NR 574 Final Exam: (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Immunological Disorders -
HIV, SLE, RA, APS, Fibromyalgia | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified
Answers) – Chamberlain University
Subject: Advanced Pathophysiology & Acute Care – HIV Testing & Treatment, Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), Fibromyalgia
Source: NR 574 Final Exam Week 3 / Chamberlain University / CDC, ANA, ARV Guidelines (2026/2027
Update)
Format: Q&A Guide with Clinical Rationales | Grade A Guaranteed
1. A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with Chlamydia trachomatis. An HIV antibody test is ordered.
Which statement is TRUE regarding laboratory-based HIV antibody tests approved by the FDA?
a. The IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after infection than the IgM/IgG-sensitive
antibody tests
b. Recent inoculation with the influenza vaccine is a known cause of a false-positive result
c. The most common cause of a false-negative test is coinfection with hepatitis C virus
d. The IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after infection than HIV p24 antigen tests
e. None of the IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests can detect HIV-2
Correct Answer: b. Recent inoculation with the influenza vaccine is a known cause of a false-positive
result
1. IgM/IgG assays detect HIV sooner than IgG-only assays.
2. False-positive causes: pregnancy, influenza vaccine, autoimmune disorders,
hypergammaglobulinemia, blood transfusions.
3. Most common cause of false-negative is acute HIV infection.
2. A 31-year-old woman has HIV exposure after a condom broke. She has follow-up HIV testing.
Which best describes the window period?
a. CDC recommends 45 days for laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassays
b. CDC recommends 90 days for laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassays
c. CDC recommends 45 days for all laboratory-based IgM/IgG HIV-1/2 antibody immunoassays
d. Window period is time from HIV acquisition until HIV RNA becomes detectable in ≥10% of
persons
e. Window period is time from HIV acquisition until HIV RNA becomes detectable in ≥50% of persons
Correct Answer: c. The CDC recommends using 45 days as the window period for all laboratory-based
IgM/IgG HIV-1/2 antibody immunoassays
1. Window period is time between HIV acquisition and when a test accurately detects HIV in
almost all persons.
2. For antigen-antibody tests, CDC recommends 45 days to rule out HIV infection after exposure.
3. Window period depends on the diagnostic test used.
, 3. A 22-year-old man with HIV (CD4 390, RNA 46,120, no resistance) is motivated to start ART.
According to ARV Guidelines, what is the recommendation?
a. Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all persons with HIV
b. ART recommended only for decline in CD4 count of at least 100 cells/mm³
c. ART recommended only for CD4 count less than 350 cells/mm³
d. ART recommended only for CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³
e. ART recommended only for HIV RNA greater than 30,000 copies/mL
Correct Answer: a. Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all persons with HIV
1. ART is recommended for all individuals with HIV to reduce morbidity/mortality and prevent
transmission (AI).
2. Initiate ART immediately after HIV diagnosis to increase uptake and decrease time to viral
suppression (AII).
3. START and TEMPRANO trials showed benefit in persons with CD4 >500.
4. A 51-year-old transgender woman with HIV on darunavir-cobicistat and tenofovir DF-
emtricitabine has elevated lipids. Which statin is contraindicated?
a. Pravastatin
b. Atorvastatin
c. Simvastatin
d. Pitavastatin
e. Rosuvastatin
Correct Answer: c. Simvastatin
1. Ritonavir (in darunavir-cobicistat) is a potent CYP450 inhibitor.
2. Simvastatin and lovastatin are contraindicated with all protease inhibitors.
3. Preferred statins: atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin (use lowest starting dose).
5. What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?
Correct Answer: Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks connective tissue
throughout the body, including joints and skin.
1. SLE affects multiple organ systems: renal, skin, pulmonary, cardiovascular.
2. No cure; management focuses on symptom control and preventing flares.
6. What are the clinical manifestations of SLE?
Correct Answer: Facial rash (butterfly rash in 80%), arthritis, arthralgia, photosensitivity, pleurisy,
pericarditis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, alopecia, Raynaud's syndrome, renal disorders,
seizures, cognitive/neuropsychiatric symptoms, mouth/nose ulcers.
1. Classic triad: fever, arthralgia, and rash (FAR).
2. Most common targets: renal, skin, pulmonary, and cardiovascular systems.
HIV, SLE, RA, APS, Fibromyalgia | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified
Answers) – Chamberlain University
Subject: Advanced Pathophysiology & Acute Care – HIV Testing & Treatment, Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), Fibromyalgia
Source: NR 574 Final Exam Week 3 / Chamberlain University / CDC, ANA, ARV Guidelines (2026/2027
Update)
Format: Q&A Guide with Clinical Rationales | Grade A Guaranteed
1. A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with Chlamydia trachomatis. An HIV antibody test is ordered.
Which statement is TRUE regarding laboratory-based HIV antibody tests approved by the FDA?
a. The IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after infection than the IgM/IgG-sensitive
antibody tests
b. Recent inoculation with the influenza vaccine is a known cause of a false-positive result
c. The most common cause of a false-negative test is coinfection with hepatitis C virus
d. The IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests detect HIV sooner after infection than HIV p24 antigen tests
e. None of the IgM/IgG-sensitive antibody tests can detect HIV-2
Correct Answer: b. Recent inoculation with the influenza vaccine is a known cause of a false-positive
result
1. IgM/IgG assays detect HIV sooner than IgG-only assays.
2. False-positive causes: pregnancy, influenza vaccine, autoimmune disorders,
hypergammaglobulinemia, blood transfusions.
3. Most common cause of false-negative is acute HIV infection.
2. A 31-year-old woman has HIV exposure after a condom broke. She has follow-up HIV testing.
Which best describes the window period?
a. CDC recommends 45 days for laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassays
b. CDC recommends 90 days for laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassays
c. CDC recommends 45 days for all laboratory-based IgM/IgG HIV-1/2 antibody immunoassays
d. Window period is time from HIV acquisition until HIV RNA becomes detectable in ≥10% of
persons
e. Window period is time from HIV acquisition until HIV RNA becomes detectable in ≥50% of persons
Correct Answer: c. The CDC recommends using 45 days as the window period for all laboratory-based
IgM/IgG HIV-1/2 antibody immunoassays
1. Window period is time between HIV acquisition and when a test accurately detects HIV in
almost all persons.
2. For antigen-antibody tests, CDC recommends 45 days to rule out HIV infection after exposure.
3. Window period depends on the diagnostic test used.
, 3. A 22-year-old man with HIV (CD4 390, RNA 46,120, no resistance) is motivated to start ART.
According to ARV Guidelines, what is the recommendation?
a. Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all persons with HIV
b. ART recommended only for decline in CD4 count of at least 100 cells/mm³
c. ART recommended only for CD4 count less than 350 cells/mm³
d. ART recommended only for CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³
e. ART recommended only for HIV RNA greater than 30,000 copies/mL
Correct Answer: a. Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all persons with HIV
1. ART is recommended for all individuals with HIV to reduce morbidity/mortality and prevent
transmission (AI).
2. Initiate ART immediately after HIV diagnosis to increase uptake and decrease time to viral
suppression (AII).
3. START and TEMPRANO trials showed benefit in persons with CD4 >500.
4. A 51-year-old transgender woman with HIV on darunavir-cobicistat and tenofovir DF-
emtricitabine has elevated lipids. Which statin is contraindicated?
a. Pravastatin
b. Atorvastatin
c. Simvastatin
d. Pitavastatin
e. Rosuvastatin
Correct Answer: c. Simvastatin
1. Ritonavir (in darunavir-cobicistat) is a potent CYP450 inhibitor.
2. Simvastatin and lovastatin are contraindicated with all protease inhibitors.
3. Preferred statins: atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin (use lowest starting dose).
5. What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?
Correct Answer: Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks connective tissue
throughout the body, including joints and skin.
1. SLE affects multiple organ systems: renal, skin, pulmonary, cardiovascular.
2. No cure; management focuses on symptom control and preventing flares.
6. What are the clinical manifestations of SLE?
Correct Answer: Facial rash (butterfly rash in 80%), arthritis, arthralgia, photosensitivity, pleurisy,
pericarditis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, alopecia, Raynaud's syndrome, renal disorders,
seizures, cognitive/neuropsychiatric symptoms, mouth/nose ulcers.
1. Classic triad: fever, arthralgia, and rash (FAR).
2. Most common targets: renal, skin, pulmonary, and cardiovascular systems.
