pain.
Signs of inflammation.
Ankle range of motion.
Muscle strength testing.
Visible deformities of the joint - ANSWER-Quality of the pain
Signs of inflammation
Ankle range of motion
Visible deformities of the joint
Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
,Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
Joint pain is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day.
Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is relieved by pain medication.
Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral joints. - ANSWER-Joint pain is worse in the
morning and involves symmetric joints
Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with long-term
gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)?
Hoarseness.
Dry mouth.
Mouth ulcers.
Weight loss. - ANSWER-Hoarseness
A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding should the nurse
anticipate?
Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis.
Clubbing of fingers and toes.
Intermittent claudication. Incorrect
Peripheral cyanosis. - ANSWER-Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis
,A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with traction. which action by
the nurse is the priority when caring for this client?
Assess neurovascular status.
Change the client's position.
Inspect the traction equipment.
Review pain medication orders. - ANSWER-Assess neurovascular status
Which statement made by a client with chronic pancreatitis indicates that further education is needed?
I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily.
I will avoid drinking caffeinated beverages.
I will rest frequently and avoid vigorous exercise.
I will eat a bland, low-fat, high-protein diet. - ANSWER-I will cut back on smoking cigarettes daily
The nurse is teaching a female client who uses a contraceptive diaphragm about reducing the risk for
toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Which information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
Remove the diaphragm immediately after intercourse.
Wash the diaphragm with an alcohol solution.
Use the diaphragm to prevent conception during the menstrual cycle.
Do not leave the diaphragm in place longer than 8 hours after intercourse.
Replace the old diaphragm every 3 months. - ANSWER-Do not leave the diaphragm in place longer than
8 hours after intercourse
Replace the old diaphragm every 3 months
, A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands that smoking cigarettes is
contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are having in getting pregnant and wants to know if
other factors could be contributing to their difficulty. Which information is best for the nurse to
provide? (Select all that apply).
Marijuana cigarettes do not affect sperm count.
Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
Obesity has no effect on sperm production. - ANSWER-Alcohol consumption can cause erectile
dysfunction
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility
Twenty four hours after a client returns from surgical gastric bypass, the registered nurse (RN) observes
large amounts of blood in the nasogastric tube (NGT) cannister. Which assessment finding should the RN
report as early signs of hypovolemic shock?
Faint pedal pulses.
Decrease in blood pressure.
Lethargy.
Slow breathing. - ANSWER-lethargy
the registered nurse (RN) is assessing a male client who arrives at the clinic with severe abdominal
cramping, pain, tenesmus, and dehydration. the RN discovers that the client has had 14 to 20 loose
stools with rectal bleeding. When taking the client's medical history, which information is most for the
nurse to obtain?
