GNRS 5670 EXAM 1 CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ What is Descriptive Research?
Answer: To explore and describe events in real-life situations,
describing concepts and identifying relationships between and
among events. Often used to generate new knowledge about topics
with little or no prior research.
◉ What is Correlational Research?
Answer: To examine the type and degree of relationships between
two or more variables. The strength of the relationship varies from a
-1 (perfect negative correlation, in which one increases as the other
decreases) to a +1 (perfect positive correlation, with both variables
increasing or decreasing together).
◉ What is Quasi-experimental Research?
Answer: To examine cause-and-effect relationships between
selected variables. Often conducted in clinical settings to examine
the effects of nursing interventions on patient outcomes.
◉ What is Experimental Research?
,Answer: To examine cause-and-effect relationships between
variables under highly controlled conditions. These are often
conducted in a laboratory setting.
◉ What is the rationale for using Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
Answer: The incentive for EBP is based in the Institute of Medicine
report that challenged health care professionals to provide care
based on scientific evidence. In addition, those interested in quality
and cost control want evidence that the services and interventions
being funded or reimbursed are effective in securing valued goals.
◉ What are the five steps in EBP?
Answer: Step 1: Ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an
intervention.
Step 2: Collect the most relevant and best evidence.
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence.
Step 4: Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and values in making a decision to change.
Step 5: Evaluate the practice decision or change.
◉ Define: PICO model
Answer: Four components that provide structure when writing
clinical questions so that an appropriate literature review can be
performed.
, P = Patient, population, or problem of interest
I = Intervention of interest
C = Comparison of interest
O = Outcome of interest
◉ What is the biggest barrier to using EBP?
Answer: Resistance to using EBP may arise in the current health care
setting as a result of the nursing short- age, the acuity level of
patients, nurses' skill in reading and evaluating published research,
and an organizational culture that does not support change.
◉ According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Health is
___________________________.
Answer: is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
◉ What is Wellness?
Answer: a term often used interchangeably with health—is an active
state of being healthy, including living a lifestyle that promotes good
physical, mental, and emotional health.
◉ What is acute disease?
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ What is Descriptive Research?
Answer: To explore and describe events in real-life situations,
describing concepts and identifying relationships between and
among events. Often used to generate new knowledge about topics
with little or no prior research.
◉ What is Correlational Research?
Answer: To examine the type and degree of relationships between
two or more variables. The strength of the relationship varies from a
-1 (perfect negative correlation, in which one increases as the other
decreases) to a +1 (perfect positive correlation, with both variables
increasing or decreasing together).
◉ What is Quasi-experimental Research?
Answer: To examine cause-and-effect relationships between
selected variables. Often conducted in clinical settings to examine
the effects of nursing interventions on patient outcomes.
◉ What is Experimental Research?
,Answer: To examine cause-and-effect relationships between
variables under highly controlled conditions. These are often
conducted in a laboratory setting.
◉ What is the rationale for using Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
Answer: The incentive for EBP is based in the Institute of Medicine
report that challenged health care professionals to provide care
based on scientific evidence. In addition, those interested in quality
and cost control want evidence that the services and interventions
being funded or reimbursed are effective in securing valued goals.
◉ What are the five steps in EBP?
Answer: Step 1: Ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an
intervention.
Step 2: Collect the most relevant and best evidence.
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence.
Step 4: Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and values in making a decision to change.
Step 5: Evaluate the practice decision or change.
◉ Define: PICO model
Answer: Four components that provide structure when writing
clinical questions so that an appropriate literature review can be
performed.
, P = Patient, population, or problem of interest
I = Intervention of interest
C = Comparison of interest
O = Outcome of interest
◉ What is the biggest barrier to using EBP?
Answer: Resistance to using EBP may arise in the current health care
setting as a result of the nursing short- age, the acuity level of
patients, nurses' skill in reading and evaluating published research,
and an organizational culture that does not support change.
◉ According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Health is
___________________________.
Answer: is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
◉ What is Wellness?
Answer: a term often used interchangeably with health—is an active
state of being healthy, including living a lifestyle that promotes good
physical, mental, and emotional health.
◉ What is acute disease?
