Let 7
skin forms protective, physical barrier harent
a
against
·
(bacteria , viruses
pathogens
↳
protects against dehydration keeps witter looked in
,
regulates body temp by releasing sweet when needed
↳
hair serves as mechanical protector ↑ sensing function, ,
and aids in bodyfemp
regulating
↳ contain sebaceous
glands , which produce sebum ,
an oily lubricating and waterproof substant
, ,
↳
sweet
grands are throughout skiny, and they produce
sweat , which
regulates body temp thre evaporation
that
Mail is hard,
protective layer of Keratinized cells grows
·
at the terminal end of each finger/top
↑
evide protecteare
covering gasingsmallobjects t
assist
in
Skin Tissue : most
owten
rough
ofKeratiosa and
layen,epidemis,composed
cells
sheds dead
I blood vessels so the basal membrane blu epidemis + dennis
- laws ,
waste
provide the necessary
uutrients
basale)
and takes
connects basement membrane
- bottom of epidermis /stratur to
T and these basal cells continuously generate new layers (12 H days to
·
more
-
hardened epidermis layer
↓
& from innermost layer to outer will fill--
we
Keratin and die and
sheds
"renew 27
every layer days
of connective tissue blood vessels +
newves"Strong
Dennis ,
X hypodermis
structure and houses structures like hair Princes
-
provides
and sweat
glands
: subcutaneous tissue/superficial Fascia , layer of putty
helps absorptio and
tissue that with insulation
,
shock
energy storage
,Epidermis :
a superficial Dead layer , anucleated
terminally differentiated Keratinocytes
I
krown as flattened and dense
corneocytesenvironment
,
and , dence
waterproof against , continuous
shedding (disquamation)
layers
: -
5 .
Horny Itratum Corneum)
skin cells flattened
in thick, hairless primary are
densely packed
only
, ,
-
Keratinocytes filled w/ eleidin : translucent protein derived Run Keratorylin (clear look
, Clear (Stranium
I Lucidum) ↳ additional barrier on stress/high friction
primarily Keratinocytes in more advanced differentiation which
,
lamellar bodies
Keratonyalin granules
accumwalt and
3
. Grannan /Stanture Granulosum ↳ Keratin
aggregation lipid-rich ,
water barring
-cells
usually flattened , nuclei - organelles start degenerating to
coronification)
(trans
Keratinocytes that are
matering begin synthesizing desmosomes
Keratin fibrous, :
has ,
. Spiny (Stratum
2 Spinosum) >
-
Structural protein needed for strength and protection Also . ;
specialized junctional complex that
provide stang intercellular adhesion
resilience and
↳ contributes to structural
integrity
V1 Basal /Stratum cuboidal Keratinocytes which are
mitotically active
Deep
collumnar
.
Basale) >
-
and are source
or
of renewal
Thicksin: On Thin skin : Round most of
palm fingerprints
,
body
on
and soles , built for
heavy duty , has all epidermal layers ,
↳ thicker
Horny and clear but lacks prominent stratory
sections for extra protection lucitum (clear layer
4 has
no hair foracles andsebacious hair Polaies - sebaceous
glands due to specializati glonds
found in stratum spinosum
cells : dendritic antigen-presently cells
Langerhaus , used in immune
defense
monitoring pathogens and participating in immune surbillance
epidermal stemlifecells ensure continuous replenishment Keratinocytes
:
·
of
throughout , help w/ tissue repair
following injury
>
-
self renewal : can divide to maintai our
population indefinetly
-
multipotency ; give rise in transit-amplifying Keratinocytes , undergo further
differentiati as
they migrate
Melanocyte: produce melanin from neural crest , transfer pigment to
·
neighboring Keratinocytes
skin
photoprotection pigmentation
↳
and
Merkel cell : specialized mechanoreceptors associated us sensory
nerve endings , use tactile perception
, callouses: hyperproliferation
cutaneous callous : develop due to repeated stress) Prist ,
I
drives basal Keratinocytes in stratun basale to proliferate quicker
-
layer
↳ causes thicker outer ar
protection
bony callous from healing fractured bone NOT in epidermis
:
a ,
↳ Fibroblast chondroblasts
produce fibrocartilage matrix that
stabulizes at fracturesite
Fiber
↳
Collagen / ECM proteins
Keratinization/Cornificatio : vital process responsible for
forming
the skin's
protective outer layer
↳ involves transformation of Keratinocytes
from Basal layer to
become specialized , hardenedcells
ws Keratin parter
steps :
1 .
Basal : harbers stem cells , undifferentiated cells are
anchored to basementmanbare , stratified
forming epithelium
differentiate
.
2
Spinous Keratinocytes migrate up detatch and
:
,
,
↳
expression of Keration) structural protein)
desmosomes form strengthen abhesion
-no
proliferatio ,
,
Granular : flat cells , granules/ filled wi proteins
3
Keratonyalin
.
that will later become Keratin
↳ lamellar bodies store linids , making it waterproof
organelles + nucleus degrade as we go away from basement
-
membare where nutrients comein From
n Cornified : Lots of fattened Keratin
tought waterpro of
E
,
.
-desquamation : dead cells on surface shed
-cornified proteins
envelope under plasma member has cross-linked
and lipids that addto protection
, Extracellular lipids,
stratan corneum =
brick wall -
↓
resilient
Bricks :
strong ,
cornercycles ,
mortar : waterproof
flat, dead skin cells , fightly packed lipids waxy excretions
,
each
corneocyte has+ an envelope of lameller bodies as
w/cross-linked protein lipids that cell moves up
makes it even more renforced -
fill space blu
corneocyles creating
↳ corne desmosomes
a
hold bricks continuous water propt
firmlyTogether barrier (cutaneous
↳ each corneocyte has natural
(NMF) which
permeability barriers) Prevents
Moisturizing Packers excessive water loss and
of harmful substances
crewater-soluble compounds that entry
+ maintain moisie
Attract
in a
~
a
seath
surrounded
cornercype is
envelope
by
that
strengthens and
an
surface
waterproofs the
↓ -
-
-
stabalizes lipid
↑
bilayer+
comeocytes
the mortar maintains fluidity
your
-
made of lipids
produced by lamellar bun
generated
u -
bodies from Keratinocytes
↑
.....
hydrolysis triglyceride of
Earlipid layers and
and
and
phospholipids
prevent wath loss are released into ECM
-
block entry
↳
of
comopsed
pattrogens
↓ -
weak acids , makes
acidic 14 5-5 51 .
.
skin
alkame message
mildly
dominant lipid, ·
maintai lipid organizati (t0
Crucial for barrier
·regulately
words
integrity
skin forms protective, physical barrier harent
a
against
·
(bacteria , viruses
pathogens
↳
protects against dehydration keeps witter looked in
,
regulates body temp by releasing sweet when needed
↳
hair serves as mechanical protector ↑ sensing function, ,
and aids in bodyfemp
regulating
↳ contain sebaceous
glands , which produce sebum ,
an oily lubricating and waterproof substant
, ,
↳
sweet
grands are throughout skiny, and they produce
sweat , which
regulates body temp thre evaporation
that
Mail is hard,
protective layer of Keratinized cells grows
·
at the terminal end of each finger/top
↑
evide protecteare
covering gasingsmallobjects t
assist
in
Skin Tissue : most
owten
rough
ofKeratiosa and
layen,epidemis,composed
cells
sheds dead
I blood vessels so the basal membrane blu epidemis + dennis
- laws ,
waste
provide the necessary
uutrients
basale)
and takes
connects basement membrane
- bottom of epidermis /stratur to
T and these basal cells continuously generate new layers (12 H days to
·
more
-
hardened epidermis layer
↓
& from innermost layer to outer will fill--
we
Keratin and die and
sheds
"renew 27
every layer days
of connective tissue blood vessels +
newves"Strong
Dennis ,
X hypodermis
structure and houses structures like hair Princes
-
provides
and sweat
glands
: subcutaneous tissue/superficial Fascia , layer of putty
helps absorptio and
tissue that with insulation
,
shock
energy storage
,Epidermis :
a superficial Dead layer , anucleated
terminally differentiated Keratinocytes
I
krown as flattened and dense
corneocytesenvironment
,
and , dence
waterproof against , continuous
shedding (disquamation)
layers
: -
5 .
Horny Itratum Corneum)
skin cells flattened
in thick, hairless primary are
densely packed
only
, ,
-
Keratinocytes filled w/ eleidin : translucent protein derived Run Keratorylin (clear look
, Clear (Stranium
I Lucidum) ↳ additional barrier on stress/high friction
primarily Keratinocytes in more advanced differentiation which
,
lamellar bodies
Keratonyalin granules
accumwalt and
3
. Grannan /Stanture Granulosum ↳ Keratin
aggregation lipid-rich ,
water barring
-cells
usually flattened , nuclei - organelles start degenerating to
coronification)
(trans
Keratinocytes that are
matering begin synthesizing desmosomes
Keratin fibrous, :
has ,
. Spiny (Stratum
2 Spinosum) >
-
Structural protein needed for strength and protection Also . ;
specialized junctional complex that
provide stang intercellular adhesion
resilience and
↳ contributes to structural
integrity
V1 Basal /Stratum cuboidal Keratinocytes which are
mitotically active
Deep
collumnar
.
Basale) >
-
and are source
or
of renewal
Thicksin: On Thin skin : Round most of
palm fingerprints
,
body
on
and soles , built for
heavy duty , has all epidermal layers ,
↳ thicker
Horny and clear but lacks prominent stratory
sections for extra protection lucitum (clear layer
4 has
no hair foracles andsebacious hair Polaies - sebaceous
glands due to specializati glonds
found in stratum spinosum
cells : dendritic antigen-presently cells
Langerhaus , used in immune
defense
monitoring pathogens and participating in immune surbillance
epidermal stemlifecells ensure continuous replenishment Keratinocytes
:
·
of
throughout , help w/ tissue repair
following injury
>
-
self renewal : can divide to maintai our
population indefinetly
-
multipotency ; give rise in transit-amplifying Keratinocytes , undergo further
differentiati as
they migrate
Melanocyte: produce melanin from neural crest , transfer pigment to
·
neighboring Keratinocytes
skin
photoprotection pigmentation
↳
and
Merkel cell : specialized mechanoreceptors associated us sensory
nerve endings , use tactile perception
, callouses: hyperproliferation
cutaneous callous : develop due to repeated stress) Prist ,
I
drives basal Keratinocytes in stratun basale to proliferate quicker
-
layer
↳ causes thicker outer ar
protection
bony callous from healing fractured bone NOT in epidermis
:
a ,
↳ Fibroblast chondroblasts
produce fibrocartilage matrix that
stabulizes at fracturesite
Fiber
↳
Collagen / ECM proteins
Keratinization/Cornificatio : vital process responsible for
forming
the skin's
protective outer layer
↳ involves transformation of Keratinocytes
from Basal layer to
become specialized , hardenedcells
ws Keratin parter
steps :
1 .
Basal : harbers stem cells , undifferentiated cells are
anchored to basementmanbare , stratified
forming epithelium
differentiate
.
2
Spinous Keratinocytes migrate up detatch and
:
,
,
↳
expression of Keration) structural protein)
desmosomes form strengthen abhesion
-no
proliferatio ,
,
Granular : flat cells , granules/ filled wi proteins
3
Keratonyalin
.
that will later become Keratin
↳ lamellar bodies store linids , making it waterproof
organelles + nucleus degrade as we go away from basement
-
membare where nutrients comein From
n Cornified : Lots of fattened Keratin
tought waterpro of
E
,
.
-desquamation : dead cells on surface shed
-cornified proteins
envelope under plasma member has cross-linked
and lipids that addto protection
, Extracellular lipids,
stratan corneum =
brick wall -
↓
resilient
Bricks :
strong ,
cornercycles ,
mortar : waterproof
flat, dead skin cells , fightly packed lipids waxy excretions
,
each
corneocyte has+ an envelope of lameller bodies as
w/cross-linked protein lipids that cell moves up
makes it even more renforced -
fill space blu
corneocyles creating
↳ corne desmosomes
a
hold bricks continuous water propt
firmlyTogether barrier (cutaneous
↳ each corneocyte has natural
(NMF) which
permeability barriers) Prevents
Moisturizing Packers excessive water loss and
of harmful substances
crewater-soluble compounds that entry
+ maintain moisie
Attract
in a
~
a
seath
surrounded
cornercype is
envelope
by
that
strengthens and
an
surface
waterproofs the
↓ -
-
-
stabalizes lipid
↑
bilayer+
comeocytes
the mortar maintains fluidity
your
-
made of lipids
produced by lamellar bun
generated
u -
bodies from Keratinocytes
↑
.....
hydrolysis triglyceride of
Earlipid layers and
and
and
phospholipids
prevent wath loss are released into ECM
-
block entry
↳
of
comopsed
pattrogens
↓ -
weak acids , makes
acidic 14 5-5 51 .
.
skin
alkame message
mildly
dominant lipid, ·
maintai lipid organizati (t0
Crucial for barrier
·regulately
words
integrity
