NSG 3600 PEDS EXAM 2 |135 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GRADE
A+
Congestive Heart Failure Etiology - answer-Inability of the heart to perform is function of
moving blood forward. Caused by CHD, dysrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, Kawasaki's.
Congestive Heart Failure Signs and Symptoms for Baby - answer-Poor feed, poor
growth, irritability, shortness of air, exercise intolerance, peripheral edema (puffy legs
and feet). The child uses a lot of energy in feeding so they can get tired which causes
poor feeding.
Congestive Heart Failure Treatment/Interventions - answer-Monitor Vital signs, keep the
child comfortable, oxygenation when needed. Give medications (Angiotensin
Converting Enzyme -ACE- Inhibitor (Captopril) Vasodilation, Cardiac Glycoside
(Digoxin), Loop Diuretic (Furosemide)).
What is important information to know about Digoxin? - answer-Makes the heart pump
harder so we need to make sure we DO NOT give this medication if their heart rate is
less than 90 in infant OR 70 in child. Toxicity of this drug can cause bradycardia and NV.
What is important information we need to know about Furosemide when it comes to
Congestive Heart Failure? - answer-We need to watch the potassium levels when it
comes to this drug. If the levels begin to decrease the digoxin levels will increase
causing toxicity.
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - answer-Simple defect of the atria results when the two
septae fail to overlap properly. Will occur in the second intercostal space and is on the
LEFT side. Sound will either be blowing or very harsh. These kids will be surgery due to
their defect not closing on its own.
,Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - answer-MOST COMMON! Defect of the ventricles
when the two septae fail to overlap properly. Is in the lower intercostal space. You can
feel it with your hand. The spleen and liver will be enlarged due to extra blood flow. The
sound will be very harsh sounding.
Treatment for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - answer-
Watch for spontaneous closure, surgical repair, monitor vitals signs, watch for bleeding
tamponade or migration of the device (chest pain, sudden decrease in BP, palpation)
Watch oxygenation and do congestive heart failure management.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) - answer-In utero, the shunt serves the purpose to
bypass the lungs. The ducts starts to close usually within 48 hours but can take as long
as 1 year. If the whole is too large we would need to patch it. This causes blood to go
into the lungs that is not oxygenated.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Manifestations - answer-Harsh murmur-Left
subconfiural margin sound machine like and depends on the side of the defect. The
smaller it is the louder it is. Systolic is higher and the Diastolic gets lower. Frequent
colds, susceptible to RSV, poor feeding/poor growth pattern.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Therapeutic Management - answer-Medical care is
usually closure by surgery or a transcatheter device. Postop measures are wound care,
monitoring vital signs, hydration/nutrition.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - answer-Malformation of the pulmonary artery or
pulmonic valve. Increase workload on right ventricle.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Clinical Manifestations - answer-These kids could have their valve
replace. If any of these kids have oxygen issues while on wall oxygen there are more
issues and other problems.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Therapeutic Management - answer-Reducing stressful situations
that may cause high blood pressure. Angioplasty or valvulopasty.
, Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - answer-Malformation and narrowing in the aorta or
around the aortic valve. Kids can pass out from overexertion and can cause heart
failure.
Coarctation of the Aorta: Pathophysiology - answer-A narrowing or constriction of the
descending aorta distal to the carotid arteries. Decrease blood pressure and decrease
pulses in lower part of the lower body. Which makes the upper body have bounding and
high pressure.
Coarctation of the Aorta: Clinical Manifestations - answer-Murmur, Signs of Congestive
Heart Failure, pain in the legs or cyanotic lower extremities, increase pressure to head
and upper extremities, decrease pressure to lower extremities (cold and hard to
perfused)
Coarctation of the Aorta: Therapeutic Management - answer-Surgery-Nursing care
consist of post op management.
Cardiac Cath- angioplasty and valvuloplasty.
Captopril (Capoten) or enalapril (Vasotec). Can also give Digoxin and Lasix.
Tricuspid Atresia: Pathophysiology - answer-Caused by an error in the formation if the
tricuspid valve. As a single defect this condition is incompatible with life. Most children
born with TA also have ASD or VSD. The deoxygenated blood must reach the pulmonary
bed to sustain life. SINGLE DEFECT where the deoxygenated blood never reaches the
lungs which means its impossible for these kids to survive.
When is a tricuspid atresia found? - answer-It is found in prenatal visit at 20 weeks (child
will have surgery right after birth) If not found or caught the baby will turn blue and the
baby will need surgery right away to see where the issue is.
Tricuspid Atresia: Clinical Manifestations - answer-Cyanosis-a bluish discoloration of
the skin resulting from poor circulation
Tachycardia-a rapid heartbeat
Dyspnea-difficult or labored breathing.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GRADE
A+
Congestive Heart Failure Etiology - answer-Inability of the heart to perform is function of
moving blood forward. Caused by CHD, dysrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, Kawasaki's.
Congestive Heart Failure Signs and Symptoms for Baby - answer-Poor feed, poor
growth, irritability, shortness of air, exercise intolerance, peripheral edema (puffy legs
and feet). The child uses a lot of energy in feeding so they can get tired which causes
poor feeding.
Congestive Heart Failure Treatment/Interventions - answer-Monitor Vital signs, keep the
child comfortable, oxygenation when needed. Give medications (Angiotensin
Converting Enzyme -ACE- Inhibitor (Captopril) Vasodilation, Cardiac Glycoside
(Digoxin), Loop Diuretic (Furosemide)).
What is important information to know about Digoxin? - answer-Makes the heart pump
harder so we need to make sure we DO NOT give this medication if their heart rate is
less than 90 in infant OR 70 in child. Toxicity of this drug can cause bradycardia and NV.
What is important information we need to know about Furosemide when it comes to
Congestive Heart Failure? - answer-We need to watch the potassium levels when it
comes to this drug. If the levels begin to decrease the digoxin levels will increase
causing toxicity.
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - answer-Simple defect of the atria results when the two
septae fail to overlap properly. Will occur in the second intercostal space and is on the
LEFT side. Sound will either be blowing or very harsh. These kids will be surgery due to
their defect not closing on its own.
,Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - answer-MOST COMMON! Defect of the ventricles
when the two septae fail to overlap properly. Is in the lower intercostal space. You can
feel it with your hand. The spleen and liver will be enlarged due to extra blood flow. The
sound will be very harsh sounding.
Treatment for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - answer-
Watch for spontaneous closure, surgical repair, monitor vitals signs, watch for bleeding
tamponade or migration of the device (chest pain, sudden decrease in BP, palpation)
Watch oxygenation and do congestive heart failure management.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) - answer-In utero, the shunt serves the purpose to
bypass the lungs. The ducts starts to close usually within 48 hours but can take as long
as 1 year. If the whole is too large we would need to patch it. This causes blood to go
into the lungs that is not oxygenated.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Manifestations - answer-Harsh murmur-Left
subconfiural margin sound machine like and depends on the side of the defect. The
smaller it is the louder it is. Systolic is higher and the Diastolic gets lower. Frequent
colds, susceptible to RSV, poor feeding/poor growth pattern.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Therapeutic Management - answer-Medical care is
usually closure by surgery or a transcatheter device. Postop measures are wound care,
monitoring vital signs, hydration/nutrition.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - answer-Malformation of the pulmonary artery or
pulmonic valve. Increase workload on right ventricle.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Clinical Manifestations - answer-These kids could have their valve
replace. If any of these kids have oxygen issues while on wall oxygen there are more
issues and other problems.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Therapeutic Management - answer-Reducing stressful situations
that may cause high blood pressure. Angioplasty or valvulopasty.
, Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - answer-Malformation and narrowing in the aorta or
around the aortic valve. Kids can pass out from overexertion and can cause heart
failure.
Coarctation of the Aorta: Pathophysiology - answer-A narrowing or constriction of the
descending aorta distal to the carotid arteries. Decrease blood pressure and decrease
pulses in lower part of the lower body. Which makes the upper body have bounding and
high pressure.
Coarctation of the Aorta: Clinical Manifestations - answer-Murmur, Signs of Congestive
Heart Failure, pain in the legs or cyanotic lower extremities, increase pressure to head
and upper extremities, decrease pressure to lower extremities (cold and hard to
perfused)
Coarctation of the Aorta: Therapeutic Management - answer-Surgery-Nursing care
consist of post op management.
Cardiac Cath- angioplasty and valvuloplasty.
Captopril (Capoten) or enalapril (Vasotec). Can also give Digoxin and Lasix.
Tricuspid Atresia: Pathophysiology - answer-Caused by an error in the formation if the
tricuspid valve. As a single defect this condition is incompatible with life. Most children
born with TA also have ASD or VSD. The deoxygenated blood must reach the pulmonary
bed to sustain life. SINGLE DEFECT where the deoxygenated blood never reaches the
lungs which means its impossible for these kids to survive.
When is a tricuspid atresia found? - answer-It is found in prenatal visit at 20 weeks (child
will have surgery right after birth) If not found or caught the baby will turn blue and the
baby will need surgery right away to see where the issue is.
Tricuspid Atresia: Clinical Manifestations - answer-Cyanosis-a bluish discoloration of
the skin resulting from poor circulation
Tachycardia-a rapid heartbeat
Dyspnea-difficult or labored breathing.
