FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING - EXAM 1 GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE 2026
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5) -ANSWER-Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process? -ANSWER-(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
Define Assessment -ANSWER-Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health
and/or situation.
,- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient? -ANSWER-NO! Only the patient
can give subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the Diagnosis phase? -ANSWER-Analyze the assessment and make a clinical
judgement related to an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis? -ANSWER-First info → Related to → as
evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by
crying)"
What are the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION? -ANSWER-This is the statement of how a
patient's status will change once interventions have been successfully instituted
,Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process -ANSWER-Develops a plan that prescribes
strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long
term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process -ANSWER-The actions to facilitate
positive patient outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals? -ANSWER-Cognitive
Personal
Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process -ANSWER-This describes how well
the patients needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal? -ANSWER-90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude? -ANSWER-CARING
, COMPETENCE
How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process? -ANSWER-
Verbal interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behavior
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT -ANSWER-The referent motivates one person to communicate with
another.
Examples of referents: sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions,
sensations, perceptions, ideas, etc.
Define SENDER in communication -ANSWER-The person who encodes and delivers the
message.
Sender puts ideas or feelings into form that is transmitted and is responsible for accuracy
and emotional tone of message content
What is the RECEIVER in the communication process? -ANSWER-The person who receives
and decodes the message
** senders message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to,
translating, and responding to the message.
LATEST UPDATE 2026
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5) -ANSWER-Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process? -ANSWER-(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
Define Assessment -ANSWER-Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health
and/or situation.
,- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient? -ANSWER-NO! Only the patient
can give subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the Diagnosis phase? -ANSWER-Analyze the assessment and make a clinical
judgement related to an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis? -ANSWER-First info → Related to → as
evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by
crying)"
What are the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION? -ANSWER-This is the statement of how a
patient's status will change once interventions have been successfully instituted
,Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process -ANSWER-Develops a plan that prescribes
strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long
term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process -ANSWER-The actions to facilitate
positive patient outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals? -ANSWER-Cognitive
Personal
Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process -ANSWER-This describes how well
the patients needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal? -ANSWER-90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude? -ANSWER-CARING
, COMPETENCE
How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process? -ANSWER-
Verbal interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behavior
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT -ANSWER-The referent motivates one person to communicate with
another.
Examples of referents: sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions,
sensations, perceptions, ideas, etc.
Define SENDER in communication -ANSWER-The person who encodes and delivers the
message.
Sender puts ideas or feelings into form that is transmitted and is responsible for accuracy
and emotional tone of message content
What is the RECEIVER in the communication process? -ANSWER-The person who receives
and decodes the message
** senders message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to,
translating, and responding to the message.
