May 2025 Edexcel: AS Level History 8HI0/2D Paper 2 – Depth Study, Option 2D.1:
The Unification of Italy, c.1830–1870 & Option 2D.2: The Unification of Germany,
c.1840–1871 – Merged Question Paper & Mark Scheme
Exam Resource Summary
This May 2025 Pearson Edexcel AS Level History 8HI0/2D document merges the
official question paper and mark scheme for Paper 2 – Depth Study, Option 2D.1: The
Unification of Italy, c.1830–1870 & Option 2D.2: The Unification of Germany, c.1840–
1871. It covers key themes including the role of liberalism and nationalism, the
impact of major individuals (such as Cavour and Bismarck), diplomatic and military
developments in the unification processes, and the resultant socio-political changes
in both Italy and Germany. The merged format provides students with an integrated
view of the full exam alongside the official mark scheme — clarifying examiner
expectations, mark distribution, and response structuring. Essential for effective
revision, self-assessment and preparation to excel in the 2025 Edexcel AS Level
History Paper 2.
Turn over
,
,
, SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature
of Gioberti’s views on Italian nationalism in the 1840s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it
and your own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an
enquiry into the impact of the rule of the restored Bourbon monarchy
on the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in the years 1830–47?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it
and your own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
The Unification of Italy, c.1830–1870 & Option 2D.2: The Unification of Germany,
c.1840–1871 – Merged Question Paper & Mark Scheme
Exam Resource Summary
This May 2025 Pearson Edexcel AS Level History 8HI0/2D document merges the
official question paper and mark scheme for Paper 2 – Depth Study, Option 2D.1: The
Unification of Italy, c.1830–1870 & Option 2D.2: The Unification of Germany, c.1840–
1871. It covers key themes including the role of liberalism and nationalism, the
impact of major individuals (such as Cavour and Bismarck), diplomatic and military
developments in the unification processes, and the resultant socio-political changes
in both Italy and Germany. The merged format provides students with an integrated
view of the full exam alongside the official mark scheme — clarifying examiner
expectations, mark distribution, and response structuring. Essential for effective
revision, self-assessment and preparation to excel in the 2025 Edexcel AS Level
History Paper 2.
Turn over
,
,
, SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature
of Gioberti’s views on Italian nationalism in the 1840s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it
and your own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an
enquiry into the impact of the rule of the restored Bourbon monarchy
on the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in the years 1830–47?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it
and your own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
