NSG430 Final Exam V1 | NSG 430 Adult
Health Nursing II | Grand Canyon
University
This final exam preparation resource is designed to provide a comprehensive review of adult
health nursing care, medical-surgical nursing concepts, and evidence-based patient
management strategies covered throughout the course. The material integrates major adult
nursing concepts into a realistic exam-style format.
The questions included in this version are structured to closely mirror actual final exam
assessments and strengthen clinical reasoning and nursing decision-making skills. Detailed
expert explanations are included to improve concept integration and exam readiness.
════════════════════════════════════
The Exam Covers:
• Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders
• Neurological nursing care
• Renal and endocrine disorders
• Gastrointestinal nursing management
• Critical care nursing concepts
• Adult pharmacology review
• Patient safety and prioritization
• Comprehensive adult nursing review
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1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is 24 hours post-myocardial infarction. Which cardiac
rhythm should the nurse prioritize as most life-threatening if it appears on the monitor?
A. Ventricular fibrillation
B. Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
C. Sinus bradycardia at 58 beats per minute
D. Atrial fibrillation with a controlled rate
,Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Ventricular fibrillation is a lethal cardiac rhythm characterized by a
lack of coordinated ventricular contraction. It leads to an immediate cessation of cardiac
output and requires rapid defibrillation to restore a pulse. The nurse must recognize this as
the highest priority to prevent sudden cardiac death.
2. A patient with a history of heart failure presents with increased shortness of breath and a
5-pound weight gain over two days. What is the nurse’s priority assessment?
A. Assess for peripheral edema in lower extremities
B. Evaluate the patient’s skin turgor and moisture
C. Check the patient’s daily intake and output records
D. Auscultate lung sounds for crackles
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: In a patient with heart failure and rapid weight gain, the nurse must
assess for pulmonary congestion which indicates worsening left-sided failure. Auscultating
for crackles helps identify pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening complication. This
assessment directly addresses the patient’s reported shortness of breath.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about their new prescription for Warfarin. Which statement
by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will use an electric razor for shaving.
B. I need to have my blood checked regularly for INR levels.
, C. I will increase my intake of spinach and kale to stay healthy.
D. I will report any unusual bruising to my doctor immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Spinach and kale are high in Vitamin K, which is the antagonist for
Warfarin and can decrease its effectiveness. Patients should maintain a consistent intake of
Vitamin K rather than increasing it suddenly. The other statements regarding safety and
monitoring are correct for a patient on anticoagulation therapy.
4. A patient is admitted with a suspected Myocardial Infarction (MI). Which laboratory test is
considered the most sensitive and specific biomarker for cardiac muscle injury?
A. Creatine Kinase (CK-MB)
B. Myoglobin
C. Troponin T and I
D. C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Troponins are highly specific to cardiac muscle and are the preferred
markers for diagnosing an MI. They begin to rise within a few hours of injury and remain
elevated for several days. Other markers like CK-MB or myoglobin are less specific or
return to baseline more quickly.
Health Nursing II | Grand Canyon
University
This final exam preparation resource is designed to provide a comprehensive review of adult
health nursing care, medical-surgical nursing concepts, and evidence-based patient
management strategies covered throughout the course. The material integrates major adult
nursing concepts into a realistic exam-style format.
The questions included in this version are structured to closely mirror actual final exam
assessments and strengthen clinical reasoning and nursing decision-making skills. Detailed
expert explanations are included to improve concept integration and exam readiness.
════════════════════════════════════
The Exam Covers:
• Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders
• Neurological nursing care
• Renal and endocrine disorders
• Gastrointestinal nursing management
• Critical care nursing concepts
• Adult pharmacology review
• Patient safety and prioritization
• Comprehensive adult nursing review
════════════════════════════════════
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is 24 hours post-myocardial infarction. Which cardiac
rhythm should the nurse prioritize as most life-threatening if it appears on the monitor?
A. Ventricular fibrillation
B. Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
C. Sinus bradycardia at 58 beats per minute
D. Atrial fibrillation with a controlled rate
,Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Ventricular fibrillation is a lethal cardiac rhythm characterized by a
lack of coordinated ventricular contraction. It leads to an immediate cessation of cardiac
output and requires rapid defibrillation to restore a pulse. The nurse must recognize this as
the highest priority to prevent sudden cardiac death.
2. A patient with a history of heart failure presents with increased shortness of breath and a
5-pound weight gain over two days. What is the nurse’s priority assessment?
A. Assess for peripheral edema in lower extremities
B. Evaluate the patient’s skin turgor and moisture
C. Check the patient’s daily intake and output records
D. Auscultate lung sounds for crackles
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: In a patient with heart failure and rapid weight gain, the nurse must
assess for pulmonary congestion which indicates worsening left-sided failure. Auscultating
for crackles helps identify pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening complication. This
assessment directly addresses the patient’s reported shortness of breath.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about their new prescription for Warfarin. Which statement
by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will use an electric razor for shaving.
B. I need to have my blood checked regularly for INR levels.
, C. I will increase my intake of spinach and kale to stay healthy.
D. I will report any unusual bruising to my doctor immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Spinach and kale are high in Vitamin K, which is the antagonist for
Warfarin and can decrease its effectiveness. Patients should maintain a consistent intake of
Vitamin K rather than increasing it suddenly. The other statements regarding safety and
monitoring are correct for a patient on anticoagulation therapy.
4. A patient is admitted with a suspected Myocardial Infarction (MI). Which laboratory test is
considered the most sensitive and specific biomarker for cardiac muscle injury?
A. Creatine Kinase (CK-MB)
B. Myoglobin
C. Troponin T and I
D. C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Troponins are highly specific to cardiac muscle and are the preferred
markers for diagnosing an MI. They begin to rise within a few hours of injury and remain
elevated for several days. Other markers like CK-MB or myoglobin are less specific or
return to baseline more quickly.
