BIOL 3030 Final Exam 2026 With
Questions And Answers
Theory - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A testable explanation for a broad suite of observations
that is supported by a lot of evidence/experiments.
Hypothesis - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A single explanation/assumption made beforehand,
based on observation or previous testing.
Law - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Descriptions of what happens under a specific set of
conditions (often mathematical).
Logic - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Application of rules for formulating general principles.
Experimental thinking - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Tests assumptions against reality to
gather objective evidence.
Catastrophism - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Sudden events would change geological features
and the presence of species at a given time.
Uniformitarianism - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Geological features we see today are
changing gradually through time.
Spontaneous generation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Represents the idea that organisms
arise from non-living matter without any specific stimulus.
Prebiotic soup - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Different from spontaneous generation; life
emerged from existed compounds in prebiotic soup.
, Lamarck's theory - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (AIC) -
Each individual in the population changes/transforms over its lifetime.
Natural Selection - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The process where organisms better adapted
to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Descent with Modification - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Species split from common ancestor
and slowly gain differences through generations.
Heritable variation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Genetic differences that can be passed from
one generation to the next.
Fitness - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in
its environment.
Plasticity - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The same genotype may produce different
phenotypes under different environmental conditions.
Adaptation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔An inherited trait that makes an organism more fit
in its environment.
Exaptation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A heritable trait that increases fitness in a certain
environment but was originally selected for a different function.
Phylogeny - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Branching relationships of species or populations as
they give rise to descendant groups over time.
Characters - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Any observable or measurable characteristic of an
organism.
Traits - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Represent the specific state of a character; differences in
specific genetic sequence.
Questions And Answers
Theory - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A testable explanation for a broad suite of observations
that is supported by a lot of evidence/experiments.
Hypothesis - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A single explanation/assumption made beforehand,
based on observation or previous testing.
Law - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Descriptions of what happens under a specific set of
conditions (often mathematical).
Logic - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Application of rules for formulating general principles.
Experimental thinking - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Tests assumptions against reality to
gather objective evidence.
Catastrophism - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Sudden events would change geological features
and the presence of species at a given time.
Uniformitarianism - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Geological features we see today are
changing gradually through time.
Spontaneous generation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Represents the idea that organisms
arise from non-living matter without any specific stimulus.
Prebiotic soup - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Different from spontaneous generation; life
emerged from existed compounds in prebiotic soup.
, Lamarck's theory - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (AIC) -
Each individual in the population changes/transforms over its lifetime.
Natural Selection - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The process where organisms better adapted
to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Descent with Modification - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Species split from common ancestor
and slowly gain differences through generations.
Heritable variation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Genetic differences that can be passed from
one generation to the next.
Fitness - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in
its environment.
Plasticity - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔The same genotype may produce different
phenotypes under different environmental conditions.
Adaptation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔An inherited trait that makes an organism more fit
in its environment.
Exaptation - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔A heritable trait that increases fitness in a certain
environment but was originally selected for a different function.
Phylogeny - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Branching relationships of species or populations as
they give rise to descendant groups over time.
Characters - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Any observable or measurable characteristic of an
organism.
Traits - correct answer <<<<<💕💕💕✔✔Represent the specific state of a character; differences in
specific genetic sequence.
